Tocharian Online

This Master Glossary page lists, in an alphabetical order suitable to the language and the script employed for it, every unique word form that appears in lesson texts and, for each word, its unique glosses. In addition to the gloss information, sans contextual translation, links are provided to every appearance, in every numbered lesson, of the word/gloss in question. With this index one may perform a quick "word look-up" and, in addition, study how words are used in context by clicking on their links.

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aka:lk

noun; masculine nominative singular <aka:lk> wish -- 8.5

as'ra:mne

noun; masculine locative singular <as'ra:m> ashram, the abode of an ascetic -- 10.35

a:ktike

adjective; indeclinable <a:ketke, a:ktike> wonderful; (subst.) wonder, wonderful thing -- 7.25

a:jivike

noun; masculine nominative singular <a:jivi:ke> a Jainist religious mendicant -- 9.6

a:jivike

noun; masculine nominative singular <a:jivike> a Jainist religious mendicant -- 7.6

a:rttaln'e

abstract; masculine oblique singular <a:rttaln'e> pleasure, love -- 8.60

a:s'irva:t

noun; singular oblique <a:s'irva:t> benediction -- 8.25

ite

adjective; indeclinable <i:te> full -- 8.50

Indre

noun; masculine nominative singular <Indre> Indra (proper name of a god) -- 10.5

ipprer-ne

noun; masculine locative singular <iprer> sky, air -- 6.46

istak

adverb; <istak> suddenly -- 7.43

Upage

noun; masculine nominative singular <Upage> Upaga (proper name) -- 9.5

upage

noun; masculine nominative singular <upage> Upaga, a proper name -- 7.7

Upagentse

noun; masculine genitive singular <Upage> Upaga (proper name) -- 9.60

en`kuwa

preterite participle; feminine nominative plural <en`k-> take, grip, seize; conclude -- 10.100

enen`ka

adverb; <enen`ka> within, herein, among -- 6.36

epin`kte

noun; oblique singular <epin`kte> (adv.-postposition) within; between, among; (with nouns denoting periods of time) for; (noun) interval -- 10.30

epin`ktene

noun; neuter locative singular <epin`kte> (adv.-postposition) within; between, among; (with nouns denoting periods of time) for; meanwhile, in the meantime; (noun) interval -- 8.28

epe

conjunction; <epe> or; otherwise -- 10.49

erene

noun; masculine locative singular <ere> appearance, color (of complexion) -- 8.63

es.ern'a:na

adjective; feminine oblique plural <es.ern'e> related as sisters -- 9.7

etsuwai

adverb; <etsuwai> towards, near to -- 9.8

ais'amn'e

noun; neuter oblique singular <ais'amn'e> wisdom -- 7.58

ais'cer

verb present IX; 2 plural active <ai-> give -- 10.46, 10.55

aise

noun; masculine oblique singular <aise> power?; surplus, excess?; pot, bowl -- 8.43

aisemem.

noun; masculine ablative singular <aise> power?; surplus, excess?; pot, bowl -- 8.41

aiskem

verb present IX; 1 plural active <ai-> give -- 9.52, 10.71

on`karn'ai

noun; feminine oblique singular of <on`karn'o, on`korn'o> porridge, rice gruel -- 10.16, 10.98

on`ko

noun; feminine nominative singular <on`karn'o, on`korn'o> porridge, rice gruel -- 8.30

on`korn'(ai)

noun; feminine oblique singular of <on`karn'o, on`korn'o> porridge, rice gruel -- 6.6

on`korn'ai

noun; feminine oblique singular <on`karn'o, on`korn'o> porridge, rice gruel -- 7.22, 7.55, 8.11, 9.22, 9.50, 9.75

on`korn'o

noun; feminine nominative singular <on`karn'o, on`korn'o> porridge, rice gruel -- 9.35

olyapo

adverb; <olyapo> (adv.) more; (conj.) rather (than) -- 7.57

ostamem.

noun I 2; alternating ablative singular of <ost> house -- 9.13

ka

particle; <ka> (emphasizing particle) just; scarcely; already; only; (with adverbs of motion) very -- 9.19

kakka:ccuwa

preterite participle; feminine nominative plural <ka:tk-> rejoice, be glad -- 10.94

kartstsa

adjective I; feminine nominative singular <kartse, krent> (adj.) good, beautiful; (noun) good, welfare -- 8.64, 8.66, 8.68

kalas

verb imperative I; 2 plural active <käl-> lead, bring -- 10.85

kalla:lle

verb gerundive II; masculine nominative singular <kälp-> find, get, obtain, achieve -- 8.14

ka:rpa

verb preterite I; 3 singular active <ka:rp-> descend, come down, step down -- 10.6, 10.32

kärsta:tene

verb preterite I; 3 singular mediopassive <kärst-> cut off, cut down, terminate; tear; destroy utterly + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-ne> (enclitic oblique third person singular pronoun) -- 9.62

kekenusa

preterite participle; feminine nominative singular <kän-> come to pass (of a wish); be realized; (caus.) fulfill (a wish) -- 8.71

kentsa

noun; feminine perlative singular <kem.> earth, ground -- 6.45

kaus'

adverb; <kauc> high, up, above -- 6.16

kca

pronoun adjective; oblique <ksa> some, any -- 8.9

krenta

adjective I; feminine oblique plural <kartse, krent> (adj.) good, beautiful; (noun) good, welfare -- 8.69

ca:kkär

noun; nominative singular <ca:kkär> wheel; cakra, wheel as mystical symbol -- 6.32

ca:la

verb causal preterite II; 3 singular active <täl-> uphold, keep raised; (caus.) raise, lift; acquire -- 9.74

cisa

pronoun; masculine/feminine perlative singular <tuwe, yes> thou; you -- 10.67

ce

demonstrative pronoun; masculine oblique singular <se, sa:, te> this -- 10.47

celen'iyentär

verb imperfect; 3 plural mediopassive of <celen'n'-> appear -- 6.37

cau

demonstrative pronoun; masculine oblique singular of <su, sa:(u), tu> the; he, she, it -- 10.12

cau-k

demonstrative adjective; masculine oblique singular <su, sa:(u), tu> the; he, she, it + particle; <k(ä)> (emphasizing particle) -- 7.12

cwi

demonstrative pronoun; masculine genitive singular <su, sa:(u), tu> the; he, she, it -- 9.47, 10.54, 10.70

cwim

demonstrative pronoun; masculine genitive singular <sam(p), som(p), tam(p)> that (one) -- 10.83

n'i

pronoun; masculine/feminine genitive singular of <n'as', wes> I, me; (plural) we -- 10.45

n'i

pronoun; masculine/feminine genitive singular of <n'äs' (n'is')> I -- 9.18

n'is'

pronoun; masculine/feminine nominative singular of <n'äs' (n'is')> I -- 9.12

n'is'

pronoun; masculine/feminine singular nominative of <n'äs' (n'is')> I -- 8.12

n'issa

pronoun; masculine/feminine perlative singular of <n'as', wes> I, me; (plural) we -- 10.80

n'or

adverb; <n'or> below, beneath, under; down -- 10.11

n'n'issa

pronoun; masculine/feminine perlative singular of <n'as', wes> I, me; (plural) we -- 10.51

tan'

pronoun; masculine/feminine genitive singular <tuwe, yes> thou; you -- 9.36

tane

adverb; <tane, tne> here, there -- 7.8

tappre

adverb; <tapre> high; fat -- 6.15

tam-mem.

demonstrative pronoun; neuter ablative singular <sam(p), som(p), tam(p)> that (one) -- 7.9

taläs.s.en'ca

verb present participle causal; feminine nominative singular <täl-> uphold, keep raised; (caus.) raise, lift; acquire -- 8.61

ta:

demonstrative pronoun; feminine oblique singular <se, sa:, te> this -- 7.53, 8.10, 9.49

ta:(u)

demonstrative pronoun; feminine oblique singular of <su, sa:(u), tu> the; he, she, it -- 6.5

ta:ka

verb preterite I; 3 singular active <nes-> be, exist; (as auxiliary with past ptcple) have -- 7.24, 8.62

ta:kam.

verb subjunctive V; 3 plural active <nes-> be, exist; (as auxiliary with past ptcple) have -- 10.53, 10.69

ta:kam.

verb subjunctive V; 3 singular active <nes-> be, exist; (as auxiliary with past ptcple) have -- 9.44

ta:y

demonstrative pronoun; feminine genitive singular <se, sa:, te> this -- 9.77

ta:m.

demonstrative adjective; feminine oblique singular <sem., sa:m., tem.> this (one) -- 9.21

tem.

demonstrative adjective; neuter oblique singular <sem., sa:m., tem.> this (one) -- 8.27

totka

adjective; indeclinable <totka> few, little, short, small -- 6.21

totka

adverb; indeclinable <totka> few, little, short, small -- 10.33

toy

demonstrative pronoun; feminine nominative plural <se, sa:, te> this -- 9.32, 10.93

toyna

demonstrative adjective; feminine oblique plural <sem., sa:m., tem.> this (one) -- 7.38

daks.in.a:ke

adjective I 1; masculine nominative singular <daks.in.a:ke> worthy of sacrifice -- 9.17

daks.in.a:kem.

adjective I 1; masculine oblique singular <daks.in.a:ke> worthy of sacrifice -- 9.84

Nanda:bala

noun; feminine nominative singular <Nanda:bala> Nandabala (proper name) -- 9.76, 10.64

nandika:wart

noun; nominative singular <nandika:wart> nandikavarta (designation of a mystic diagram) -- 6.34

Na:nda

noun; feminine nominative singular <Na:nda> Nanda (proper name) -- 9.73, 10.63

nesau

verb present I; 1 singular active <nes-> be, exist; (as auxiliary with past ptcple) have -- 9.15

nai

particle; <nai> (intensifying particle) indeed, then, surely -- 10.84

no

enclitic conjunction; <no> (adversative) however, but; (al)though; (connective, in if-clauses) then -- 6.19

naumyes.s.e

adjective I; masculine oblique singular <naumiyes.s.e> pertaining to jewels, bejeweled -- 8.48

nta

particle; <nta> (intensifying particle, usu. in negative clauses) -- 6.20

parna

adverb; <parna> (adv., postposition) outside; (w. abl.) beyond, out from; (w. perl.) aside from; (prepos., postpos.) except, absent -- 6.23

palska

preterite I; 3 singular active <pälsk-> think about, consider -- 7.37

päksemane

present participle mediopassive; masculine nominative singular <päk-> (medp.) become ready for eating, cook, boil, ripen (intrans.); (act.) make ready for eating, cook, boil, ripen (trans.) -- 7.21

päs

particle; <päst> away, back; (also used with verbs with a perfectivizing force) -- 8.31

pi

particle; <pi> really, indeed (used to emphasize questions and commands) -- 8.8

pintwa:t

noun; masculine oblique singular <pintwa:t> alms -- 9.23, 9.51, 10.48

pinwa:t

noun; masculine oblique singular <pintwa:t> alms -- 10.20

pilycaln'ene

abstract; masculine locative singular <pilycaln'e> burning, inflammation; pain, torture, mortification; penance -- 9.40

purwar

verb imperative; 2 singular mediopassive <wärp-> partake; undergo, suffer, enjoy -- 10.18

pen'iyacce

adjective I; masculine oblique singular <pen'iyatstse> splendid -- 10.36

petes

verb imperative VI; 2 plural active <ai-> give -- 9.24

po

adverb; masculine singular nominative of <po> (indeclinable/declinable adj.) all, every, each, complete; (noun) everything, all -- 8.45

postäm.

adverb; <postäm.> (adv.) finally, afterwards; (indecl. adj.) latter -- 9.79

pyautka

verb preterite II; 3 singular active <pyutk-> establish, bring into being, create; (intrans.) become ready -- 8.32

präntsitär

verb imperfect; 3 singular mediopassive of <pränts-> spatter -- 6.24

bramn'ikte

noun; masculine nominative singular <Bra(h)m-näkte> (the god) Brahma -- 10.31

bramn'iktes'

noun; masculine allative singular <Bra(h)m-näkte> (the god) Brahma -- 10.73, 10.95

bha:jam.ne

noun; alternating locative singular <bha:jam.> vessel, pot -- 8.49

man`ka:läs.s.ana

adjective 1; feminine nominative plural <man`ka:läs.s.e> pertaining to good luck, bliss, health -- 6.47

man'u

noun; nominative singular <man'u> desire -- 9.61

mant

conjunction; <mant> so; thus -- 10.74

masa

preterite I /III; 3 sg act <i-> go, travel -- 7.29, 9.9, 9.65

mam.tstsas'

adverb; <mam.tstsas'> (with loc.) under(neath) -- 10.34

ma:

particle; <ma:> (simple negation and prohibition) not, no; (quasi-prefix) un- -- 6.18, 7.27, 8.46, 9.38

mäkte

conjunction; <mäkte> (comparative) as; (final) so, in order that; (causal) because; (temporal) as, while; (manner) how; (interrogative) how? -- 8.7

mutka:ntses'

noun; allative <mutka:ntse> (unit of liquid measure) -- 8.44

mutka:rene

verb preterite I; 3 plural active <mutk-> strengthen?; pour, spill + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-ne> (enclitic oblique third person singular pronoun) -- 8.42

memisku

preterite participle; masculine nominative singular <mäsk-> exchange -- 10.42

maitar

verb preterite I; 3 plural active <mit-> go; set out (as 'go' it provides preterite plural to i-) -- 9.81

maitare

verb preterite I; 3 plural active <mit-> go; set out (as 'go' it provides preterite plural to i-) -- 10.96

mya:skate

verb preterite II; 3 singular mediopassive <mäsk-> exchange -- 10.9

msa:ne

preterite I /III; 3 sg act <i-> go, travel + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-ne> (enclitic oblique third person singular pronoun) -- 9.80

yaknesa

noun; masculine perlative singular <yakne> way, manner, custom, habit; (as second member of a compound with a number) -fold -- 10.37

yinma:s.s.äm.

verb present X; 3 singular active <yäm-> achieve, obtain; reach -- 7.60

yey

verb imperfect; 3 singular active <i-> go, travel -- 8.24

yey

verb imperfect; 3 singular active of <i-> go, travel -- 6.17

yopar

verb preterite III; 3 plural active <yäp-> enter; set (of the sun); (caus.) cause to enter -- 9.82

yke-ne

noun; alternating locative singular <i:ke> place, location; position -- 7.13

yta:ri

noun; feminine oblique singular <yta:rye> road; way -- 9.64

ynemane

verb present participle mediopassive; masculine nominative singular <i-> go, travel -- 7.10

ylain'ikte

noun; masculine nominative singular <Ylain'äkte> Indra -- 10.39, 10.72

ysaparsa

adverb; <ysapar(sa)> near by -- 8.23

rano

conjunction; <rano> (joins clauses and independent sentences, usu. in second position) also, in addition; even though; (neither...) nor; however -- 6.22

ra:mate

verb preterite I; 3 singular mediopassive <ra:m-> compare -- 7.42

ritasi

verb; infinitive <rit-> direct (someone, with obl.); demand (something of someone, with obl. of thing and abl.); (medp.) seek, long for something/someone (with obl.); seek/long (to do something, with infin.) -- 9.85

rs.a:ka

noun; masculine vocative singular <rs.a:ke> sage, (inspired) seer -- 10.21

rs.a:kän'n'e

adjective I; masculine oblique singular <rs.a:kän'n'e> pertaining to a rshi -- 10.7, 10.40

rs.a:ke

noun; masculine nominative singular <rs.a:ke> sage, (inspired) seer -- 9.43, 10.79

rs.a:kem.

noun; masculine oblique singular <rs.a:ke> sage, (inspired) seer -- 9.87

rs.a:kem.ne

noun; masculine locative plural <rs.a:ke> sage, (inspired) seer -- 9.45

lala:lu

verb preterite participle; masculine nominative singular <la:l-> exert oneself, strive for; (caus.) tire (trans.), subjugate -- 9.41

lau

adverb; <lau> (with verbs of rest) afar; (with verbs of motion) far; very -- 7.26

laukito

noun; masculine nominative singular <laukito> stranger -- 9.42

lka:ln'esa

abstract; masculine perlative singular <lka:llän'n'e> sight, insight -- 8.59

lkoyentär

verb optative; 3 plural mediopassive <läk-> see; look at; catch sight of; visit -- 6.49

ltu

verb preterite participle; masculine nominative singular of <lä-n-t-> go out -- 9.14

lmos.

preterite participle; masculine nominative plural <s.äm-, läm-> sit; remain, be present; subside -- 10.13

lyaka:re

verb preterite I; 3 plural active <läk-> see; look at; catch sight of; visit -- 10.14

lyama

preterite I; 3 singular active <s.äm-, läm-> sit; remain, be present; subside -- 10.38

lya:ka

verb preterite I; 3 singular active <läk-> see, look at, catch sight of; visit -- 7.23

warttone

noun; masculine locative singular <wartto> forest -- 9.83

wärpauca

agent noun II 3; masculine nominative singular <wärpauca> partaker, one who partakes -- 9.16

wina:s.s.ar-ne

verb preterite IV; 3 plural active <wina:-sk-> honor, worship + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-ne> (enclitic oblique third person singular pronoun) -- 10.97

wen'a:-me-s'

verb preterite V; 3 singular active <we-> speak, say, tell; (medp.) be called + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-me> (enclitic pronoun referring to first, second, or thir persons plural) + particle; <-s'(c)> (allative case ending) -- 10.43, 10.76

wen'a:mes'

verb preterite V; 3 singular active <we-> speak, say, tell; (medp.) be called + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-me> (enclitic pronoun referring to first, second, or thir persons plural) + particle; <-s'(c)> (allative case ending) -- 9.10

wen'a:re

verb preterite V; 3 plural active <we-> speak, say, tell; (medp.) be called -- 10.65

wen'a:renes'

verb preterite V; 3 plural active <we-> speak, say, tell; (medp.) be called + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-ne> (enclitic oblique third person singular pronoun) + particle; <-s'(c)> (allative case ending) -- 9.33

werene

noun; masculine locative singular <were> smell -- 8.65

wes.

noun; masculine oblique singular <wes.> guise, appearance -- 10.8, 10.41

wes.s.i

verb imperfect; 3 singular active <we-> speak, say, tell; (medp.) be called -- 8.26

wes

pronoun; masculine/feminine nominative plural of <n'as', wes> I, me; (plural) we -- 9.48

wesanmem.

pronoun; masculine/feminine genitive plural <n'as', wes> I, me; (plural) we + enclitic; <-mem.> (ending of the ablative) -- 10.19

weskem.-ne-s'

verb present IX; 3 plural active <we-> speak, say, tell; (medp.) be called + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-ne> (enclitic oblique third person singular pronoun) + particle; <-s'(c)> (allative case ending) -- 10.101

wn'a:r-ne

verb preterite V; 3 plural active <we-> speak, say, tell; (medp.) be called + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-ne> (enclitic oblique third person singular pronoun) -- 10.17

wrocce

adjective; masculine oblique singular <orotstse, wrotstse> great, big, large -- 9.86

s'ama

verb preterite I; 3 singular active <käly-, stäm-> (intr.) stand, stay, stand still; last; (caus.) establish, fix (in place) -- 8.51

s'arsa

verb preterite I; 3 singular active <kärs-> know, understand, recognize -- 7.44

s'a:stär-mpa

noun; neuter commitative singular <s'a:stär> (sacred) book, shastra -- 7.40

s'ila:re-ne

verb preterite I; 3 plural active <käl-> lead, bring + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-ne> (enclitic oblique third person singular pronoun) -- 10.15

s'ukene

noun; alternating locative singular <s'u:ke> taste; sap; liquid, juice -- 8.67

s'uwam.

verb present V; 3 singular active <s'u-> eat (at); consume, devour -- 7.54

s'em

verb preterite VI; 3 singular active <käm-> come -- 7.11

s'pa:lmem.

adjective; indeclinable <s'pa:lmem.> superior, excellent -- 9.46, 10.52, 10.68, 10.81

s'wa:lya

verb gerundive I; feminine nominative singular <s'u-> eat (at); consume, devour -- 9.37

s'wa:tsi

verb; infinitive <s'u-> eat (at); consume, devour -- 8.13

s.

enclitic conjunction; <s.pä> and (conjoins both clauses and words) -- 7.28, 9.20

s.an'

adjective; indeclinable <s.an'> own (reflexive on the topic of the phrase or sentence); (n.) nature, characteristic -- 9.63

s.ad.ap-s.alywe-malkwerne

noun; locative singular <s.ad.ap-s.alywe-malkwer> (name of a meter of 4 by 18 syllables) -- 7.5

s.arnene

noun; masculine locative dual <s.ar> hand -- 10.99

s.e

adverb; <s.e, sana> (numeral adj.) one; same; some; (preposition/adverb) together -- 7.41

s.eym

verb imperfect; 1 singular active <nes-> be, exist; (as auxiliary with past ptcple) have -- 8.15

s.erpsa-me

verb preterite III; 3 singular active <s.ärp-> explain to, inform; teach; indicate, guide -- 10.75

s.ers'ka

noun; feminine nominative singular <s.ers'ka> (little) sister -- 9.78

s.ers'kana

noun; feminine vocative plural <s.ers'ka> (little) sister -- 9.11, 10.44, 10.77

s.otr-una

noun; neuter nominative plural of <s.otri> sign, mark, (manifestation of) action -- 6.35, 6.48

s.otruna

noun; neuter oblique plural of <s.otri> sign, mark, (manifestation of) action -- 7.39

s.otrunasa

noun; neuter perlative plural of <s.otri> sign, mark, (manifestation of) action -- 8.70

sam

demonstrative adjective; masculine nominative singular <sam(p), som(p), tam(p)> that (one) -- 10.78

sa:

demonstrative pronoun; feminine nominative singular <se, sa:, te> this -- 9.34

sa:(u)

demonstrative pronoun; feminine nominative singular <su, sa:(u), tu> the; he, she, it -- 8.29

su

demonstrative pronoun; masculine nominative singular <su, sa:(u), tu> the; he, she, it -- 7.59

se

demonstrative pronoun; masculine nominative singular <se, sa:, te> this -- 7.52, 10.50, 10.66

sta:m

noun; alternating oblique singular <sta:m> tree -- 10.10

ste

verb copula present; 3 singular active <nes-> be, exist; (as auxiliary with past ptcple) have -- 9.39, 10.82

snai

preposition; <snai> without -- 7.56, 10.29

sphari:räs.s.e

adjective I; masculine oblique singular <spharir> crystal -- 8.40

sran'ciyem.

verb imperfect; 3 plural active of <sränk-> boil -- 6.7

svastik

noun; nominative singular <svastik> swastika (a symbol denoting good luck) -- 6.33

tsän`ka:-ne

verb preterite I; 3 singular active <tsän`k-> rise, raise oneself up; stand up, arise + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-ne> (enclitic oblique third person singular pronoun) -- 8.6

tsuwa

verb preterite I; 3 singular active <tsu-> (act.) cohere, adhere; (medp.) adhere, stick, cling, attach oneself; (caus.) make cohere, add to -- 8.47