Wordmarks for UT and College of Liberal Arts

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Old Iranian Online

English Meaning Index

Jonathan Slocum and Scott L. Harvey

This English Index lists, in alphabetical order, seemingly significant words used in the "general meaning" glosses of Base Forms underlying one or more surface (word) forms in lesson texts. For each English word, base forms having that word in their general meanings are shown, along with links to every usage, in every numbered lesson, of the associated surface forms. With this index, one may click on any link to perform a quick "usage look-up," and thereby study how surface forms in texts are constructed from base forms sharing a general English meaning word. In order to reduce clutter in this index, certain high-frequency English "function" words are ignored unless there are no "content" words in the meaning.

This index was created by software, not by human hand, using lesson materials authored with very few constraints on the expression of "meaning" other than it being in English. Selecting significant words from free-form text via software is a notoriously difficult task. For example, while most meanings in these lessons are expressed as "glosses," some or parts may be comments directed toward the human reader, who is expected to discern the difference. Computer software cannot yet make such subtle linguistic distinctions, so all words in a meaning are treated alike. With few exceptions, then, all words are indexed. The results are neither produced nor presented with any claims to superior linguistic sensitivity, but at least the full meaning texts are shown for your inspection and judgment. Modest effort was invested in tuning the software to ignore [apparently] superfluous, high-frequency words (e.g., the preposition "of") that, in the presence of [apparently] more important words, contribute little or no useful information to an index; unfortunately this may result in some words, in some contexts, being unfairly omitted.

Note: this page is for systems/browsers with Unicode^® support and fonts spanning the Unicode 3 character set relevant to (Romanized) Old Iranian. Versions of this page rendered in alternate character sets are available via links (Romanized and Unicode 2) in the upper-left margin.

ABANDON : <zā> 'abandon, relinquish' --: 3.367
ABODE : <nmāna-> 'abode, house' --: 6.137
ABOVE : <uparəm> 'above' --: 6.14
ABSENCE : <narəpi-> 'reduction, absence' --: 3.441
ACCEPT : <xšam> 'accept' --: 2.142
ACCOMPANY : <haca-> 'follow, accompany' (?) --: 3.59
ACCORDANCE : <ašavan-> '(in accordance with) Truth' --: 3.187, 3.188, 3.461, 4.159, 6.62
ACQUISITION : <vaēδayana-> 'attainment, discovery, acquisition' --: 5.178
ACROSS : <param> 'far, away, opposite, across' --: 6.58
ACT : <šyaoθana-> 'act, deed' --: 3.49, 3.62, 4.104, 4.201, 5.158
ACTION : <verəz-> 'perform an action' --: 4.175
ADHERE : <rāθ> 'adhere' --: 3.439
ADHERENT : <kəvi-> 'title: adherent to the daevic religion' (?) --: 3.82
ADHERING : <rāthəma-> 'adhering to' --: 3.285
ADVERSARY : <aurvaθana-> 'adversary' --: 5.206
AFTER : <hak> 'instigate, strive for' -- with instrumental 'go after, follow, partake of' --: 6.161, 6.169
AGREEMENT : <miθra-> 'contract, agreement, pact' --: 5.41, 5.48, 5.63, 5.79, 5.89, 5.101
AIR : <vayu-> 'air, wind' (?) --: 3.302
ALL : <vispa-> 'everyone/thing, all' --: 3.396
ALL : <vīspa-> 'all, every' --: 3.33, 3.207, 5.38, 6.87, 6.90, 6.93, 6.156
ALLIANCE : <sar-> 'protection, alliance' --: 1.103, 3.138
ALONE : <aēva-> 'one, alone' --: 2.21, 2.98
AMONG : <pairi> 'around, among' --: 1.148, 1.220, 5.138
AND : <ca> 'and' --: 1.25, 1.28, 1.29, 1.156, 1.157, 1.158, 1.201, 2.38, 2.39, 2.65, 2.114, 2.136, 2.187, 2.200, 2.225, 2.227, 3.42, 3.45, 3.49, 3.57, 3.62, 3.74, 3.82, 3.86, 3.109, 3.135, 3.176, 3.178, 3.226, 3.228, 3.241, 3.327, 3.352, 3.354, 3.395, 3.406, 3.407, 3.408, 3.409, 3.428, 3.467, 4.20, 4.22, 4.34, 4.102, 4.103, 4.107, 4.128, 4.143, 4.144, 4.145, 4.197, 4.253, 4.258, 4.294, 4.336, 4.352, 4.355, 4.407, 4.434, 4.436, 4.447, 5.64, 5.65, 5.113, 5.139, 5.140, 5.156, 5.157, 5.158, 5.159, 5.160, 6.32, 6.33, 6.87, 6.90, 6.93
AND : <uta> 'and' --: 6.70
ANGER : <aēšma-> 'anger, fury, wrath' --: 6.160
ANGER : <aēšəma-> 'anger, fury, wrath' --: 1.24, 1.91, 4.240
ANGUISH : <dvafša-> 'distress, ruin, pain, anguish' --: 3.423
ANIMAL : <mərəγa-> 'forest animal, bird' --: 6.204
ANNOUNCE : <saŋh> 'announce, proclaim' --: 4.77, 4.322
APART : <ci> 'discriminate, tell apart' --: 4.118, 4.214
APART : <vi> 'wide, apart' --: 3.367, 4.118, 4.214, 6.206, 6.218
APPEARANCE : <kəhrp-> 'form, body, outward appearance' --: 4.267, 6.35
APPROACHING : <aipi> 'toward, approaching' --: 1.160, 4.450
AROUND : <pairi> 'around, among' --: 1.148, 1.220, 5.138
ARRIVE : <iš> 'strive, desire, arrive' --: 4.8
ASK : <gad> 'ask, entreat, supplicate' --: 5.196
ASK : <pərəs-> 'ask' --: 1.57, 4.226
ASPA- : <aspāna-> patronymic form of aspa- 'horse' --: 3.112
ASSEMBLY-SPEAKING : <vaȳxana-> 'assembly-speaking, rhetorically skilled' --: 5.173
ATONEMENT : <kaēnā-> 'atonement, punishment' --: 4.297
ATONEMENT : <spayaθra-> 'atonement, prosperity' --: 4.384
ATTACK : <vərəθra-> 'attack, victory' --: 6.111
ATTAIN : <ans> 'attain' --: 3.304
ATTAINMENT : <vaēδayana-> 'attainment, discovery, acquisition' --: 5.178
ATTENTIVE : <bud> 'be attentive, aware' --: 4.78
ATTITUDE : <daēnā-> 'attitude, intention, insight' --: 3.46, 3.98, 3.204, 3.240, 5.58
AWAKE : <gar> 'be awake' --: 5.181
AWARE : <bud> 'be attentive, aware' --: 4.78
AWAY : <ava> 'away, down' --: 4.380, 4.382
AWAY : <param> 'far, away, opposite, across' --: 6.58
AWAY : <parā> 'before, beyond, away' --: 3.301, 3.352, 3.359, 4.72
BACK : <barəša-> 'neck, back' --: 5.192
BAD : <aka-> 'bad, evil, wicked' --: 4.107, 4.156, 4.174, 4.230
BAD : <duš-> 'bad, evil' --: 3.303, 5.203
BAD : <duždā-> 'of bad gifts, maleficent' --: 4.120
BADLY : <dužvarena-> 'choosing badly' --: 3.437
BASE : <būna-> 'ground, base' --: 3.343
BEAR : <bar> 'bear, carry' --: 6.206
BEAR : <zan> 'bear, give birth' --: 6.141
BEAT : <mru> 'dive, plunge, beat' --: 3.353
BEAUTIFUL : <darəsata-> 'visible, beautiful to see' --: 4.37
BEAUTIFUL : <hu> 'well, good, beautiful' --: 5.175, 6.10, 6.19, 6.58, 6.67, 6.72
BECAUSE : <hyat> 'as, since, because' --: 4.129, 4.216, 4.228, 4.363
BECAUSE : <yezī> 'as, because, when' --: 3.17
BECOME : <ah-> 'be, become' --: 1.128, 1.173, 2.168, 3.262, 3.330, 3.373, 3.387, 3.429, 4.146, 4.282, 4.339, 4.369, 4.452, 5.62, 6.123
BECOME : <bu> 'be, become' --: 4.366, 4.382, 6.112
BEFORE : <parā> 'before, beyond, away' --: 3.301, 3.352, 3.359, 4.72
BEGUILEMENT : <dəbaoman-> 'beguilement, deception' --: 4.218
BELIEVING : <zrazdišta-> 'most believing' --: 3.342
BELONGING : <x^vaētu-> 'belonging to the family' --: 3.179
BENEFICENT : <hudah-> 'of good gifts, beneficent' --: 4.116
BENEFICENT : <spənta-> 'beneficent, holy, sacred' --: 2.68, 3.151, 4.185, 5.95, 6.202
BENEFIT : <sava-> 'benefit, salvation' --: 4.447
BEST : <mairišṯa-> 'knowing/remembering best' --: 1.144
BETTER : <-tara-> 'more, better' --: 6.111
BETTER : <vahya-> 'better' --: 3.483, 4.106
BEYOND : <parā> 'before, beyond, away' --: 3.301, 3.352, 3.359, 4.72
BIG : <bərəzant-> 'high, elevated, lofty, big, great, clear' --: 5.177
BIND : <hišāy-> 'bind, tie up' --: 1.27
BIRD : <mərəγa-> 'forest animal, bird' --: 6.204
BIRTH : <zan> 'bear, give birth' --: 6.141
BLESSED : <hudānu-> 'blessed' --: 3.153
BLISS : <urvāza-> 'joy, bliss' --: 4.38
BLOODLUST : <rəma-> 'bloodlust, violence, chains' --: 1.26
BLOODY : <xrvi-> 'bloody' --: 6.162
BODY : <kəhrp-> 'form, body, outward appearance' --: 4.267, 6.35
BODY : <tanu-> 'body' --: 3.300, 3.452, 4.64, 5.199
BOON : <āyapta-> 'riches, bounty, boon, spoils' --: 3.20
BOTH : <uvaya-> 'both' --: 5.60
BOUNTY : <āyapta-> 'riches, bounty, boon, spoils' --: 3.20
BRANCH : <fravāxš-> 'stalk, branch, penis' --: 6.95
BREATH : <ahu-> 'existence, life, breath' --: 3.318, 4.344, 6.12
BREATH : <ąnman-> 'spirit, breath' --: 4.271
BREATHING : <x^vathra-> 'good breathing, ease, comfort' --: 3.305
BREED : <fsuya-> 'breed (esp. cattle)' --: 1.218, 2.38
BRING : <marək-> 'kill, destroy, bring ruin' --: 5.37
BROAD : <pərəθu-> 'wide, broad' --: 5.178, 6.55
BROAD : <varav-> 'wide, broad' --: 5.14, 5.77, 5.119, 5.146, 5.149, 5.170
BROUGHT : <peša-> 'brought to an end' --: 3.452
BUNDLE : <barəsman-> grass bundle used in the Indo-Iranian sacrifice --: 5.153
BUT : <aṯ> 'then, but, and, so, thus' --: 1.184, 2.5, 2.35, 2.136, 2.228, 3.57, 3.178, 3.327, 3.370, 4.5, 4.87, 4.128, 4.158, 4.239, 4.266, 4.294, 4.307, 4.336, 4.392, 4.449
BUT : <āaṯ> 'then, thereupon, therefore, and, but' --: 5.10, 5.18, 6.163, 6.199, 6.214
BUTTER : <āzuiti-> 'fat, butter' --: 2.50
CALL : <zava-> 'call, request' --: 1.132
CARE : <θwaxša-> 'zeal, care, nurture' --: 1.77
CAREFUL : <humązdra-> 'careful, good to see' --: 4.32
CARRIAGE : <barana-> 'carriage, support' --: 4.354
CARRY : <bar> 'bear, carry' --: 6.206
CARVE : <tas> 'carve, create, fashion, shape' --: 1.14, 2.41, 2.53, 5.175, 6.181
CARVE : <θwarōz> 'carve, fashion, shape, create' --: 1.11
CARVER : <tašar-> 'carver, fashioner, shaper, creator' --: 1.55
CATEGORY : <kayaδa-> category of evil deed --: 5.45
CATTLE : <fsuya-> 'breed (esp. cattle)' --: 1.218, 2.38
CAUSE : <srāvay-> 'cause to be heard' --: 2.123
CAUSE : <vaxšaya-> 'cause to grow' --: 6.36
CELEBRATE : <stu> 'praise, laud, extol, celebrate' --: 6.9, 6.18, 6.31, 6.40, 6.53, 6.63, 6.110, 6.144
CERTAINLY : <ahe> 'indeed, certainly' --: 5.111
CHAINS : <rəma-> 'bloodlust, violence, chains' --: 1.26
CHANGING : <maēδa-> 'changing, false' --: 4.370
CHARIOT : <raθa-> 'chariot' --: 5.191
CHOICE : <āvarəna-> 'invitation, choice' --: 4.59
CHOOSE : <var> 'choose' --: 3.165, 4.171
CHOOSE : <vərən-> 'choose' --: 4.229
CHOOSING : <dužvarena-> 'choosing badly' --: 3.437
CLAN : <Spitāma-> 'Spitama' (clan name of Zarathustra) --: 2.109, 3.16, 3.85, 3.120, 5.8, 5.17, 5.42, 5.51
CLAN : <viž-> 'clan' --: 3.413
CLASS : <fravaši-> the immortal element in a person, personified as a class of deity --: 5.96
CLEAR : <bərəzant-> 'high, elevated, lofty, big, great, clear' --: 5.177
CLEAR : <ciθrəm> 'manifest, clear, visible, plain' --: 6.147
CLEAR : <sūca-> 'light, pure, clear' --: 4.50
CLOTHED : <vas> 'be clothed, swathed' --: 4.189
CLOUD : <maēγa-> 'cloud' --: 6.32
COME : <zā> 'conquer, win, come in first' --: 4.409
COMFORT : <hušiti-> 'good dwelling, comfort, safety' --: 2.199, 4.396
COMFORT : <x^vathra-> 'good breathing, ease, comfort' --: 3.305
COMMANDMENT : <urvāta-> 'rule, order, commandment' --: 4.421
COMPLAIN : <gərəz-> 'lament, complain' --: 1.8
CONCERN : <frāxšnəna-> 'concern' --: 2.240
CONQUER : <zā> 'conquer, win, come in first' --: 4.409
CONSIDERED : <mazdāδa-> 'thing to be considered' --: 4.10
CONTRACT : <miθra-> 'contract, agreement, pact' --: 5.41, 5.48, 5.63, 5.79, 5.89, 5.101
CONVEYS : <ā> (conveys sense of reversal with verbs of motion) --: 3.297
CORRECT : <ərəš-> 'right, correct, true' --: 4.117, 4.213, 5.160, 5.172
COUNTRY : <dahyav-> 'country, region, realm' --: 5.39
COW : <gao-> 'cow' --: 1.6, 1.56, 1.61, 1.76, 1.105, 1.201, 2.64, 2.137, 5.14, 5.77, 5.119, 5.146, 5.149, 5.152, 5.170
CREATE : <tas> 'carve, create, fashion, shape' --: 1.14, 2.41, 2.53, 5.175, 6.181
CREATE : <θwarōz> 'carve, fashion, shape, create' --: 1.11
CREATION : <dāman-> 'dwelling, creation, creatures (pl.)' --: 5.132
CREATION : <dāmi-> 'creation' --: 6.179, 6.185
CREATOR : <tašar-> 'carver, fashioner, shaper, creator' --: 1.55
CREATURES : <dāman-> 'dwelling, creation, creatures (pl.)' --: 5.132
CRY : <bərət> 'cry' (?) --: 3.302
CRY : <rud> 'howl, cry out, lament' --: 2.139
CURATIVE : <baēšazya-> 'generative, curative' --: 6.146
DAEVIC : <kəvi-> 'title: adherent to the daevic religion' (?) --: 3.82
DAMAGE : <rašah-> 'harm, damage' --: 4.439
DARKNESS : <rajī-> 'darkness' --: 3.442
DAUGHTER : <dugədar-> 'daughter' --: 3.122
DEATH : <ajyaiti-> 'death' --: 4.144
DEATH : <mərəthyu-> 'death' --: 3.426
DECEIT : <druj-> 'deceit' --: 3.283, 3.296, 4.328, 4.381
DECEIVE : <draoga-> 'lie, deceive' --: 5.81, 5.91, 5.103
DECEPTION : <dəbaoman-> 'beguilement, deception' --: 4.218
DECISION : <vīciδa-> 'decision, judgement' --: 4.60
DECLARE : <vak> 'say, speak, declare' --: 2.7, 4.7, 5.160
DEED : <kayaδa-> category of evil deed --: 5.45
DEED : <šyaoθana-> 'act, deed' --: 3.49, 3.62, 4.104, 4.201, 5.158
DEFENSE : <piθa-> 'defense' --: 3.299
DEFILEMENT : <āhiti-> 'defilement, pollution --: 6.138
DEITY : <baγa-> 'god, deity' --: 6.180, 6.186
DEITY : <fravaši-> the immortal element in a person, personified as a class of deity --: 5.96
DESCENDENT : <zaraθuštri-> 'descendent of Zarathustra' (?) --: 3.84
DESIRE : <iš> 'strive, desire, arrive' --: 4.8
DESIRE : <vas> 'desire, wish' --: 1.87, 1.176, 2.113, 2.156, 4.453
DESPISE : <ṯbiš> 'hate, despise' --: 5.201, 5.207
DESTROY : <jan> 'smite, slay, destroy' --: 1.103, 5.50
DESTROY : <marək-> 'kill, destroy, bring ruin' --: 5.37
DESTROY : <mrc> 'destroy' --: 3.319
DESTROY : <vādāya-> 'destroy' --: 1.92
DESTROYING : <ganya-> 'slaying, killing, destroying' --: 6.122
DESTRUCTION : <skənda-> 'destruction' --: 4.383
DEVOTE : <frī> 'devote' --: 1.189
DEVOTION : <Armaiti-> name of a goddess = 'righteousness, devotion, piety' --: 3.152
DEVOTION : <ārmaiti-> 'devotion, piety' --: 4.270
DIRECTION : <vīzx^vanca> 'in every direction' (?) --: 6.205
DISAPPEAR : <nas> 'be lost, disappear' --: 3.304, 3.358, 6.132
DISCERNING : <vīcira-> 'discerning' --: 1.169
DISCOVERY : <vaēδayana-> 'attainment, discovery, acquisition' --: 5.178
DISCRIMINATE : <ci> 'discriminate, tell apart' --: 4.118, 4.214
DISCUSS : <fras> 'inquire, discuss' --: 3.148, 5.55
DISTRESS : <dvafša-> 'distress, ruin, pain, anguish' --: 3.423
DIVE : <mru> 'dive, plunge, beat' --: 3.353
DIVINE : <daēva-> 'divine being' --: 1.156, 4.215, 6.124
DO : <kar> 'do, make' --: 4.343, 6.134
DO : <vərəz> 'do, make, perform' --: 1.147, 1.159, 6.84
DOCTRINE : <sāx^van-> 'doctrine, teaching, instruction' --: 3.215
DOWN : <aorā> 'down' --: 3.354
DOWN : <ava> 'away, down' --: 4.380, 4.382
DOWN : <avar> 'down' --: 2.254
DOWN : <ni> 'down' --: 6.21, 6.187
DOWN : <nivāiti-> 'striking down' --: 5.204
DOWN : <ə̄əāvā> 'down' --: 2.83
DREAM : <x^vafna-> 'sleep, dream' --: 4.93, 5.180
DREAM-LIKE : <x^vapah-> 'dream-like' --: 6.182, 6.188
DRIVE : <šava-> 'drive forth, set in motion' --: 1.118
DURATION : <yav-> 'duration, period, time of life' --: 3.32, 3.206
DURING : <yavan-> 'during life' --: 2.166
DWELL : <ši> 'dwell' --: 3.412
DWELLING : <dāman-> 'dwelling, creation, creatures (pl.)' --: 5.132
DWELLING : <hušiti-> 'good dwelling, comfort, safety' --: 2.199, 4.396
EAR : <gaoša-> 'ear' --: 5.174
EAR : <gə̄uša-> 'ear' --: 4.47
EARTH : <zam-> 'earth, ground' --: 6.54, 6.64
EASE : <x^vathra-> 'good breathing, ease, comfort' --: 3.305
EFFECTIVE : <āsna-> 'successful, effective' --: 5.98
ELEMENT : <fravaši-> the immortal element in a person, personified as a class of deity --: 5.96
ELEVATED : <bərəz-> 'be high, elevated' --: 6.42
ELEVATED : <bərəzant-> 'high, elevated, lofty, big, great, clear' --: 5.177
EMACIATED : <uruša-> 'emaciated' --: 2.67
EMPHATIC : <ciṯ> gives indefinite or emphatic sense --: 5.26, 5.47, 6.5, 6.14, 6.113, 6.116, 6.119
END : <peša-> 'brought to an end' --: 3.452
ENDURING : <utayūiti-> 'fresh, lasting, enduring' --: 4.268
ENEMY : <hamərəθa> 'enemy' --: 5.205
ENERGY : <ah> 'energy, zest, zeal' --: 1.187
ENTREAT : <gad> 'ask, entreat, supplicate' --: 5.196
EVERY : <vīspa-> 'all, every' --: 3.33, 3.207, 5.38, 6.87, 6.90, 6.93, 6.156
EVERY : <vīzx^vanca> 'in every direction' (?) --: 6.205
EVERYONE : <vispa-> 'everyone/thing, all' --: 3.396
EVIL : <aka-> 'bad, evil, wicked' --: 4.107, 4.156, 4.174, 4.230
EVIL : <duš-> 'bad, evil' --: 3.303, 5.203
EVIL : <kayaδa-> category of evil deed --: 5.45
EXALTED : <barəz> 'high, exalted, loud' --: 6.191
EXISTENCE : <ahu-> 'existence, life, breath' --: 3.318, 4.344, 6.12
EXISTENCE : <aŋhu-> 'existence, life' --: 3.242, 4.148, 4.244
EXISTENCE : <hvaŋhaoya-> 'good existence' --: 3.34
EXPRESS : <mā> used to express prohibition --: 5.49, 5.52, 5.56
EXTOL : <stu> 'praise, laud, extol, celebrate' --: 6.9, 6.18, 6.31, 6.40, 6.53, 6.63, 6.110, 6.144
EYE : <cašman-> 'eye' --: 5.176
FALSE : <drug-> 'false' --: 5.41
FALSE : <mairya-> 'false, malicious' --: 5.40
FALSE : <maēδa-> 'changing, false' --: 4.370
FAME : <sravas-> 'fame' --: 4.411
FAMILY : <x^vaētu-> 'belonging to the family' --: 3.179
FAR : <param> 'far, away, opposite, across' --: 6.58
FASHION : <tas> 'carve, create, fashion, shape' --: 1.14, 2.41, 2.53, 5.175, 6.181
FASHION : <θwarōz> 'carve, fashion, shape, create' --: 1.11
FASHIONER : <tašar-> 'carver, fashioner, shaper, creator' --: 1.55
FASHIONER : <θwōrəšṯar> 'Fashioner' --: 2.40
FASTEST : <asišta-> 'fastest' --: 4.393
FAT : <āzuiti-> 'fat, butter' --: 2.50
FATHER : <pitar-> 'father' --: 3.167
FEET : <carana-> 'moving, feet, support' --: 6.69
FERTILE : <azi-> 'fertile' --: 1.202
FIND : <vis> 'find' --: 2.23, 2.95
FIRE : <ātar-> 'fire' --: 5.85
FIRM : <paityāstī-> 'firm foundation' --: 3.132
FIRM : <xrūždra-> 'hard, firm' --: 4.187
FIRST : <paouruya-> 'first, original' --: 2.214, 4.90, 4.134, 4.286
FIRST : <zā> 'conquer, win, come in first' --: 4.409
FIT : <dab> 'fit together' (?) --: 3.44
FLOW : <ru> 'flow' --: 6.13
FOLLOW : <haca-> 'follow, accompany' (?) --: 3.59
FOLLOW : <hak> 'instigate, strive for' -- with instrumental 'go after, follow, partake of' --: 6.161, 6.169
FOLLOWER : <ašavant-> 'follower of the Truth' --: 4.448, 5.47, 5.59, 5.65, 5.92
FOOD : <x^varətha-> 'food' --: 3.303
FOREST : <mərəγa-> 'forest animal, bird' --: 6.204
FORGING : <ādāna-> 'portion, forging together, retaliation' --: 4.285
FORM : <aspāna-> patronymic form of aspa- 'horse' --: 3.112
FORM : <kəhrp-> 'form, body, outward appearance' --: 4.267, 6.35
FORMULA : <maθra-> 'mantra, magic formula' --: 2.52
FORMULAIC : <mąθra-> 'formulaic verse, spell, poetic intention' --: 5.156
FORMULATED : <sax^vār-> 'invocation, poetically formulated vow' --: 1.143
FORTH : <ustana-> 'stretched forth' --: 1.186
FORTH : <šava-> 'drive forth, set in motion' --: 1.118
FORWARD : <fra> 'forward, toward' --: 5.15, 6.134
FOUNDATION : <paityāstī-> 'firm foundation' --: 3.132
FRASHAOSTRA : <Ferašaoštra-> 'Frashaostra' --: 3.86
FREEDOM : <x^viti-> 'well-being, freedom of movement' --: 4.434
FREEDOM : <ə̄nəiti-> 'ill-being, lack of freedom' --: 4.435
FRESH : <utayūiti-> 'fresh, lasting, enduring' --: 4.268
FROM : <hacā> 'from, out of' --: 2.27, 3.29, 3.284, 6.136
FURY : <aēšma-> 'anger, fury, wrath' --: 6.160
FURY : <aēšəma-> 'anger, fury, wrath' --: 1.24, 1.91, 4.240
FURY : <darəs-> 'wantoness, rage, fury' --: 1.28
GENERATIVE : <baēšazya-> 'generative, curative' --: 6.146
GIFT : <dah-> 'gift' --: 3.94
GIFT : <maga-> 'gift' --: 2.242, 3.332, 3.368
GIFT : <rāta-> 'gift' --: 2.255
GIFTS : <duždā-> 'of bad gifts, maleficent' --: 4.120
GIFTS : <hudah-> 'of good gifts, beneficent' --: 4.116
GIRL : <kainya-> 'maiden, girl' --: 3.217
GIVE : <dā-> 'give, put' --: 1.72, 1.76, 1.205, 2.82, 2.127, 2.171, 2.185, 2.201, 3.19, 3.101, 3.137, 3.202, 3.231, 3.411, 3.481, 4.135, 4.269, 4.326, 4.425, 5.15, 5.20, 5.74, 5.84, 5.97, 6.179, 6.185, 6.187
GIVE : <sru> 'give' --: 3.7
GIVE : <zan> 'bear, give birth' --: 6.141
GIVES : <ciṯ> gives indefinite or emphatic sense --: 5.26, 5.47, 6.5, 6.14, 6.113, 6.116, 6.119
GIVING : <saošyant-> 'giving power; savior (?)' --: 3.100
GLORIFICATION : <vahma-> 'glorification, praise' --: 3.72
GLORY : <x^varənah-> 'glory' --: 5.113
GO : <gam> 'go' --: 1.133, 4.133, 4.227, 4.255, 4.298, 5.138
GO : <hak> 'instigate, strive for' -- with instrumental 'go after, follow, partake of' --: 6.161, 6.169
GOD : <baγa-> 'god, deity' --: 6.180, 6.186
GODDESS : <Armaiti-> name of a goddess = 'righteousness, devotion, piety' --: 3.152
GOING : <jaiti-> 'going' --: 5.202
GOOD : <hu> 'well, good, beautiful' --: 5.175, 6.10, 6.19, 6.58, 6.67, 6.72
GOOD : <hudah-> 'of good gifts, beneficent' --: 4.116
GOOD : <humązdra-> 'careful, good to see' --: 4.32
GOOD : <huxšaθra-> 'good rule' --: 3.406
GOOD : <hušiti-> 'good dwelling, comfort, safety' --: 2.199, 4.396
GOOD : <hvaŋhaoya-> 'good existence' --: 3.34
GOOD : <vohu-> 'good' --: 1.45, 2.78, 2.196, 2.225, 3.5, 3.47, 3.131, 3.190, 3.205, 3.244, 4.23, 4.48, 4.160, 4.257, 4.311, 4.397, 4.410, 5.93, 6.225
GOOD : <x^va> 'good, worthy' --: 5.58
GOOD : <x^vathra-> 'good breathing, ease, comfort' --: 3.305
GRASS : <barəsman-> grass bundle used in the Indo-Iranian sacrifice --: 5.153
GREAT : <bərəzant-> 'high, elevated, lofty, big, great, clear' --: 5.177
GREAT : <maz-> 'large, great' --: 2.241, 3.427, 4.73
GROUND : <būna-> 'ground, base' --: 3.343
GROUND : <zam-> 'earth, ground' --: 6.54, 6.64
GROW : <raod> 'grow, sprout' --: 6.45, 6.66, 6.74, 6.218
GROW : <vaxš> 'grow' --: 6.104
GROW : <vaxšaya-> 'cause to grow' --: 6.36
GROWTH : <frāidi-> 'growth, prosperity' --: 3.288
GROWTH : <ruθma-> 'growth, increase' --: 6.72
GUIDING : <fradaxštā-> 'guiding, instructive' --: 6.203
HAIR : <gaona-> 'hair' --: 6.221
HAND : <zasta-> 'hand' --: 1.188, 2.172, 4.327
HARD : <xrūždra-> 'hard, firm' --: 4.187
HARM : <rašah-> 'harm, damage' --: 4.439
HARVEST : <haŋhuš-> 'profit, harvest' --: 3.192
HATE : <ṯbiš> 'hate, despise' --: 5.201, 5.207
HATRED : <dvaesa-> 'hatred' --: 1.104
HE : <a-> 'he, this' --: 2.6, 4.115
HE : <ha-> '(s)he, this' --: 1.71, 1.86, 1.129, 1.168, 1.175, 2.49, 2.66, 2.110, 2.125, 2.167, 2.170, 3.18, 3.43, 3.58, 3.109, 3.161, 3.260, 3.298, 3.424, 4.6, 4.88, 4.130, 4.337, 4.420, 4.451, 5.19, 5.114, 5.128, 5.137, 5.141, 6.109, 6.164
HE : <ta-> 'he, that, this' --: 3.258, 3.369, 3.440, 3.475
HEALTH : <drvatāt-> 'health, vitality' --: 5.198
HEAR : <guš> 'hear' --: 2.100
HEAR : <sru> 'hear, listen' --: 4.46, 4.94, 5.116, 5.143
HEARD : <srāvay-> 'cause to be heard' --: 2.123
HEAVEN : <asan-> 'stone, heaven' --: 4.188
HELP : <avah-> 'help, helping' --: 2.173
HELPING : <avah-> 'help, helping' --: 2.173
HENCEFORTH : <ahmaṯ> 'henceforth' --: 6.135
HERDSMAN : <vāstar-> 'herdsman' --: 1.39
HERDSMAN : <vāstrya-> 'herdsman; pasture' --: 1.46, 1.75, 2.39, 3.177
HERE : <aθra> 'here, there' --: 6.201, 6.215
HERE : <idā> 'here' --: 2.94
HIGH : <baršnu-> 'high point, peak' --: 6.37
HIGH : <barəz> 'high, exalted, loud' --: 6.191
HIGH : <bərəz-> 'be high, elevated' --: 6.42
HIGH : <bərəzant-> 'high, elevated, lofty, big, great, clear' --: 5.177
HIM : <ana-> 'him' --: 3.315, 3.383
HOLY : <spənta-> 'beneficent, holy, sacred' --: 2.68, 3.151, 4.185, 5.95, 6.202
HOMAGE : <vanta-> 'praise, homage' --: 5.139
HORSE : <aspa-> 'horse' --: 5.194
HORSE : <aspāna-> patronymic form of aspa- 'horse' --: 3.112
HORSES : <hita-> 'team of horses' --: 5.197
HOUSE : <nmāna-> 'abode, house' --: 6.137
HOW : <kaθā> 'how, in what way' --: 1.59
HOW : <yavaṯ> 'how long, as long as' --: 3.340
HOWL : <rud> 'howl, cry out, lament' --: 2.139
HOWL : <xruš> 'scream, howl' --: 3.397
HUMAN : <mašya-> 'human being' --: 1.157, 2.230, 4.426
HUNDRED : <sata-> 'hundred' --: 5.44
HUSBAND : <paiti-> 'husband, master' --: 3.176
HYMN : <staota-> 'hymn, song of praise' --: 4.20
HYMN : <yasna-> 'sacrifice, offering, hymn' --: 3.74, 5.117, 5.144
HYMNS : <carəkərəθra-> '(hymns of) praise' --: 2.122
IF : <hyaṯ> 'if, so, when' --: 1.70, 1.203, 2.124, 4.11, 4.419, 4.436
ILL : <banaya-> 'poison, make ill' --: 4.243
ILL-BEING : <ə̄nəiti-> 'ill-being, lack of freedom' --: 4.435
IMMORTAL : <fravaši-> the immortal element in a person, personified as a class of deity --: 5.96
IMPLEMENT : <āzhuš-> 'propulsion implement' --: 3.341
INCREASE : <ruθma-> 'growth, increase' --: 6.72
INDEED : <ahe> 'indeed, certainly' --: 5.111
INDEED : <cīṯ> 'indeed, verily, etc.' --: 2.26, 2.209
INDEED : <hi> 'indeed' --: 4.105
INDEED : <vā> 'indeed, for, etc.' --: 1.185
INDEED : <zi> 'for, indeed' --: 1.146, 2.36, 3.162, 3.259, 4.379, 5.61, 6.157
INDEFINITE : <ciθ> indefinite marker --: 1.148, 1.160
INDEFINITE : <ciṯ> gives indefinite or emphatic sense --: 5.26, 5.47, 6.5, 6.14, 6.113, 6.116, 6.119
INDICATES : <-ista-> indicates superlative --: 1.130, 3.5, 3.151, 3.427, 4.48, 4.156, 4.160, 4.174, 4.185, 4.187, 4.230, 5.82, 5.133
INDO-IRANIAN : <barəsman-> grass bundle used in the Indo-Iranian sacrifice --: 5.153
INQUIRE : <fras> 'inquire, discuss' --: 3.148, 5.55
INQUIRY : <frasā-> 'question, inquiry' --: 1.206
INSIGHT : <daēnā-> 'attitude, intention, insight' --: 3.46, 3.98, 3.204, 3.240, 5.58
INSIGHT : <vyāna-> 'insight, perception' --: 2.12
INSIGHT : <xraθwa-> 'power, will, insight' --: 3.150
INSTIGATE : <hak> 'instigate, strive for' -- with instrumental 'go after, follow, partake of' --: 6.161, 6.169
INSTRUCTION : <sāx^van-> 'doctrine, teaching, instruction' --: 3.215
INSTRUCTIVE : <fradaxštā-> 'guiding, instructive' --: 6.203
INSTRUMENTAL : <hak> 'instigate, strive for' -- with instrumental 'go after, follow, partake of' --: 6.161, 6.169
INTENTION : <daēnā-> 'attitude, intention, insight' --: 3.46, 3.98, 3.204, 3.240, 5.58
INTENTION : <mąθra-> 'formulaic verse, spell, poetic intention' --: 5.156
INTENTION : <xratu-> 'will, intention, vision' --: 6.10, 6.19
INTOXICANT : <haoma-> plant whose juice was used as a ritual intoxicant --: 5.151, 6.44, 6.61, 6.73, 6.103, 6.114, 6.117, 6.120, 6.145, 6.166, 6.219
INTOXICATION : <maδa-> 'intoxication' --: 6.167
INVITATION : <āvarəna-> 'invitation, choice' --: 4.59
INVOCATION : <sax^vār-> 'invocation, poetically formulated vow' --: 1.143
IRON : <ayah-> 'metal, iron' --: 4.284
JOIN : <yuj> 'join, unite, yoke' --: 4.394
JOY : <urvāza-> 'joy, bliss' --: 4.38
JUDGEMENT : <ratu-> 'judgement, model, plan' --: 1.62, 2.25
JUDGEMENT : <vīciδa-> 'decision, judgement' --: 4.60
JUICE : <haoma-> plant whose juice was used as a ritual intoxicant --: 5.151, 6.44, 6.61, 6.73, 6.103, 6.114, 6.117, 6.120, 6.145, 6.166, 6.219
JUST : <erezu-> 'straight, just' --: 3.95
JUST : <yaθa> 'just as, like' --: 1.174, 4.145, 4.283, 5.25, 5.43
JUSTLY : <ərəžəji-> 'living justly' --: 1.215, 3.480
KILL : <marək-> 'kill, destroy, bring ruin' --: 5.37
KILLING : <ganya-> 'slaying, killing, destroying' --: 6.122
KIND : <sareδa-> 'kind, sort, species' --: 6.217
KNOW : <man> 'know, think' --: 2.213
KNOW : <vid> 'see, know, obtain' --: 1.116, 2.10, 3.168, 3.239, 4.12, 4.313
KNOW : <xšnā> 'know' --: 2.243
KNOWING : <mairišṯa-> 'knowing/remembering best' --: 1.144
KNOWLEDGE : <cisti-> 'knowledge, thought' --: 4.368
LACK : <ə̄nəiti-> 'ill-being, lack of freedom' --: 4.435
LAMENT : <gərəz-> 'lament, complain' --: 1.8
LAMENT : <rud> 'howl, cry out, lament' --: 2.139
LARGE : <maz-> 'large, great' --: 2.241, 3.427, 4.73
LAST : <apə̄məm> 'last' --: 3.374, 4.147
LASTING : <utayūiti-> 'fresh, lasting, enduring' --: 4.268
LAUD : <stu> 'praise, laud, extol, celebrate' --: 6.9, 6.18, 6.31, 6.40, 6.53, 6.63, 6.110, 6.144
LEARN : <sac> 'learn, understand' --: 3.45, 4.422
LIBATIONS : <zaoθra-> 'libations' --: 5.120, 5.136, 5.147, 5.159
LIBERTY : <vasəiti-> 'liberty, prosperity' --: 3.467
LIE : <draoga-> 'lie, deceive' --: 5.81, 5.91, 5.103
LIE : <drəgvant-> 'possessor of the Lie' --: 1.90, 1.219, 3.313, 3.357, 4.157, 4.173, 4.438, 5.54, 5.64
LIFE : <ahu-> 'existence, life, breath' --: 3.318, 4.344, 6.12
LIFE : <aŋhu-> 'existence, life' --: 3.242, 4.148, 4.244
LIFE : <frajyāiṯi> 'life's possibility' --: 1.216
LIFE : <gaya-> 'life' --: 4.143
LIFE : <jyātu-> 'life' --: 3.465
LIFE : <yav-> 'duration, period, time of life' --: 3.32, 3.206
LIFE : <yavan-> 'during life' --: 2.166
LIGHT : <raocah-> 'light' --: 4.36
LIGHT : <sūca-> 'light, pure, clear' --: 4.50
LIKE : <vat-> 'like' --: 2.256
LIKE : <yaθa> 'just as, like' --: 1.174, 4.145, 4.283, 5.25, 5.43
LIKE-MINDED : <hazaoša-> 'like-minded' --: 2.55
LIKEWISE : <aθā> 'so, thus, likewise' --: 1.42, 1.171, 3.146, 3.274, 6.106
LISTEN : <sru> 'hear, listen' --: 4.46, 4.94, 5.116, 5.143
LIVING : <ərəžəji-> 'living justly' --: 1.215, 3.480
LOFTY : <bərəzant-> 'high, elevated, lofty, big, great, clear' --: 5.177
LOFTY : <ərəšva-> 'lofty' --: 1.120
LONG : <avant-> 'as much, so much, so long, such' --: 5.21, 5.23, 5.46
LONG : <darəga-> 'long' --: 4.437
LONG : <yavaṯ> 'how long, as long as' --: 3.340
LOOK : <vaēna-> 'see, observe, look' --: 4.49
LORD : <ahu-> 'lord' --: 2.22
LORD : <ahura-> 'lord' --: 1.88, 1.170, 1.190, 2.8, 2.51, 2.183, 2.251, 3.30, 3.99, 3.203, 3.462, 4.21, 4.199, 4.323, 4.353, 5.6, 5.28, 5.87
LOST : <nas> 'be lost, disappear' --: 3.304, 3.358, 6.132
LOUD : <barəz> 'high, exalted, loud' --: 6.191
LOWEST : <nitəma-> 'lowest' --: 6.113, 6.116, 6.119
LOWLY : <ādra-> 'lowly' --: 1.119
MADNESS-INDUCING : <maiδyah-> 'madness-inducing' --: 6.159
MAGIC : <maθra-> 'mantra, magic formula' --: 2.52
MAIDEN : <kainya-> 'maiden, girl' --: 3.217
MAKE : <banaya-> 'poison, make ill' --: 4.243
MAKE : <kar> 'do, make' --: 4.343, 6.134
MAKE : <vərəz> 'do, make, perform' --: 1.147, 1.159, 6.84
MALEFICENT : <duždā-> 'of bad gifts, maleficent' --: 4.120
MALICIOUS : <mairya-> 'false, malicious' --: 5.40
MAN : <nar-> 'man' --: 2.152, 3.273, 4.61, 4.62, 6.22
MAN-DEFILING : <xrūnar-> 'man-defiling' --: 3.408
MAN-KILLING : <jə̄nar-> 'man-killing' --: 3.407
MANIFEST : <ciθrəm> 'manifest, clear, visible, plain' --: 6.147
MANTRA : <maθra-> 'mantra, magic formula' --: 2.52
MANY : <pouru-> 'many' --: 6.217
MARE : <aspi-> 'mare' --: 5.73
MARKER : <ciθ> indefinite marker --: 1.148, 1.160
MARRY : <vaz> 'marry' --: 3.216
MASTER : <paiti-> 'husband, master' --: 3.176
METAL : <ayah-> 'metal, iron' --: 4.284
MILK : <gaoman-> 'possessed of milk' --: 6.220
MILK : <xšvid-> 'milk' --: 2.65
MIND : <manah-> 'mind' --: 2.79, 2.197, 2.226, 3.60, 3.133, 3.189, 3.193, 3.228, 3.230, 3.245, 4.24, 4.51, 4.102, 4.161, 4.231, 4.256, 4.312, 4.365, 4.398, 6.226
MITHRA : <Miθra-> 'Mithra' --: 5.12, 5.75, 5.118, 5.134, 5.145, 5.148, 5.169
MIX : <raēθa-> 'rush upon, mix with' --: 6.224
MODEL : <ratu-> 'judgement, model, plan' --: 1.62, 2.25
MORE : <-tara-> 'more, better' --: 6.111
MORTAL : <marəta-> 'mortal' --: 2.84, 4.245
MOST : <zrazdišta-> 'most believing' --: 3.342
MOTHER : <barəθri-> 'mother, womb' --: 6.59
MOTION : <ā> (conveys sense of reversal with verbs of motion) --: 3.297
MOTION : <šava-> 'drive forth, set in motion' --: 1.118
MOUNTAIN : <gairi-> 'mountain' --: 6.39, 6.41, 6.75
MOUNTAIN : <haraitī-> name of a mountain --: 6.189
MOUNTAIN : <paurvat-> 'mountain' --: 6.216
MOVEMENT : <x^viti-> 'well-being, freedom of movement' --: 4.434
MOVING : <carana-> 'moving, feet, support' --: 6.69
MUCH : <avant-> 'as much, so much, so long, such' --: 5.21, 5.23, 5.46
MY : <ma-> 'my' --: 1.199
NAME : <Armaiti-> name of a goddess = 'righteousness, devotion, piety' --: 3.152
NAME : <Spitāma-> 'Spitama' (clan name of Zarathustra) --: 2.109, 3.16, 3.85, 3.120, 5.8, 5.17, 5.42, 5.51
NAME : <haraitī-> name of a mountain --: 6.189
NEAR : <paiti> 'near, toward, with respect to' --: 1.106, 2.243, 4.79, 5.193, 5.202, 6.38, 6.76, 6.88, 6.91, 6.94, 6.190
NEAR : <upa> 'near, up on/to, etc.' --: 3.398, 4.227, 6.9, 6.18, 6.141, 6.144
NECK : <barəša-> 'neck, back' --: 5.192
NEEDY : <drigu-> 'needy, poor' --: 3.482
NO : <a> 'no, none' --: 4.354, 5.180
NO : <nōiṯ> 'no, none' --: 1.37, 1.102, 1.115, 1.214, 1.217, 2.20, 4.119, 4.212, 5.80, 5.90, 5.102
NONE : <a> 'no, none' --: 4.354, 5.180
NONE : <nōiṯ> 'no, none' --: 1.37, 1.102, 1.115, 1.214, 1.217, 2.20, 4.119, 4.212, 5.80, 5.90, 5.102
NOR : <naēda> 'not, nor' --: 2.24
NOT : <naēda> 'not, nor' --: 2.24
NOURISHMENT : <x^vareiti-> 'nourishment' --: 6.121
NOW : <nū> 'now' --: 2.252
NURTURE : <θwaxša-> 'zeal, care, nurture' --: 1.77
OBSERVE : <vaēna-> 'see, observe, look' --: 4.49
OBTAIN : <vid> 'see, know, obtain' --: 1.116, 2.10, 3.168, 3.239, 4.12, 4.313
OF : <hacā> 'from, out of' --: 2.27, 3.29, 3.284, 6.136
OFFER : <yam> 'offer' --: 3.297
OFFER : <yaz> 'sacrifice, offer' --: 5.115, 5.130, 5.135, 5.142, 5.150, 5.171, 5.190
OFFERING : <yasna-> 'sacrifice, offering, hymn' --: 3.74, 5.117, 5.144
OFFSPRING : <frazanti-> 'progeny, offspring' --: 5.99
ONE : <aēva-> 'one, alone' --: 2.21, 2.98
ONE : <mazda-> 'wise one' --: 1.142, 1.204, 2.9, 3.31, 3.71, 3.135, 3.201, 3.476, 4.203, 4.308, 4.352, 4.406,