The University of Texas at Austin; College of Liberal Arts

Jonathan Slocum, Interim Director :: PCL 5.112, 1 University Station S5490 :: Austin, TX 78712 :: 512-471-4566

A. Richard Diebold Center for Indo-European Language and Culture

Indo-European Linguistics

Proto-Indo-European Roots

PIE */H/

Laryngeal */H₁, H₂, H₃/

Entries in the table below show Proto-Indo-European (PIE) roots, rendered as etyma where a reconstructed laryngeal phoneme */H/ appears in initial or final position with a contiguous vowel (before > after "coloring"). Each root is linked to a page showing the PIE etymon (spelled, per Pokorny, without laryngeals using the vowels E A O) and Indo-European reflexes thereof.

Note: etyma as spelled on this page have been rendered in ISO-8859-1, but PIE links lead to pages rendered in Unicode 3 -- with other renderings available via links there. [Unicode pages generally render Pokorny's etyma and non-English text more faithfully than is possible in ISO-8859-1, so they are much preferred.]

		Initial Position		Final Position
		PIE H₁ed- > H₁ed- 'to eat'		PIE dheH₁- > dheH₁- 'to put, place'
		PIE H₂ep- > H₂ap- 'water, river'		PIE steH₂- > staH₂- 'to stand'
		PIE H₃ewi-s > H₃owi-s 'sheep'		PIE deH₃- > doH₃- 'to give, donate'

		Initial Position		Final Position
		PIE H₁ed- > H₁ed- 'to eat'		PIE dheH₁- > dheH₁- 'to put, place'
		PIE H₂ep- > H₂ap- 'water, river'		PIE steH₂- > staH₂- 'to stand'
		PIE H₃ewi-s > H₃owi-s 'sheep'		PIE deH₃- > doH₃- 'to give, donate'

Indo-European Linguistics

Proto-Indo-European Roots

PIE */H/

Laryngeal */H1, H2, H3/

Laryngeal */H₁, H₂, H₃/