Tocharian Online

This Master Glossary page lists, in an alphabetical order suitable to the language and the script employed for it, every unique word form that appears in lesson texts and, for each word, its unique glosses. In addition to the gloss information, sans contextual translation, links are provided to every appearance, in every numbered lesson, of the word/gloss in question. With this index one may perform a quick "word look-up" and, in addition, study how words are used in context by clicking on their links.

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akālk

noun; masculine nominative singular <akālk> wish -- 8.5

aśrāmne

noun; masculine locative singular <aśrām> ashram, the abode of an ascetic -- 10.35

āktike

adjective; indeclinable <āketke, āktike> wonderful; (subst.) wonder, wonderful thing -- 7.25

ājivike

noun; masculine nominative singular <ājivike> a Jainist religious mendicant -- 7.6

ājivike

noun; masculine nominative singular <ājivīke> a Jainist religious mendicant -- 9.6

ārttalñe

abstract; masculine oblique singular <ārttalñe> pleasure, love -- 8.60

āśirvāt

noun; singular oblique <āśirvāt> benediction -- 8.25

ite

adjective; indeclinable <īte> full -- 8.50

Indre

noun; masculine nominative singular <Indre> Indra (proper name of a god) -- 10.5

ipprer-ne

noun; masculine locative singular <iprer> sky, air -- 6.46

istak

adverb; <istak> suddenly -- 7.43

Upage

noun; masculine nominative singular <Upage> Upaga (proper name) -- 9.5

upage

noun; masculine nominative singular <upage> Upaga, a proper name -- 7.7

Upagentse

noun; masculine genitive singular <Upage> Upaga (proper name) -- 9.60

eṅkuwa

preterite participle; feminine nominative plural <eṅk-> take, grip, seize; conclude -- 10.100

eneṅka

adverb; <eneṅka> within, herein, among -- 6.36

epiṅkte

noun; oblique singular <epiṅkte> (adv.-postposition) within; between, among; (with nouns denoting periods of time) for; (noun) interval -- 10.30

epiṅktene

noun; neuter locative singular <epiṅkte> (adv.-postposition) within; between, among; (with nouns denoting periods of time) for; meanwhile, in the meantime; (noun) interval -- 8.28

epe

conjunction; <epe> or; otherwise -- 10.49

erene

noun; masculine locative singular <ere> appearance, color (of complexion) -- 8.63

eṣerñāna

adjective; feminine oblique plural <eṣerñe> related as sisters -- 9.7

etsuwai

adverb; <etsuwai> towards, near to -- 9.8

aiśamñe

noun; neuter oblique singular <aiśamñe> wisdom -- 7.58

aiścer

verb present IX; 2 plural active <ai-> give -- 10.46, 10.55

aise

noun; masculine oblique singular <aise> power?; surplus, excess?; pot, bowl -- 8.43

aisemeṃ

noun; masculine ablative singular <aise> power?; surplus, excess?; pot, bowl -- 8.41

aiskem

verb present IX; 1 plural active <ai-> give -- 9.52, 10.71

oṅkarñai

noun; feminine oblique singular of <oṅkarño, oṅkorño> porridge, rice gruel -- 10.16, 10.98

oṅko

noun; feminine nominative singular <oṅkarño, oṅkorño> porridge, rice gruel -- 8.30

oṅkorñ(ai)

noun; feminine oblique singular of <oṅkarño, oṅkorño> porridge, rice gruel -- 6.6

oṅkorñai

noun; feminine oblique singular <oṅkarño, oṅkorño> porridge, rice gruel -- 7.22, 7.55, 8.11, 9.22, 9.50, 9.75

oṅkorño

noun; feminine nominative singular <oṅkarño, oṅkorño> porridge, rice gruel -- 9.35

olyapo

adverb; <olyapo> (adv.) more; (conj.) rather (than) -- 7.57

ostameṃ

noun I 2; alternating ablative singular of <ost> house -- 9.13

ka

particle; <ka> (emphasizing particle) just; scarcely; already; only; (with adverbs of motion) very -- 9.19

kakkāccuwa

preterite participle; feminine nominative plural <kātk-> rejoice, be glad -- 10.94

kartstsa

adjective I; feminine nominative singular <kartse, krent> (adj.) good, beautiful; (noun) good, welfare -- 8.64, 8.66, 8.68

kalas

verb imperative I; 2 plural active <käl-> lead, bring -- 10.85

kallālle

verb gerundive II; masculine nominative singular <kälp-> find, get, obtain, achieve -- 8.14

kārpa

verb preterite I; 3 singular active <kārp-> descend, come down, step down -- 10.6, 10.32

kärstātene

verb preterite I; 3 singular mediopassive <kärst-> cut off, cut down, terminate; tear; destroy utterly + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-ne> (enclitic oblique third person singular pronoun) -- 9.62

kekenusa

preterite participle; feminine nominative singular <kän-> come to pass (of a wish); be realized; (caus.) fulfill (a wish) -- 8.71

kentsa

noun; feminine perlative singular <keṃ> earth, ground -- 6.45

kauś

adverb; <kauc> high, up, above -- 6.16

kca

pronoun adjective; oblique <ksa> some, any -- 8.9

krenta

adjective I; feminine oblique plural <kartse, krent> (adj.) good, beautiful; (noun) good, welfare -- 8.69

cākkär

noun; nominative singular <cākkär> wheel; cakra, wheel as mystical symbol -- 6.32

cāla

verb causal preterite II; 3 singular active <täl-> uphold, keep raised; (caus.) raise, lift; acquire -- 9.74

cisa

pronoun; masculine/feminine perlative singular <tuwe, yes> thou; you -- 10.67

ce

demonstrative pronoun; masculine oblique singular <se, sā, te> this -- 10.47

celeñiyentär

verb imperfect; 3 plural mediopassive of <celeññ-> appear -- 6.37

cau

demonstrative pronoun; masculine oblique singular of <su, sā_u, tu> the; he, she, it -- 10.12

cau-k

demonstrative adjective; masculine oblique singular <su, sā_u, tu> the; he, she, it + particle; <k(ä)> (emphasizing particle) -- 7.12

cwi

demonstrative pronoun; masculine genitive singular <su, sā_u, tu> the; he, she, it -- 9.47, 10.54, 10.70

cwim

demonstrative pronoun; masculine genitive singular <sam(p), som(p), tam(p)> that (one) -- 10.83

ñi

pronoun; masculine/feminine genitive singular of <ñaś, wes> I, me; (plural) we -- 10.45

ñi

pronoun; masculine/feminine genitive singular of <ñäś (ñiś)> I -- 9.18

ñiś

pronoun; masculine/feminine nominative singular of <ñäś (ñiś)> I -- 9.12

ñiś

pronoun; masculine/feminine singular nominative of <ñäś (ñiś)> I -- 8.12

ñissa

pronoun; masculine/feminine perlative singular of <ñaś, wes> I, me; (plural) we -- 10.80

ñor

adverb; <ñor> below, beneath, under; down -- 10.11

ññissa

pronoun; masculine/feminine perlative singular of <ñaś, wes> I, me; (plural) we -- 10.51

tañ

pronoun; masculine/feminine genitive singular <tuwe, yes> thou; you -- 9.36

tane

adverb; <tane, tne> here, there -- 7.8

tappre

adverb; <tapre> high; fat -- 6.15

tam-meṃ

demonstrative pronoun; neuter ablative singular <sam(p), som(p), tam(p)> that (one) -- 7.9

taläṣṣeñca

verb present participle causal; feminine nominative singular <täl-> uphold, keep raised; (caus.) raise, lift; acquire -- 8.61

tā

demonstrative pronoun; feminine oblique singular <se, sā, te> this -- 7.53, 8.10, 9.49

tā_u

demonstrative pronoun; feminine oblique singular of <su, sā_u, tu> the; he, she, it -- 6.5

tāka

verb preterite I; 3 singular active <nes-> be, exist; (as auxiliary with past ptcple) have -- 7.24, 8.62

tākaṃ

verb subjunctive V; 3 plural active <nes-> be, exist; (as auxiliary with past ptcple) have -- 10.53, 10.69

tākaṃ

verb subjunctive V; 3 singular active <nes-> be, exist; (as auxiliary with past ptcple) have -- 9.44

tāy

demonstrative pronoun; feminine genitive singular <se, sā, te> this -- 9.77

tāṃ

demonstrative adjective; feminine oblique singular <seṃ, sāṃ, teṃ> this (one) -- 9.21

teṃ

demonstrative adjective; neuter oblique singular <seṃ, sāṃ, teṃ> this (one) -- 8.27

totka

adjective; indeclinable <totka> few, little, short, small -- 6.21

totka

adverb; indeclinable <totka> few, little, short, small -- 10.33

toy

demonstrative pronoun; feminine nominative plural <se, sā, te> this -- 9.32, 10.93

toyna

demonstrative adjective; feminine oblique plural <seṃ, sāṃ, teṃ> this (one) -- 7.38

dakṣiṇāke

adjective I 1; masculine nominative singular <dakṣiṇāke> worthy of sacrifice -- 9.17

dakṣiṇākeṃ

adjective I 1; masculine oblique singular <dakṣiṇāke> worthy of sacrifice -- 9.84

Nandābala

noun; feminine nominative singular <Nandābala> Nandabala (proper name) -- 9.76, 10.64

nandikāwart

noun; nominative singular <nandikāwart> nandikavarta (designation of a mystic diagram) -- 6.34

Nānda

noun; feminine nominative singular <Nānda> Nanda (proper name) -- 9.73, 10.63

nesau

verb present I; 1 singular active <nes-> be, exist; (as auxiliary with past ptcple) have -- 9.15

nai

particle; <nai> (intensifying particle) indeed, then, surely -- 10.84

no

enclitic conjunction; <no> (adversative) however, but; (al)though; (connective, in if-clauses) then -- 6.19

naumyeṣṣe

adjective I; masculine oblique singular <naumiyeṣṣe> pertaining to jewels, bejeweled -- 8.48

nta

particle; <nta> (intensifying particle, usu. in negative clauses) -- 6.20

parna

adverb; <parna> (adv., postposition) outside; (w. abl.) beyond, out from; (w. perl.) aside from; (prepos., postpos.) except, absent -- 6.23

palska

preterite I; 3 singular active <pälsk-> think about, consider -- 7.37

päksemane

present participle mediopassive; masculine nominative singular <päk-> (medp.) become ready for eating, cook, boil, ripen (intrans.); (act.) make ready for eating, cook, boil, ripen (trans.) -- 7.21

päs

particle; <päst> away, back; (also used with verbs with a perfectivizing force) -- 8.31

pi

particle; <pi> really, indeed (used to emphasize questions and commands) -- 8.8

pintwāt

noun; masculine oblique singular <pintwāt> alms -- 9.23, 9.51, 10.48

pinwāt

noun; masculine oblique singular <pintwāt> alms -- 10.20

pilycalñene

abstract; masculine locative singular <pilycalñe> burning, inflammation; pain, torture, mortification; penance -- 9.40

purwar

verb imperative; 2 singular mediopassive <wärp-> partake; undergo, suffer, enjoy -- 10.18

peñiyacce

adjective I; masculine oblique singular <peñiyatstse> splendid -- 10.36

petes

verb imperative VI; 2 plural active <ai-> give -- 9.24

po

adverb; masculine singular nominative of <po> (indeclinable/declinable adj.) all, every, each, complete; (noun) everything, all -- 8.45

postäṃ

adverb; <postäṃ> (adv.) finally, afterwards; (indecl. adj.) latter -- 9.79

pyautka

verb preterite II; 3 singular active <pyutk-> establish, bring into being, create; (intrans.) become ready -- 8.32

präntsitär

verb imperfect; 3 singular mediopassive of <pränts-> spatter -- 6.24

bramñikte

noun; masculine nominative singular <Bra(h)m-näkte> (the god) Brahma -- 10.31

bramñikteś

noun; masculine allative singular <Bra(h)m-näkte> (the god) Brahma -- 10.73, 10.95

bʰājaṃne

noun; alternating locative singular <bʰājaṃ> vessel, pot -- 8.49

maṅkāläṣṣana

adjective 1; feminine nominative plural <maṅkāläṣṣe> pertaining to good luck, bliss, health -- 6.47

mañu

noun; nominative singular <mañu> desire -- 9.61

mant

conjunction; <mant> so; thus -- 10.74

masa

preterite I /III; 3 sg act <i-> go, travel -- 7.29, 9.9, 9.65

maṃtstsaś

adverb; <maṃtstsaś> (with loc.) under(neath) -- 10.34

mā

particle; <mā> (simple negation and prohibition) not, no; (quasi-prefix) un- -- 6.18, 7.27, 8.46, 9.38

mäkte

conjunction; <mäkte> (comparative) as; (final) so, in order that; (causal) because; (temporal) as, while; (manner) how; (interrogative) how? -- 8.7

mutkāntseś

noun; allative <mutkāntse> (unit of liquid measure) -- 8.44

mutkārene

verb preterite I; 3 plural active <mutk-> strengthen?; pour, spill + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-ne> (enclitic oblique third person singular pronoun) -- 8.42

memisku

preterite participle; masculine nominative singular <mäsk-> exchange -- 10.42

maitar

verb preterite I; 3 plural active <mit-> go; set out (as 'go' it provides preterite plural to i-) -- 9.81

maitare

verb preterite I; 3 plural active <mit-> go; set out (as 'go' it provides preterite plural to i-) -- 10.96

myāskate

verb preterite II; 3 singular mediopassive <mäsk-> exchange -- 10.9

msāne

preterite I /III; 3 sg act <i-> go, travel + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-ne> (enclitic oblique third person singular pronoun) -- 9.80

yaknesa

noun; masculine perlative singular <yakne> way, manner, custom, habit; (as second member of a compound with a number) -fold -- 10.37

yinmāṣṣäṃ

verb present X; 3 singular active <yäm-> achieve, obtain; reach -- 7.60

yey

verb imperfect; 3 singular active <i-> go, travel -- 8.24

yey

verb imperfect; 3 singular active of <i-> go, travel -- 6.17

yopar

verb preterite III; 3 plural active <yäp-> enter; set (of the sun); (caus.) cause to enter -- 9.82

yke-ne

noun; alternating locative singular <īke> place, location; position -- 7.13

ytāri

noun; feminine oblique singular <ytārye> road; way -- 9.64

ynemane

verb present participle mediopassive; masculine nominative singular <i-> go, travel -- 7.10

ylaiñikte

noun; masculine nominative singular <Ylaiñäkte> Indra -- 10.39, 10.72

ysaparsa

adverb; <ysapar(sa)> near by -- 8.23

rano

conjunction; <rano> (joins clauses and independent sentences, usu. in second position) also, in addition; even though; (neither...) nor; however -- 6.22

rāmate

verb preterite I; 3 singular mediopassive <rām-> compare -- 7.42

ritasi

verb; infinitive <rit-> direct (someone, with obl.); demand (something of someone, with obl. of thing and abl.); (medp.) seek, long for something/someone (with obl.); seek/long (to do something, with infin.) -- 9.85

rṣāka

noun; masculine vocative singular <rṣāke> sage, (inspired) seer -- 10.21

rṣākäññe

adjective I; masculine oblique singular <rṣākäññe> pertaining to a rshi -- 10.7, 10.40

rṣāke

noun; masculine nominative singular <rṣāke> sage, (inspired) seer -- 9.43, 10.79

rṣākeṃ

noun; masculine oblique singular <rṣāke> sage, (inspired) seer -- 9.87

rṣākeṃne

noun; masculine locative plural <rṣāke> sage, (inspired) seer -- 9.45

lalālu

verb preterite participle; masculine nominative singular <lāl-> exert oneself, strive for; (caus.) tire (trans.), subjugate -- 9.41

lau

adverb; <lau> (with verbs of rest) afar; (with verbs of motion) far; very -- 7.26

laukito

noun; masculine nominative singular <laukito> stranger -- 9.42

lkālñesa

abstract; masculine perlative singular <lkālläññe> sight, insight -- 8.59

lkoyentär

verb optative; 3 plural mediopassive <läk-> see; look at; catch sight of; visit -- 6.49

ltu

verb preterite participle; masculine nominative singular of <lä-n-t-> go out -- 9.14

lmoṣ

preterite participle; masculine nominative plural <ṣäm-, läm-> sit; remain, be present; subside -- 10.13

lyakāre

verb preterite I; 3 plural active <läk-> see; look at; catch sight of; visit -- 10.14

lyama

preterite I; 3 singular active <ṣäm-, läm-> sit; remain, be present; subside -- 10.38

lyāka

verb preterite I; 3 singular active <läk-> see, look at, catch sight of; visit -- 7.23

warttone

noun; masculine locative singular <wartto> forest -- 9.83

wärpauca

agent noun II 3; masculine nominative singular <wärpauca> partaker, one who partakes -- 9.16

wināṣṣar-ne

verb preterite IV; 3 plural active <winā-sk-> honor, worship + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-ne> (enclitic oblique third person singular pronoun) -- 10.97

weñā-me-ś

verb preterite V; 3 singular active <we-> speak, say, tell; (medp.) be called + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-me> (enclitic pronoun referring to first, second, or thir persons plural) + particle; <-ś(c)> (allative case ending) -- 10.43, 10.76

weñāmeś

verb preterite V; 3 singular active <we-> speak, say, tell; (medp.) be called + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-me> (enclitic pronoun referring to first, second, or thir persons plural) + particle; <-ś(c)> (allative case ending) -- 9.10

weñāre

verb preterite V; 3 plural active <we-> speak, say, tell; (medp.) be called -- 10.65

weñāreneś

verb preterite V; 3 plural active <we-> speak, say, tell; (medp.) be called + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-ne> (enclitic oblique third person singular pronoun) + particle; <-ś(c)> (allative case ending) -- 9.33

werene

noun; masculine locative singular <were> smell -- 8.65

weṣ

noun; masculine oblique singular <weṣ> guise, appearance -- 10.8, 10.41

weṣṣi

verb imperfect; 3 singular active <we-> speak, say, tell; (medp.) be called -- 8.26

wes

pronoun; masculine/feminine nominative plural of <ñaś, wes> I, me; (plural) we -- 9.48

wesanmeṃ

pronoun; masculine/feminine genitive plural <ñaś, wes> I, me; (plural) we + enclitic; <-meṃ> (ending of the ablative) -- 10.19

weskeṃ-ne-ś

verb present IX; 3 plural active <we-> speak, say, tell; (medp.) be called + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-ne> (enclitic oblique third person singular pronoun) + particle; <-ś(c)> (allative case ending) -- 10.101

wñār-ne

verb preterite V; 3 plural active <we-> speak, say, tell; (medp.) be called + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-ne> (enclitic oblique third person singular pronoun) -- 10.17

wrocce

adjective; masculine oblique singular <orotstse, wrotstse> great, big, large -- 9.86

śama

verb preterite I; 3 singular active <käly-, stäm-> (intr.) stand, stay, stand still; last; (caus.) establish, fix (in place) -- 8.51

śarsa

verb preterite I; 3 singular active <kärs-> know, understand, recognize -- 7.44

śāstär-mpa

noun; neuter commitative singular <śāstär> (sacred) book, shastra -- 7.40

śilāre-ne

verb preterite I; 3 plural active <käl-> lead, bring + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-ne> (enclitic oblique third person singular pronoun) -- 10.15

śukene

noun; alternating locative singular <śūke> taste; sap; liquid, juice -- 8.67

śuwaṃ

verb present V; 3 singular active <śu-> eat (at); consume, devour -- 7.54

śem

verb preterite VI; 3 singular active <käm-> come -- 7.11

śpālmeṃ

adjective; indeclinable <śpālmeṃ> superior, excellent -- 9.46, 10.52, 10.68, 10.81

śwālya

verb gerundive I; feminine nominative singular <śu-> eat (at); consume, devour -- 9.37

śwātsi

verb; infinitive <śu-> eat (at); consume, devour -- 8.13

ṣ

enclitic conjunction; <ṣpä> and (conjoins both clauses and words) -- 7.28, 9.20

ṣañ

adjective; indeclinable <ṣañ> own (reflexive on the topic of the phrase or sentence); (n.) nature, characteristic -- 9.63

ṣaḍap-ṣalywe-malkwerne

noun; locative singular <ṣaḍap-ṣalywe-malkwer> (name of a meter of 4 by 18 syllables) -- 7.5

ṣarnene

noun; masculine locative dual <ṣar> hand -- 10.99

ṣe

adverb; <ṣe, sana> (numeral adj.) one; same; some; (preposition/adverb) together -- 7.41

ṣeym

verb imperfect; 1 singular active <nes-> be, exist; (as auxiliary with past ptcple) have -- 8.15

ṣerpsa-me

verb preterite III; 3 singular active <ṣärp-> explain to, inform; teach; indicate, guide -- 10.75

ṣerśka

noun; feminine nominative singular <ṣerśka> (little) sister -- 9.78

ṣerśkana

noun; feminine vocative plural <ṣerśka> (little) sister -- 9.11, 10.44, 10.77

ṣotr-una

noun; neuter nominative plural of <ṣotri> sign, mark, (manifestation of) action -- 6.35, 6.48

ṣotruna

noun; neuter oblique plural of <ṣotri> sign, mark, (manifestation of) action -- 7.39

ṣotrunasa

noun; neuter perlative plural of <ṣotri> sign, mark, (manifestation of) action -- 8.70

sam

demonstrative adjective; masculine nominative singular <sam(p), som(p), tam(p)> that (one) -- 10.78

sā

demonstrative pronoun; feminine nominative singular <se, sā, te> this -- 9.34

sā_u

demonstrative pronoun; feminine nominative singular <su, sā_u, tu> the; he, she, it -- 8.29

su

demonstrative pronoun; masculine nominative singular <su, sā_u, tu> the; he, she, it -- 7.59

se

demonstrative pronoun; masculine nominative singular <se, sā, te> this -- 7.52, 10.50, 10.66

stām

noun; alternating oblique singular <stām> tree -- 10.10

ste

verb copula present; 3 singular active <nes-> be, exist; (as auxiliary with past ptcple) have -- 9.39, 10.82

snai

preposition; <snai> without -- 7.56, 10.29

spʰarīräṣṣe

adjective I; masculine oblique singular <spʰarir> crystal -- 8.40

srañciyeṃ

verb imperfect; 3 plural active of <sränk-> boil -- 6.7

svastik

noun; nominative singular <svastik> swastika (a symbol denoting good luck) -- 6.33

tsäṅkā-ne

verb preterite I; 3 singular active <tsäṅk-> rise, raise oneself up; stand up, arise + enclitic pronoun; indeclinable <-ne> (enclitic oblique third person singular pronoun) -- 8.6

tsuwa

verb preterite I; 3 singular active <tsu-> (act.) cohere, adhere; (medp.) adhere, stick, cling, attach oneself; (caus.) make cohere, add to -- 8.47