The table below lists Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etyma adapted from Julius Pokorny's book, Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (Bern: Francke, 1959, 1989). Entry head-words are listed, with their page numbers and cross-references to other entries (following Pokorny) plus our own English glosses; for more information, the reader is referred to the book. Some misprints in Pokorny have been corrected, including repairs to diacritics and missing, incorrect, or extraneous homograph numbers.
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In our table, cross-references under "See also" may include IE links to our own lists of more modern Indo-European reflexes -- words derived from the ancient Proto-Indo-European etyma. IE reflex lists are under active construction (see our IE Lexicon home page): they are subject to change at any time, and might possibly exhibit errors not yet corrected. See our Language Index page for links from reflexes (listed by IE language) to their PIE etyma.
| Pokorny entry | See also | English gloss | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | a | IE | (an exclamation) |
| 1 | ab- | IE | water, river |
| abel-, abol-, abel- | IE | apple | |
| 2 | abh- | IE | swift, quick, abrupt |
| 2 | abhro- | IE | strong, mighty |
| abo(n) | IE | ape, monkey | |
| 3 | 1. ad- | IE | at, by, to |
| 3 | 2. ad- | IE | to fix, put in order |
| 3 | ades-, ados- | IE | spelt (type of grain) |
| 4 | ad(u)-, ad-ro- | current, water course | |
| ag- | IE | to lead, drive, agitate | |
| ag- | goat | ||
| 7 | agh- | animal that may bear young | |
| 7 | agher-, aghen-, aghes-, or ogher etc. | IE | day, dawn |
| agh- | IE | to ail, fear, be depressed | |
| 8 | agh-(lo-) | disgusting, unpleasant | |
| 8 | aghl(u)- | dark cloud; rainy weather | |
| 8 | agos- | IE | sin, guilt; fault, blemish |
| agro-, egro-? | first, highest; apex, beginning | ||
| 9 | agro-s | IE | field, acre |
| 9 | agu(e)si, aksi | IE | axe |
| 9 | aguh-no-s | IE | lamb |
| 10 | 1. ai | (an exclamation) | |
| 10 | 2. ai- | to drive, close in; harm, overwhelm | |
| 10 | 3. ai- | IE | to give |
| ai-ti-, ai-to-, oi-to- | IE | part, portion | |
| 11 | 4. ai- | IE | to burn, shine |
| 11 | 5. ai- : oi- | IE | oath, significant speech |
| 11 | aid- | to swell; strong | |
| ai-dh-, i-dh-, nasalized i-n-dh- | IE | to burn, shine | |
| 12 | aier-, aien- | IE | day(light), morning |
| 13 | aig- | IE | goat |
| 13 | 1. aig-, nasalized ing- | IE | ill, sick; depressed, dispirited |
| 13 | 2. aig- | IE | oak |
| 3. aig- | IE | to swing, vibrate, move violently | |
| 14 | aiguh- | IE | to be ashamed |
| a(i)gh- : igh- | to need, desire | ||
| 15 | aik- : ik- | IE | pike, spear, spit |
| 15 | aik- | IE | to call to |
| aios- | IE | ore, metal (copper, bronze, iron) | |
| 16 | ai-ra | (type of grass) | |
| 16 | 1. ais- | IE | to wish, desire, ask/search for |
| 16 | 2. ais- | IE | to respect, worship, be in awe |
| aisk- | IE | clear, bright, shining | |
| 17 | ai-tro- | sharp, bitter | |
| aiu-, aiu- | IE | vitality, life force | |
| 18 | 1. ak-, ako- | to eat | |
| 2. ak-, ok- | IE | sharp, acute, angular; stone | |
| 23 | akka | mama (nursery word) | |
| 23 | akru | tear(drop) | |
| 23 | aku- | to hurt, damage | |
| 23 | akua-, more accurately ukua, eku- | IE | aqua, water, river |
| 1. al-, ol- | IE | beyond; other, alien | |
| 2. al- | IE | to grow, nourish, enhance | |
| 3. al- | IE | to roam, wander; be crazy/confused | |
| 28 | 4. al- | to burn | |
| 5. al- | IE | to mill, grind | |
| 29 | 6. al-, alou- : aluu- | white, gleaming | |
| 29 | ala | IE | hello! (greeting) |
| 29 | albhi- | barley | |
| albho- | IE | white, albino | |
| aldh- | trough | ||
| 32 | aleq- | IE | to protect, ward off |
| 32 | algh- | IE | cold, frost, algidity |
| alguh- | IE | to gain, earn; price, value | |
| 33 | alp- | small, weak | |
| 33 | alu-, alo- | a bitter plant? | |
| alu-, alu-d-, alu-t- | IE | bitter; ale, beer | |
| ambhi, mbhi | IE | around, at both sides | |
| 35 | 1. am-, me- | IE | to grab, seize |
| 35 | 2. am-, me- | IE | to mow |
| 35 | amer-, amor, amr | IE | day |
| ames-, or omes- | IE | blackbird: merl, ousel | |
| 36 | amu- | to proceed energetically; firm up; suffer | |
| 36 | am(m)a, ami | IE | mama, amah (nursery word) |
| 1. an- | IE | relative, ancestor | |
| 2. an- | IE | there, other side | |
| 3. an(u)- | IE | to breathe, respire, animate | |
| 4. an-, anu, ano, no | IE | on, along, over there | |
| andh-, anedh- | IE | to sprout, bloom, blossom; herb, anther | |
| 41 | andher-, ndher- | stem, spike | |
| 41 | andho- | IE | blind, dark, somber |
| anut- | IE | duck, solan | |
| 42 | anuta, enuta | IE | anta, doorpost |
| angh- | IE | tight, narrow, anguished; to constrict | |
| 43 | anghen- | scent, smell, odor; person | |
| angu(h)i- | IE | eel, worm, snake, serpent | |
| 45 | 1. ank- | IE | force; need, necessity |
| 2. ank-, ang- | IE | to flex, bend, angle | |
| 47 | ano- | IE | ring, annulus |
| 47 | ans- | IE | favorable, well inclined |
| 48 | ansa, ansi- | IE | noose, snare; ansa, handle |
| 48 | ansu-, nsu- | IE | ghost, spirit, demon |
| ant-s | IE | brow, front, anterior | |
| 50 | antro-m | IE | cave, hollow |
| 1. ap-, more accurately up- : ep- | IE | to take, reach, grasp | |
| 2. ap- | IE | water, river | |
| 52 | 3. ap-, ap- | old, fragile; harm, damage | |
| 52 | appa | papa (nursery word) | |
| 52 | apelo- | IE | strength |
| 53 | apero- | IE | shore, bank (of river) |
| apo-, po, ap-u, pu | IE | off, out of, away from | |
| 55 | apsa | IE | aspen (tree) |
| 1. ar-, thematic (a)re-, heavy-base aru-, re-, and i-base (a)ri-, rei- | IE | to fit, suit | |
| 61 | 2. ar-, or er- | IE | to share, distribute |
| 61 | 3. ar- | nut | |
| 62 | 4. ar, er, or?, r | IE | now, therefore; (interrogative particle) |
| 62 | 5. ar- | to deny, refuse, renounce | |
| ar(u)- | IE | to ear, plow | |
| 63 | ardh- | pole, stake | |
| 63 | ardi-, rdi- | tip, point, edge | |
| 64 | areg- | to lock, shut away | |
| ar(e)-g-, arg-?, rgi- | IE | white, argent, glittering | |
| areq- | IE | to lock, guard, protect | |
| arenko- | IE | (type of grain?) | |
| 67 | ario-? | IE | host, lord, master |
| arqu- | IE | arc, arch, something bent | |
| 68 | arod-, arud- | (type of waterbird) | |
| 68 | aro-m | reed? | |
| 68 | arua | intestines? | |
| as-, based on it azd-, azg(h)- | IE | to burn, glow; ash | |
| 69 | ast(h)- | bone | |
| 69 | at- | IE | to go; year, annum |
| 69 | at(e)r- | IE | fire |
| 70 | *ati-, ateli- | (type of fish) | |
| ati, ato- | IE | over, beyond | |
| 71 | atos, atta | IE | daddy, mommy (nursery word) |
| 71 | 1. au- | IE | ow! (exclamation of pain) |
| 72 | 2. au-, au-es-, au-s- | to sleep, stay overnight | |
| 3. au-, aue, ue- | IE | down, away from | |
| 4. au-, u- : ue-, uo- | IE | other; that (one) | |
| 5. au-, aue- | IE | to plait, weave | |
| 6. au-, aued- | IE | to speak | |
| 7. au-, aue-, auei- | IE | to like, help | |
| 78 | 8. au-, auei- | IE | to perceive, understand, be aware of |
| 9. au(e)-, aued-, auer- | IE | to wet, flow, sprinkle; water, river, etc. | |
| 10. au(e)-, aue(i)-, ue- | IE | to vent, blow | |
| 84 | 11. aue-, (ue-d(h)-?) | IE | to strain, take pains |
| aueg-, uog-, aug-, ug- | IE | to augment, increase, magnify | |
| 86 | auei-, uuei-? | IE | bird, avifauna |
| aues- | IE | to shine | |
| 87 | aug- | IE | to shine, gleam, glitter |
| 87 | augh-, ugh- | nape of the neck | |
| 88 | auig- | oats; type of grass | |
| 88 | auqu(h)- : uqu(h)-, probably also uequ(h)- | IE | cooking pot |
| au-lo-s : eu-l- | IE | tube, pipe, aulos | |
| 89 | auo-s | IE | maternal grandfather |
| 90 | aus- | IE | to draw (water); scoop, ladle |
| 91 | baxb-, bhaxbh-, paxp- | IE | to swell |
| baba- | IE | babble, babbling, unclear speech | |
| 92 | badios | IE | bay, brown; gold, yellow |
| baita, or paita? | IE | goatskin; cloak, mantle | |
| 93 | bak- | IE | stick, staff; to hit, peg |
| 93 | bal-, balbal- | to dance, shake, whirl | |
| 93 | bal-bal- | babbling, unclear speech | |
| baxmb- | (type of noise) | ||
| baxmb-, bhaxmbh-, paxmp-, phaxmph- | to swell | ||
| 95 | band- | IE | drop (of liquid)? |
| 95 | bar-bar- | babbling, unclear speech | |
| 95 | bata- | babble, murmur, meaningless stuttering | |
| 95 | bau | IE | bow-wow (onomatopoeic: dog barking) |
| 95 | bdel- | to suck | |
| 96 | be, ba | baa (onomatopoeic: sheep bleating) | |
| 96 | bed- | IE | to swell |
| 96 | 1. bel- | to cut off, cut out | |
| 96 | 2. bel- | IE | strong |
| bend-, bnd-no- | IE | spike, needle, tip jutting out | |
| 1. b(e)u-, bh(e)u- | IE | (onomatopoeic: dull noise) | |
| 2. b(e)u-, bh(e)u- | IE | to boil, swell, puff up | |
| 102 | bis-(t)li- | gall | |
| 102 | blat- | to chat, prattle | |
| 102 | ble- | to bleat | |
| 102 | blou-, bhlou-?, plou- | IE | flea |
| 103 | bol- | IE | bulb, tuber |
| 103 | brangh-, brongh-? | hoarse? | |
| 103 | breuq- | to jump | |
| 103 | bronk- | IE | to lock, shut in |
| 103 | bu- | IE | lip; kiss, buss |
| 1. bha-, bho-, bhu- | IE | to shine, glisten | |
| 2. bha- | IE | to speak | |
| 106 | bhabha | IE | bean |
| 106 | bhad- | IE | good, better |
| 107 | 1. bhag- | IE | to divide, apportion |
| 107 | 2. bhag- | sharp | |
| bhagó-s | IE | beech (tree) | |
| 108 | bhagh- | bog, swamp, lowland | |
| 108 | bhaghú-s | IE | elbow, forearm |
| bhar- : bhor- : bhr- | IE | burr, stubble; something jutting out | |
| 109 | bharu- | IE | (fir) tree, forest |
| bhares-, bhores- | IE | point, bristle, stubble (with formants) | |
| 110 | bhardha | IE | beard |
| bhareku-, or bhereku- | IE | to farce, stuff full | |
| 111 | bhares- | IE | barley |
| 111 | bhasko- | IE | heap, bundle, fascicle |
| 111 | bhaso-, or bheso- | (large bird of prey) | |
| bhat- : bhut- | IE | to bat, hit | |
| 112 | 1. bhau- : bhu- | IE | to hit, beat |
| 112 | 2. bhau- | to shine, glisten | |
| 1. b(h)e, and b(h)egh | IE | beside, outside, without | |
| 113 | 2. bhe, bho | IE | (emphatic particle) |
| 113 | bhe-, bho- | IE | to warm, bake, roast, fry |
| 113 | bhebhru-, bhebhro- | glittering; bright brown | |
| 1. bhedh- | IE | to dig, stab, pierce, embed | |
| 114 | 2. bhedh- | IE | to flex, bend, crook |
| bheg-, bheng- | IE | to bang, break, smash | |
| 115 | bhegh- : bhogh- | to resist, dispute | |
| 116 | bhegu- | IE | to flee, run away |
| 116 | bhei- | IE | bee (insect) |
| bheid- | IE | to bite, prick, pierce, split | |
| 117 | 1. bheidh- | IE | to force; advise, confide, encourage |
| 117 | 2. bheidh- | to bind, plait | |
| bhei(u)-, bhi- | IE | to hit | |
| 118 | bheigu- | IE | to shine, glitter? |
| 1. bhel-, Balto-Slavic also bhelu- | IE | glittering white | |
| 120 | 2. bhel- | henbane | |
| 3. bhel-, bhle- | IE | to grow, spread, swell, inflate | |
| 122 | 4. bhel-, and bhle-, bhlo-, bhlu- | IE | leaf, foil, blade; bloom |
| 5. bhel-, chiefly with suffixes: bhelug-, bhelu-n-g-, bheleg-, bhlk- | IE | balk, beam, rafter | |
| 6. bhel- | IE | to speak, bell, bellow, resound | |
| 124 | bh(e)lag- | weak, silly, ridiculous | |
| 124 | bheld- | IE | to hit, poke |
| bheleg- | IE | to shine, glisten | |
| 125 | bheleu- | IE | to hit, weaken; ill, weak |
| bhelgh- | IE | to swell, bulge, billow | |
| 126 | bhen- | IE | to hit, wound |
| bhend- | to sing, rejoice | ||
| 127 | bhendh- | IE | to tie, bind |
| bhengh-, bhngh-, adj. bhnghú-s | IE | fat, thick, dense | |
| 1. bher- | IE | to bear, bring, carry | |
| 2. bher- | IE | to boil, swell, well up | |
| 3. bher- | IE | to bore, cut, scrape, use sharp tool | |
| 4. bher- | IE | to hum, buzz | |
| 5. bher- | IE | shining; bright brown | |
| 137 | 6. bher- | IE | to cook, bake, fry, roast |
| 7. bher- | to plait, weave | ||
| 138 | bheredh-, bhrdho- | IE | to cut; board |
| bhereg- | IE | (onomatopoeic: to bark, cry, roar, etc.) | |
| bherug-, bhreg- | IE | to shine; bright, white | |
| bheregh-, bherghos- | IE | high, noble; barrow, mountain | |
| bheruk-, bhrek- | IE | to shine, glitter | |
| 142 | 1. bherem- | IE | to stand out; brim, edge, hem |
| 2. bherem- | IE | to hum, buzz, drone | |
| 143 | bheres- | IE | quick, festinate |
| bh(e)reu- : bh(e)ru- | IE | to brew, boil, surge, be wild | |
| 145 | bhergh- | IE | to keep, hide, bury |
| 145 | bherug-, bhrug-, bhorg- | throat | |
| 1. bhes- | IE | to spread, smear, rub on | |
| 146 | 2. bhes- | IE | to blow, breathe |
| bheu-, bheuu-, bhua-, bhue- : bhou- : bhu- | IE | to be, exist; grow, prosper | |
| bheudh-, nasalized bhu-n-dh- | IE | to awaken, be aware | |
| 152 | 1. bheug- | IE | to flee, escape, seek refuge |
| 152 | 2. bheug-, bheugh- | to free, put away | |
| 3. bheug-, bheugh- | IE | to bow, flex, bend, crook | |
| 153 | 4. bheug- | IE | to enjoy |
| 153 | bhidh- | pot, vat, cauldron | |
| bhili-, bhilo- | IE | good, friendly, harmonious | |
| 154 | bhlag- | IE | to hit, flog, flail |
| 154 | bhlagh-men- | IE | priest, flamen, wizard |
| bhle- | IE | to bleat, weep, howl | |
| 155 | bhled-, bhld- | IE | to boil, bubble up; boast, chatter |
| 155 | bhlegu- | IE | to swell, become bloated |
| 1. bhlei- : bhlui- : bhli- | IE | to shine, glitter | |
| 156 | 2. bhlei- | IE | to swell, burst, blow up |
| bhleig-, bhlig- | IE | to shine, glitter | |
| 157 | bhleiq- | to shine, glitter | |
| bhlendh- | IE | dim, pale, blond, reddish | |
| 158 | bhles- | IE | to shine, glitter |
| bhleu- | IE | to bloat, swell, blow up; flow | |
| 159 | 1. bhleu- : bhluu- : bhlu- | IE | to shine, glitter |
| 159 | 2. bhleu- : bhluu- : bhlu- | IE | bad, weak, miserable |
| bhleu-(k-) | IE | to burn | |
| 160 | bhle-uo-s | IE | a light color (blue, yellow) |
| 160 | bhleus- | mild, weak | |
| 160 | bhluido-s | pale, light | |
| bhlig- : *bhleig- | IE | to hit, strike, inflict | |
| 161 | bhlok- | IE | flock, tow, wool; cloth? |
| 161 | bhlos-q- | (onomatopoeic: to bark, cry, roar, etc.) | |
| 161 | bhog- | IE | beck, flowing water |
| 161 | bhogh-, or bhagh- | IE | bog, swamp, lowland |
| bhoi- : bhui- : bhi-, bhiiu- | IE | to fear, be afraid | |
| 162 | bhok- | IE | to burn? |
| 162 | bholo- | mist, smoke, steam? | |
| 163 | bhorguo-s | gruff, unfriendly | |
| 163 | bhoso-s | IE | bare, naked |
| 163 | bhoudhi- | victory | |
| 163 | bhoukuos | a buzzing insect | |
| 163 | bhrag-, better bhru-g- | IE | to scent, smell |
| bhrater- | IE | brother, family member | |
| 164 | bhred(h?)- | to wade, wander | |
| 165 | 1. bhreg- | IE | to break |
| 166 | 2. bhreg- | IE | to stick up |
| bhrei-, bhri- | IE | to fray, pierce, cut with sharp tool | |
| 167 | bhren- | IE | to bulge, stick out; edge, brink |
| bhrendh- | IE | to sprout, swell up | |
| 168 | bhrenk-, bhronk- | IE | to bring |
| 168 | bhre(n)k- | to err, be ensnared | |
| bhren-to-s | deer, horned animal | ||
| 169 | bhres- | IE | to burst, break |
| 169 | bhreu-, bhreu-d- | IE | to swell, sprout |
| 169 | 1. bhreu-, bhru- | IE | to break, cut, pierce |
| 170 | 2. bhreu-, bhru- | edge | |
| 170 | bhreu-k- | IE | to strike, throw |
| 1. bhreu-s- | IE | to swell, sprout | |
| 171 | 2. bhreu-s- | IE | to bruise, break to pieces |
| 3. bhreus-, bhrus- | IE | to boil, sound, etc. | |
| 172 | bhroisqo-, bhrisqo- | bitter | |
| 1. bhru- | IE | brow, eyebrow | |
| 173 | 2. bhru-, bhreu- | IE | beam, bridge |
| 173 | bhrug- | IE | fruit; to brook, enjoy |
| 174 | bhrugh-no- | twig | |
| 174 | bhudh-m(e)n | IE | base, ground, bottom, fundament |
| 174 | bhugo-s, familiar form bhukko-s | IE | buck, goat |
| 175 | da- | IE | fluid; river; to flow |
| da : du-, and dai- : dui-, di- | IE | to share, divide | |
| 179 | daiuer, genitive daiurés | IE | brother-in-law |
| 179 | dakru- | IE | tear (from the eye) |
| dau-, duu-, du- | IE | to burn, injure, torment | |
| 181 | *dugh-mó- | slanting | |
| de-, do- | IE | I-deictic; here | |
| 183 | de- : du-, and dei-, di- | IE | to tie, bind |
| 183 | deg- | IE | to take, grab, pack? |
| 1. dei-, deiu-, di-, dia- | IE | to shine, glitter; day, sun; god, deity | |
| 187 | 2. deiu-, dia-, diu-, di- | IE | to move, spin, swing |
| deigh- | IE | to itch, prick; tick | |
| deik- | IE | to teach, show | |
| 1. dek- | IE | to take | |
| 191 | 2. dek- : dok-, dek- | IE | to tear, rip to pieces |
| dekm, dekm-t, deku- | IE | ten, decade | |
| 193 | 1. del- | IE | to tell, count, calculate |
| 2. del- | to shake, totter | ||
| 3. del-, dol-, delu- | IE | to split, divide | |
| 196 | 4. del- | IE | to rain, dribble |
| 5. del- | IE | long | |
| dem-, demu- | IE | to build, timber; house, domicile | |
| demu-, domu-, domu- | IE | to tame | |
| 201 | demel- | worm? | |
| 201 | denk- | IE | to bite |
| 1. dens- | IE | to learn; mental power | |
| 2. dens- | IE | dense | |
| 203 | deph- | IE | to push, stamp, thrust |
| 203 | 1. der- : dor-, der-, or dor- : dur- | IE | hand span |
| 2. der-, reduplicated der-der-, drdor-, broken reduplication dor-d-, dr-d- | IE | (onomatopoeic: to mutter, grumble) | |
| 3. der-, dra-, dreb-, drem-, dreu- | IE | to run, trip, tread, tramp | |
| 4. der-, heavy-base deru-, dre- | IE | to cut, skin, split, tear | |
| derbh- | IE | to wind, put together | |
| 212 | der(ep)- | IE | to see? |
| 212 | deru-, dra- | IE | to work |
| dergh- | IE | to grasp | |
| 213 | derk- | IE | to look |
| deru-, doru-, dr(e)u-, drou-, dreuu- : dru- | IE | firm, solid; tree, wood | |
| 217 | des-, des- | to find | |
| 1. deu- | IE | to sink in, plunge into | |
| 2. deu-, or dou- : du- | IE | to worship, venerate; mighty | |
| 3. deu-, deuu-, dua-, du- | IE | to pass, move forward | |
| deuk- | IE | to tug, pull, drag, tow | |
| deup- : kteup-? | (onomotopoeic: dull thud) | ||
| 222 | dugh-mó-s | slanting | |
| 222 | digh- | IE | goat |
| 222 | dip-ro-, dip-era | sacrificial animal | |
| 222 | dlkú- | IE | sweet, dulcet |
| 223 | dnghu, dnghua | IE | tongue |
| do- : du-, also do-u- : duu- : du- | IE | to give, donate | |
| 226 | dous- | arm | |
| 226 | dre- : dru-, extended dr-em- | IE | to sleep |
| dregh- | vexed, displeased, unwilling | ||
| 227 | dumb-, dumbh-? | IE | tail, penis |
| 227 | dus- | IE | bad, foul, evil |
| duei- | IE | to fear | |
| duo(u) | IE | two, duo | |
| 233 | 1. dhabh-, nasalized dhamb(h)- | IE | to be speechless, astonished; to dab, be touched, affected |
| 2. dhabh- | IE | to fix, suit; proper | |
| 234 | dhal- | IE | to bloom, be green |
| 234 | dhanu-, or dhonu- | IE | (type of tree) |
| 235 | dhau- | IE | to press, strangle |
| 235 | 1. dhe-, reduplicated dhe-dh(e)- | IE | older family member (nursery word) |
| 2. dhe- | IE | to do, put, place, set | |
| 239 | 3. dhe-, dhu- | IE | to disappear, pass away |
| 239 | dheb- | IE | fat, thick, heavy |
| 240 | dhebh-, dhebh-eu- | IE | to harm, injure |
| dheguh- | IE | to burn | |
| dhe(i)-, also dh-ei-? | IE | to suck, suckle | |
| 243 | dheiu- : dhia- : dhi- | IE | to look, see, show |
| dheigu- : dhoigu- : dhigu- | IE | to dig, plant, stab, stick | |
| dheigh- | IE | to build, knead clay | |
| 1. dhel-, dholo- | IE | curve; dell, hollow | |
| 246 | 2. dhel- | IE | to light; shining |
| 246 | 3. dhel- | IE | to tremble |
| 246 | dhelbh- | IE | to dig, delve, bury |
| 247 | dhelg- | IE | to stab, stick; needle |
| 247 | dhelgh-, dhelg- | IE | to hit |
| dhem-, dhemu- | IE | to blow, fly about like dust | |
| dhembh-, dhmbh- | IE | to dig | |
| 249 | 1. dhen- | IE | to flow, run |
| 249 | 2. dhen- | IE | flat of hand, surface of land, etc. |
| 3. dhen- | IE | to hit, ding, push, thrust | |
| 250 | 1. dhengh- | IE | to press, cover |
| 250 | 2. dhengh- | IE | to get, grip, reach |
| 1. dher-, dheru- | IE | dirt, dreg, some type of deposit | |
| 2. dher-, dheru- | IE | to hold, support | |
| 3. dher-, dhereu-, dhren- | IE | (onomatopoeic: to drone, growl, purr, etc.) | |
| 256 | 4. dher- : dhor- : dher- | IE | to jump (at) |
| 256 | 5. dher-, dhrei-d- | IE | to defecate; dirt |
| 257 | dheragh- | IE | to drag, pull |
| 257 | dherbh-, dherubh-? | IE | to work |
| dherebh- | IE | to harden; coagulated | |
| 258 | dheregh- | bushy plants | |
| 258 | dheregh-, dhrgh-na- | IE | to turn, wind |
| 259 | dhers- | IE | to dare, be bold |
| 259 | dhes-, dhus- | IE | (used in religious terms) |
| 1. dheu- | IE | to flow, run | |
| 2. dheu-, dhu-ei- | IE | to die, faint, vanish | |
| 261 | 3. dheu- | to shine brightly | |
| 4. dheu-, dheuu-, presumably dhue-, compare suffixes dhue-k-, dhue-s- | IE | to blow, dissipate, fly about like dust, etc. | |
| dheu-b-, dheu-p- | IE | deep, hollow | |
| 268 | dheubh-, dhubh- | IE | peg, wedge |
| dheues-, dhues-, dheus-, dhus- | IE | to blow, dissipate, fly about like dust, etc. | |
| 271 | dheugh- | IE | to milk, press, touch |
| 271 | dhlas-, or dhels- : dhls- | to press, squeeze; squash? | |
| dhlgh- | IE | debt, guilt, duty | |
| 272 | dho- | to sharpen | |
| 272 | dho[u]- : dhu- | rope? | |
| dhrebh- | IE | to drub, crush, grind to pieces | |
| 273 | dhreg- | IE | to pull |
| 273 | 1. dhregh- | IE | to run |
| 2. dhregh- | IE | to hurt, torment | |
| 274 | dhreibh- | IE | to drive, push, thrust |
| dhreu- | IE | to grind, crumble | |
| 275 | 1. dhreugh- | to shake, tremble | |
| 276 | 2. dhreugh- | IE | to harm, deceive |
| 276 | dhrigh-, or dhreikh- | hair, bristle | |
| dhrono- | multicolored? | ||
| 277 | dhug(h)uter- | IE | daughter |
| 277 | dhuen-, dhun- | IE | to hum, drone |
| 277 | dhuer-, dhueru- | to harm by trickery/deception | |
| dhuer-, dhuor-, dhur-, dhur- | IE | door | |
| 279 | dhuergh- : drugh- | IE | crippled, dwarf-like, low in stature |
| 1. e, o | IE | (particle: he, this, etc.) | |
| 281 | 2. e, o | IE | oh (vocative interjection) |
| 3. e-, ei-, i-, fem. i- | IE | (demonstrative particle: one, this, etc.) | |
| 287 | ebhi? : obhi : bhi | from, around, (up) to, etc. | |
| ed- | IE | to eat | |
| 1. edh- | tip, point | ||
| 290 | 2. edh- | IE | fence of stakes |
| 290 | eg- | IE | lack (of something) |
| eg-, og-, ug- | IE | to say, speak | |
| 291 | eg-, eg(h)om, ego | IE | ego, I (pronoun) |
| eghero- | IE | (inland) lake | |
| 292 | eghi- | hedgehog | |
| eghs, eghz | IE | from, out of, ex- | |
| 293 | egnis : ognis | IE | fire |
| 293 | ehem, eheu, eho | IE | aha! oho! (exclamation) |
| 1. ei- | IE | to go, exit | |
| 297 | 2. ei | O (vocative particle) | |
| 3. ei- | IE | bright; reddish | |
| 298 | 4. ei- : oi- | IE | pole, stake |
| 298 | eibh- : oibh-, iebh- | IE | to copulate |
| 298 | eig-, oig- | IE | to lament, complain |
| eik- | IE | to own, possess, be capable | |
| 1. eis- | IE | to move rapidly/violently | |
| 301 | 2. ei-s-, ei-n- | IE | ice, frost |
| ekuo-s | IE | horse | |
| 1. el-, ol-, el- | IE | red, brown | |
| 2. el- | to lie, recline | ||
| 305 | 3. el- : ol- | to rot, be moldy | |
| 306 | 4. el-, ol- | IE | (a noise) |
| 306 | 5. el-, ol- | IE | to destroy |
| 6. el-, elu- : la-, el-eu-(dh-) | IE | to go, move, drive | |
| 307 | 7. el-, elu-, with k-suffix elk-, eluk- | IE | hungry; bad? |
| 8. el-, elei-, lei-, olina | IE | to bend; elbow | |
| el- | IE | line, strip | |
| 310 | ela | IE | awl, bodkin |
| 310 | elg- | poor, needy | |
| 310 | elk-, eluk- | hungry; bad? | |
| 310 | elkos- | IE | boil, abscess |
| em- | IE | to take | |
| 311 | embhi-, empi- | bee, gnat, mosquito | |
| 1. en | IE | in | |
| 314 | 2. en- | IE | year |
| 314 | en | behold! look here! | |
| 1. enebh-, embh-, ombh-, nobh-, nebh-?, mbh- | IE | navel | |
| 2. enebh- : nebh-, embh-, mbh- | IE | wet, damp; cloud, nimbus; water | |
| enek-, nek-, enk-, nk- | IE | to reach, obtain | |
| 318 | eneu, enu | IE | without |
| e-neuen, neun, enun | IE | nine | |
| 319 | engu-, nguén | IE | bump, swelling |
| eno-, possibly e-no- : ono- : no- : -ne- | IE | that | |
| 321 | en(o)mn-, (o)nomn, nomn | IE | name |
| enos-, or onos- | IE | onus, burden | |
| 322 | enq-, onq- | to sigh, groan | |
| 322 | ent-, better ant-? | to weave | |
| 323 | epero- | wild boar | |
| epi, opi, pi | IE | at, near, epi- | |
| 325 | epi- | comrade, companion | |
| 325 | epop, opop | (onomatopoeic: call of hoopoe bird) | |
| 325 | eph- | to cook | |
| 1. er-, or- | IE | erne, eagle | |
| 326 | 2. er-, eri- | goat, sheep | |
| 3. er- : or- : r- | IE | to move, set in motion | |
| 332 | 4. er-, er-t-, er-u- | IE | earth |
| 5. er-, eru-, thematic (e)r-e- | IE | loose, crumbly | |
| 333 | ereb-, orob-, rob- | to drill, make holes, hollow out | |
| 334 | ereb(h)-, orob(h)- | IE | (dark color, reddish brown) |
| 334 | ered- | to flow away; dampness | |
| 335 | eregu(h)o-, erogu(h)o- | IE | pea, legume |
| 335 | 1. erek-, er[e]gh- | tick, mite, louse | |
| 335 | 2. er(e)k-, rek-, rok- | to tear, cut, split | |
| 335 | 1. eres- | to stab, pierce | |
| 2. ere-s-, ers-, rs-, eres-, and res-, ros- | IE | to flow | |
| 337 | 1. ereu- | IE | to ask, seek |
| 338 | 2. ereu- | to tear, rip up | |
| 338 | 1. eru-, re-, er(e)- | IE | to row; oar |
| 2. eru-, re- | IE | to rest, be still | |
| 339 | er(u)d-, (er(u)d-), er(u)dh- | IE | high; to grow |
| 339 | ergh- | IE | to shake, tremble |
| 340 | erku- | to beam, shine; to praise | |
| 340 | ers- : orsos | IE | tail; arse, rump, backside |
| es- | IE | is, to be | |
| 342 | esu-s : su- | IE | good, able |
| es- | IE | to sit | |
| 343 | es-en-, os-en- | IE | summer, harvest time |
| 343 | es-r(gu), genitive es-n-és | IE | blood |
| 343 | et(e)n- | seed, grain | |
| 344 | eter- | IE | intestines |
| 344 | eti | IE | out, beyond, etc. |
| 345 | eti- | IE | eider (duck) |
| 345 | et-mén- | IE | breath |
| 345 | etro- | IE | quick, swift, hurried |
| 1. eu-, euu- : ua-, uu- | IE | to lack, want; empty, vacant | |
| 346 | 2. eu- | IE | to dress, put on |
| 346 | 3. eu- | to feel | |
| 347 | 4. eu- | (exclamation of joy) | |
| 347 | eudh-, oudh-, udh- | IE | udder |
| 347 | euk- | IE | to accustom oneself, be used to |
| eus- | IE | to burn | |
| 348 | eueguh- | IE | to praise, worship, avow, speak formally |
| 349 | gab- | to show, watch out for | |
| 349 | gag-, gog- | IE | something round/lumpy |
| 1. gal- | IE | bald, callow, naked | |
| 2. gal- | IE | to call, cry | |
| 351 | 3. gal-, or ghal- | IE | to be able |
| 351 | gan(dh)- | vessel | |
| 352 | gang- | IE | to mock, scorn |
| 352 | gar- | IE | to call, cry |
| 353 | garug- | grim, grievous, dreadful | |
| 353 | gau- | IE | to rejoice, be glad |
| 353 | gebh- | bough, branch, stick | |
| 354 | gegh-, gogh- | branch, bush; picket | |
| gei- | IE | to bend, turn | |
| 355 | ge(i)- : go(i)- : gi- | to cry, sing | |
| gei-, gi- | IE | to sprout | |
| 356 | geid- | IE | to stab; kittle, tickle |
| 356 | geid- | to suck | |
| 356 | geig- | to bite, prick, stab | |
| 356 | geis- | gravel | |
| 1. gel- | IE | to curl, form into ball; round | |
| 365 | 2. gel-, and guel- | IE | to glut, devour, envelop |
| 3. gel(u)- | IE | cool, cold; to keel, freeze | |
| gel-, gelu-, gle-, also *gelei- : g(e)lui- | IE | bright; to shine, be joyful | |
| 367 | gelebh- | IE | to flay, scrape |
| 367 | geli-, gli- | mouse | |
| g(e)lou- | IE | sister-in-law | |
| gem- | IE | to grasp, grip; be full | |
| 369 | gembh-, gmbh-, gombhos | IE | to bite; tooth |
| gem(e)- | IE | to marry | |
| gen- | IE | to pinch, press together, etc. | |
| 1. gen-, genu-, gne-, gno- | IE | to bear, produce, generate | |
| 2. gen-, genu-, gne-, gno- | IE | to ken, know, recognize | |
| genebh-, genobh- | IE | pin, wooden plug | |
| geng-, gong- | lump | ||
| 380 | gengh- | to turn, weave | |
| 1. genu-, gneu- | IE | knee, joint | |
| 2. genu-, fem., genudh- : gonudh- | IE | chin, jaw(bone) | |
| 382 | gep(h)-, gebh- | IE | jaw, jowl, mouth; to eat |
| 1. ger-, gere- | IE | to cram, collect, put together | |
| 2. ger- | IE | (onomatopoeic: to crow, shriek, etc.) | |
| 3. ger- | IE | to turn, wind, curl | |
| 390 | 4. ger-, grei- | to grow, awaken | |
| ger-, geru-, gre- | IE | to rub; rotten; to age, ripen; grain | |
| 392 | gerebh- | IE | to carve, scratch; write |
| gers- | IE | to bend, turn | |
| geu-, guu-, gu- | IE | to bend, curl; cup, vessel | |
| 399 | geu-, geuu-, also geuu- | IE | to hurry, promote |
| 399 | g(e)u-lo- | IE | glowing coal |
| geus- | IE | to taste, degust, enjoy | |
| 400 | g(i)eu-, g(i)eu- | IE | to chew |
| glag-, or glak- | IE | milk | |
| 401 | gleg- | soft, tender | |
| 401 | glei- | to attack, run at | |
| gleubh- | IE | to cut, cleave, pare, slice | |
| 402 | glogh- : glugh- | IE | barb, spike |
| 402 | 1. gol-, lengthened grade gol-, reduced grade gol- | to camp, lie down; den (of animals) | |
| 403 | 2. gol- | bough, branch, twig | |
| 403 | gou-, gouu-, gu- | to call, cry | |
| gouu-, or gauu-? : gu- | IE | hand; to grab | |
| 404 | gras- : gros- | IE | to gnaw, eat, devour |
| 404 | greb(h)o-s : grob(h)o-s | beech or hornbeam (tree) | |
| 405 | gred- : grod- | IE | to grate, scratch |
| 405 | grem- | IE | to be damp; to sink |
| 1. greus- | to crush, crumble, crackle | ||
| 406 | 2. greus- | to burn, smolder | |
| 406 | greut- | IE | to crush, press; curd |
| 406 | grod-, grud- | hail? | |
| 406 | gru- | IE | to grunt (of pigs) |
| 407 | gha gha, ghe ghe, ghi ghi | IE | to cackle, gaggle (of geese) |
| ghabh- | IE | to take, grab, seize | |
| 409 | ghabh(o)lo-, masc., ghabh(o)la fem. | IE | branch, fork |
| 409 | ghaguh- | young bird/animal | |
| ghaido-, or ghaido- | IE | goat, kid | |
| 410 | ghais- | IE | to stick, be fixed to |
| 410 | ghaiso-, or ghuiso- : gheiso- | IE | dart; staff, stick |
| 410 | ghait-a | curly/wavy hair | |
| 411 | ghal-, ghal-ar- | flaw, defect; harm | |
| 411 | ghalg(h)- | IE | flexible twig |
| 411 | ghan- | to yawn | |
| 412 | ghan-s- | IE | goose |
| 1. ghasto-, ghazdho- | IE | pole, rod, gad; twig | |
| 413 | 2. ghasto- | arm, hand | |
| ghau-, ghauu- | IE | to call | |
| 414 | ghauo- | false | |
| ghðem-, ghðom-, genitive-ablative gh(ð)m-és | IE | earth, ground, soil, humus | |
| 416 | ghðiés, zero-grade ghðis, simplified to ghðés, ghiés, ghés | IE | yesterday |
| ghðu-, or ghiu-? | IE | fish, ichthyoid | |
| ghe-, gho- | IE | (enclitic (emphatic?) particle) | |
| 1. ghe-, ghei- | IE | to lack, be empty; leave, go out | |
| 2. ghe- : ghu-, and ghei- : ghi- | IE | to gape, yawn | |
| 423 | ghebh-el-, ghebh-el-, ghebh-elo- | IE | gable, head |
| 423 | ghed- | IE | to defecate; hole, opening |
| ghedh-, ghodh- | IE | to join, unite, gather, make a bond | |
| 424 | ghegh- | to bend, curve | |
| 424 | g(h)egh- | ferret (or similar carnivorous mammal) | |
| 1. ghei-, ghei- | IE | to goad, drive; to throw, wound | |
| 2. ghei- : ghi- | IE | snow; winter | |
| gheidh- | IE | to desire, yearn for | |
| 427 | gheigh- | IE | to desire, yearn for |
| 427 | gheis-, and gheiz-d- | IE | shocked, aghast, confused |
| 428 | ghel- | IE | to yell, call, cry |
| 1. ghel-, and ghel-?, also as i-, u-, or n-stem; ghelu-, ghle-, ghlo-, ghlu- | IE | to shine, glare, glow; gold, yellow, bright color | |
| 434 | 2. ghel- | IE | to cut? |
| 434 | ghela | wine? | |
| 434 | gheldh- | to desire, wish for | |
| 435 | ghel(e)gh- | IE | (type of metal) |
| 435 | ghelud- | IE | hail, ice |
| 435 | ghelgh- | gland | |
| 435 | ghel-ond-, ghol-nd- | stomach, intestines | |
| 435 | ghel-ou-, ghelu- | IE | turtle, tortoise |
| 436 | ghel-to, Germanic and ghel-dho Slavic | IE | to cost, pay, be worth |
| 436 | gheluna | IE | jaw, gill |
| ghen- | IE | to grind, crack open, gnaw to pieces | |
| ghend-, and ghed- | IE | to get, grasp, seize | |
| 438 | ghendh-, ghondh- | IE | boil, abscess |
| ghengh- | IE | to step, stride, march | |
| 439 | 1. gher- | IE | (onomatopoeic: to snarl, rattle, etc.) |
| 2. gher- | to rub, stroke hard | ||
| 440 | 3. gher-, ghre- : ghro- : ghru- | IE | to come out, jut out |
| 1. gher- | IE | to desire, yearn for | |
| 441 | 2. gher- | IE | to gash, slit, scrape, scratch |
| 3. gher-, and gheru-, ghre- | IE | to beam, shine, shimmer | |
| 4. gher- | IE | to grab, grip, seize | |
| 443 | 5. gher-, ghor-na | IE | bowels |
| 443 | 6. gher-, gheru- : ghre-? | IE | short, small |
| 443 | 7. gher- | to stiffen, stand out | |
| 444 | gherdh-, and gherdh- | IE | to gird, enclose, encompass |
| 445 | 1. ghers-, ghres- | horror, disgust, revulsion | |
| 445 | 2. ghers- | (type of weed, e.g. goat's foot) | |
| ghers- | IE | to stiffen, bristle, stand out | |
| 446 | gherto- | milk, butter | |
| 446 | gherzd(h), genitive ghrzd(h)-es, gherzda | IE | barley, prickly grain |
| 446 | ghéslo- | IE | thousand, chiliad |
| 447 | ghesor-, ghesr- | IE | hand |
| 447 | ghesto- | IE | arm, hand |
| 1. gheu- | IE | to gush, pour, found | |
| 448 | 2. gheu-, gheu-d- | IE | to die, disappear, get away |
| 449 | gheu- : gho(u)- : ghuu- | IE | to gape, yawn |
| 450 | gheub(h)- | to bend, move | |
| 450 | gheugh-, ghugh- | to conceal, do secretly | |
| 451 | gheueia, gheueia | pit, hollow | |
| 451 | ghladh- | bright, brilliant | |
| 451 | ghlad- | to call, sound | |
| 451 | ghleu- | IE | to be happy, joyful, gleeful |
| gho | IE | behind; towards | |
| 452 | ghoilo-s | IE | foaming, turbulent, frothing up |
| 452 | ghom- | stall | |
| 452 | ghos- | to eat | |
| 453 | ghosti-s | IE | guest, stranger |
| 453 | ghou(e)- | IE | to gawk, be aware of, pay attention to |
| ghou-ro-s | IE | frightened, frightening | |
| 454 | ghous- | to sound, hear | |
| 454 | ghre- : ghro- : ghru- | IE | to grow, become green |
| 455 | 1. ghrebh-, gherbh-, root extension ghrebha- | IE | to grab, grasp |
| 2. ghrebh- | IE | to dig, grub, grave, scratch | |
| ghredh- | IE | to stride, march | |
| 457 | ghrei- : ghrui- : ghri-, and lit. ghrei- | IE | to smear over |
| ghreib- | IE | to grip, grab | |
| 458 | 1. ghrem- | IE | to rub, scratch |
| 2. ghrem- | IE | to grumble; resound, thunder | |
| 459 | ghren- | IE | to grind, rub, stroke hard |
| ghrendh- | beam | ||
| 460 | 1. ghreu- : ghruu- : ghru- | IE | to collapse, fall down |
| 2. ghreu- : ghruu- : ghru- | IE | to crush, rub sharply | |
| 462 | ghroud- | (round body part, e.g. cheek, bosom) | |
| gua-, guem- | IE | to come, go | |
| 465 | guadh- | IE | to dive, sink, submerge |
| 1. guebh-, or guabh-?, guubh- | IE | to plunge, dive in | |
| 466 | 2. gueb(h)- | IE | slimy; frog |
| guedh- | IE | to hit, push; harm, injure | |
| 467 | 1. guei- | IE | to cry, weep, complain |
| 467 | 2. guei- | to enclose, push together | |
| 3. guei-, and gueiu- | IE | to live, survive | |
| 469 | guei-, or gueiu- : gui- | hide, skin | |
| 469 | gueid(h)- | IE | mud |
| gueiu- | IE | to prevail, overpower, be mighty | |
| 1. guel- | IE | to stab; pain, death, quell | |
| 2. guel-, guelu-, gule- | IE | to flow, drip down; throw | |
| 3. guel-, guel-, gula- | IE | acorn, valonia; oak? | |
| 473 | guelbh- | IE | womb, uterus; young animal |
| 473 | guem- | to go, come | |
| guena | IE | wife, queen, woman | |
| 1. guer-, gueru- | IE | to swallow; craw, gorge, throat | |
| 2. guer-, gueru-, gueruu-, gueri- | IE | grave, heavy | |
| 3. guer-, guor- | IE | mountain | |
| 478 | 4. guer(u)- | IE | to praise, congratulate, raise one's voice |
| 479 | guer-, gueru- | IE | to burn, be hot |
| 479 | gueru- | pole, spit | |
| gues-, zgues- | IE | to quench, extinguish | |
| 480 | gues-, guos-, gus-, extended guoz-do- | leaves, branches | |
| 480 | 1. guet- | IE | resin |
| 2. guet- | IE | to speak, talk | |
| 481 | guet- | IE | swelling |
| 481 | guiia, guiiós | sinew | |
| 481 | guis-ti-s | finger | |
| 482 | guiu- | resin | |
| 482 | gultur(os) | vulture | |
| 482 | guor-gu(or)o- | dirt, dung | |
| guou- | IE | cow, ox, gaur | |
| guou-, guu- | IE | dirt, dung | |
| 485 | guozd(h)o-, guozd(h)i- | nail, penis | |
| 485 | gurebh- | IE | young, embryo |
| 485 | gureig- | to sleep, dream | |
| 485 | gurendh- | IE | to swell; breast |
| 485 | guretso- | IE | big, thick, gross |
| gureugh-, gurugh- | to bite, grind one's teeth | ||
| 487 | guhðei(u)- | IE | to destroy, perish |
| guhðer- | IE | to flow, run | |
| 488 | guhedh- | IE | to ask, beg, wish for |
| *guhei- : guhui-, guhui-d- : guhid- | IE | bright, shining | |
| 489 | guheiu- : guhi- | IE | vein, sinew, tendon |
| 489 | guhel- | IE | to want, wish |
| ghuel- | IE | to bend, swerve | |
| 490 | ghuelg- | to glance, look at | |
| 490 | guhemb- | to hop, spring (happily) | |
| ghuen- | to sound | ||
| 491 | 1. guhen- | IE | to swell, abound |
| 2. guhen(-u)- | IE | to hit, strike, fend | |
| 493 | ghuer- | IE | wild animal |
| guher- | IE | warm, hot | |
| 495 | ghuoigu- | IE | to shine; star |
| 495 | ghuoku-, ghuuku- | to shine, shimmer | |
| 495 | guhre- | IE | to scent, smell |
| 496 | guhren- | IE | diaphragm; mind, soul |
| 497 | ha | IE | (surprise: ha! oh!) |
| 497 | ha ha! | IE | (laughter) |
| 499 | il-, ilu- | dirt, mud; black | |
| 499 | ili- | IE | groin, intestines |
| 501 | ia- : io- | IE | to punish, be angry, excited |
| 501 | ia- | to go | |
| iag- | IE | to worship, venerate | |
| 502 | iagh- | to hunt, wish for | |
| 502 | iai | (demonstrative stem: one, this, etc.) | |
| 502 | iam-, or iem- : iem- : iom- | to dig | |
| 502 | iam | (demonstrative stem: one, this, etc.) | |
| 502 | ie- : iu- | IE | to do, throw, project |
| 503 | iebh- | to copulate | |
| 503 | ieg- | IE | ice, icicle |
| 503 | iegua | IE | force, strength |
| iek- | IE | to speak | |
| 504 | iek- : iuk- | IE | to heal |
| 504 | ieku-r(t-), genitive ieku-n-és | IE | liver |
| ielo- : iulo- | raw, unripe | ||
| 505 | iem- | IE | to hold, match, defeat, geminate; twin |
| iénuter-, weak case ienutr-, intr- | sister-in-law | ||
| 506 | ie-ro- | year, summer | |
| 506 | ies- | IE | to boil, foam up |
| iet- | to set out, strive for | ||
| 507 | 1. ieu- | IE | to mix, mingle (of meal preparation) |
| 2. ieu-, ieuu-, ieu-g- | IE | to yoke, join, tie together | |
| 3. ieu- | IE | young | |
| 511 | 4. ieu- | IE | to separate, hold apart |
| ieu-dh- | IE | to fight, move swiftly | |
| 512 | ieug- | to excite, arouse; unsteady | |
| 512 | ieu-ni-, or iou-ni- | the right place/way | |
| 512 | ieuo- | IE | grain, esp. barley |
| 512 | ieuos- | IE | rule, right, justice, statute |
| 513 | io- | (relative stem: one, this, etc.) | |
| 513 | ioi-ni- | reed (bulrush) | |
| 513 | iork- | (type of deer) | |
| 513 | iou, iu | (demonstrative stem: one, this, etc.) | |
| 513 | io[u]s- : ius- | IE | belt; to gird |
| 1. iu- | IE | you (plural) | |
| 514 | 2. iu | IE | yowl (exclamation of joy/wonder) |
| 515 | ka- | IE | to like, wish, desire |
| ka, ke, kom | IE | well! (particle) | |
| 516 | kad- | to rob, harm, damage; chase | |
| 516 | kadh- | IE | to guard, cover, protect |
| 516 | 1. kad- | IE | to fall |
| 2. kad- | to shine, sparkle | ||
| 517 | kad- : kudes- : kud-s- | IE | hate, displeasure, uneasiness |
| kago-, masc., kaga- fem. | IE | goat | |
| 518 | kagh- : kogh- | IE | to sew, plait, etc. |
| 518 | kaghlo- | IE | chalk, pebble |
| 519 | 1. kai-, kai-uo-, kai-uelo- | IE | alone |
| 519 | 2. kai | IE | and |
| 519 | 3. kai-, ki- | IE | heat |
| 519 | 4. kai-d-, kai-t- | bright, shining | |
| kai-ko- | IE | one-eyed, cyclopean | |
| 520 | kaik-, or koik- | to itch, scratch | |
| 520 | kai-lo-, kai-lu- | IE | bright; hale, whole, healthy |
| 520 | kais- | hair | |
| 521 | kai-t- | bright, shining | |
| 521 | kaito- | IE | chet, woods, forest |
| 521 | kaiur-t, kaiun-t | IE | cleft, hollow, ravine |
| 521 | kakka- | IE | to cack, defecate (nursery word) |
| 521 | kak- | to croak; cracking sound | |
| 1. kak- | to become thin | ||
| 522 | 2. kak-, kek-? | IE | to help, enable |
| 1. kak- : kuk-, probably ka[i]k- : kik- | IE | to jump, spring out | |
| 523 | 2. kak- | IE | branch |
| 1. kal- | IE | hard, callous; blister | |
| 524 | 2. kal-, kali-, kalu- | IE | handsome, beautiful; healthy |
| 524 | 3. kal-, kol-? | IE | to be captured; prison |
| 524 | kalni- | IE | narrow path/passage |
| kam-er- | IE | to bend, curve | |
| 525 | kam- | to like, wish, desire | |
| 525 | kamb- | to bend, curve | |
| 525 | kam-p- | IE | to bend |
| kan- | IE | to sing, chant, sound | |
| 526 | kand-, skand-, and Indo-Iranian (s)kend- | IE | to glow, shine; bright, candent |
| 526 | kank- | to jump, spring out | |
| kan-tho- | IE | curve, angle, corner | |
| kap- | IE | to cop, grab, grasp; have? | |
| 529 | kap-, kup- | piece of land | |
| 529 | kapo- | thing in the water | |
| 529 | kapro- | IE | he-goat |
| kap-ut | IE | head | |
| 530 | kapho-, or kopho- | IE | hoof |
| 530 | 1. kar- | to scold, punish, revile | |
| 2. kar-, karu- | IE | to glorify, praise aloud | |
| 3. kar-, reduplicated karkar- | IE | hard | |
| 532 | kar- | wax | |
| kars- | IE | to rub, scratch | |
| 533 | kas-, kas-no- | IE | gray |
| 533 | kas-, kus- | IE | to teach, show the way |
| 534 | 1. kat- | IE | to link, plait, weave; chain, net |
| 534 | 2. kat- | IE | to bear young; young animal |
| 534 | kat- | IE | to fight, struggle; battle |
| 535 | kau- | IE | to humble, discourage |
| 535 | kau-, kuu- | IE | to hew, cut, hit |
| kau-, keu-, ku- | IE | to howl | |
| kau(u)la : kula | boil, abscess, swelling | ||
| 537 | kau-l-, ku-l- | IE | hole, hollow; bone |
| 537 | kaus- | to draw lots | |
| 537 | ke- | this | |
| 537 | ked- | IE | to smoke |
| keg-, keng-, and kek-, kenk- | IE | peg, handle, (grappling) hook | |
| kei- | IE | to move, set in motion | |
| 1. kei- | IE | to lie, recline; camp, home | |
| 2. kei- | IE | (dark color: brown, gray) | |
| ke(i)- : ko(i)- : ku(i)- | IE | to hone, whet, sharpen | |
| 542 | kei-bh- | IE | fast, hasty, violent |
| 542 | keid- | IE | to fall |
| kei-gh- | IE | fast, hasty, violent | |
| 543 | keip- | to slant, slope; to wag, wave | |
| 543 | keipo-, koipo- | IE | peg, stake, sharp wood/stone chip/piece |
| 543 | keis- | arm; thigh, shin | |
| 543 | kek- | weasel | |
| 543 | keku- | cudgel, hammer-shaped stick | |
| 544 | keko- | green grass/fodder | |
| 544 | keku- | to defecate; dung, excrement | |
| 544 | 1. kel-, kelu- | IE | to project, tower up; hill |
| 545 | 2. kel- | IE | to stab, stick, sting |
| 3. kel-, kelu-, kla-, extended klad- | IE | to hit, hew, cut down | |
| 4. kel-, and kal- | light and dark spots | ||
| 548 | 5. kel- | IE | to drive, compel, accelerate, move quickly |
| 6. kel-, k(e)le-, k(e)la-, or kl-? | IE | to call, cry | |
| 7. kel-, kol-, kol- | IE | calix, chalice, goblet, beaker | |
| 551 | 8. kel- | to cut | |
| 551 | 9. kel- | to owe, be guilty | |
| 551 | 10. kel- | to dry out | |
| 551 | 11. kel- | to bend; crooked | |
| 551 | kel-, kol-, kul- | IE | to deceive, dumbfound, enthrall |
| 1. kel- | IE | cold; warm, caloric | |
| 552 | 2. kel- | IE | to bow, lean, incline |
| 3. kel- | IE | thin shaft, stalk | |
| 4. kel- | IE | to hide, conceal | |
| 554 | kelb-, kelp- | IE | to help |
| 554 | keleu- | IE | to wander; way, path |
| 554 | keluuo-, keleuo- | IE | bald, bare |
| 554 | kelg- | to wind around; windings, intrigue | |
| 555 | kelp-, klp- | jug, pot, cauldron | |
| 555 | 1. kem- | IE | to squeeze, hem in, press together |
| 556 | 2. kem- | IE | to hum, buzz, croon |
| 556 | 1. kem-, or kam- | horn, pole, stick | |
| 556 | 2. kem- | IE | hornless (normally horned) animal |
| 3. kem- | IE | to wrap, cover, conceal | |
| 557 | 4. kem(u)- | IE | to be/make tired |
| kemu-, komu-, kma- | IE | bite, piece | |
| 558 | kemero-, komero-, kemero- | (plant name) | |
| 558 | kemer- | IE | armored animal (crab, turtle, etc.) |
| 1. ken- | IE | to pinch, press, etc. | |
| 2. ken-, kenu-, keni-, kenu- | IE | to rub, scrape, scratch off; ashes | |
| 3. ken- | IE | to begin, be born, come forth anew; young, recent | |
| 564 | 4. ken- | IE | to strain, strive eagerly |
| 564 | ken- | void, empty | |
| kenukó- | IE | golden, honey-colored | |
| 565 | keng-, kenk- | peg, handle, (grappling) hook | |
| 565 | 1. kenk- | IE | to bind, gird |
| 565 | 2. kenk- | IE | to burn, hurt; dry feeling: thirst, hunger |
| 566 | 3. kenk- | IE | heel, hock, back of knee |
| 566 | kenk-, konk- | IE | to hang, sway, dangle |
| 566 | kens- | IE | to announce, proclaim, speak formally |
| 567 | kenth(o)- | rag, cloth | |
| 567 | kent- | IE | to stab, stick |
| 1. ker-, kor-, kr- | IE | (onomatopoeic: hoarse sound) | |
| 571 | 2. ker- | to cut | |
| 3. ker(u)- | IE | to burn | |
| 4. ker- | IE | cherry | |
| 573 | 5. ker-?, kor- | to hang | |
| 6. ker-, and ker- | dirty, dark-colored, etc. | ||
| 574 | 7. ker- | to jump, turn | |
| 1. ker-, keru- : kra-, kerei-, kereu- | IE | horn, head, upper part of body | |
| 577 | 2. ker-, keru-, kre- | IE | to grow, increase |
| 3. ker- | rope, string; to plait, weave | ||
| 578 | 4. ker-, and keru- : kre- | IE | to harm, injure; ruined, spoiled |
| 578 | kerbero-, and kerbero- | checkered, variegated | |
| 579 | 1. kerd- | to gird | |
| 579 | 2. kerd- | IE | craft, talent; skilled |
| 579 | kerdho-, kerdha | IE | line, row, herd |
| kered- : kerd-, kerd-, krd-, kred- | IE | heart | |
| kerem-, krem- : krom-, and kerm- | IE | onion or garlic; ash (tree) | |
| 581 | kerup-, krep- | cloth, leather rag; shoe | |
| 581 | kerk- : kork- : krk- | to wrinkle, shrivel up | |
| 582 | keru-, kra- | IE | to cook |
| 582 | kerm- | to rest, tire | |
| 582 | kerno- | jaw, chin(bone) | |
| 582 | ke-ro- | colorful (or a color term) | |
| 583 | kers- | IE | black, dirty; dark color |
| 583 | 1. ker(s)- | IE | bristle, stiff hair |
| 2. kers- | IE | to run, course | |
| kert-, kerut-, krat- | IE | to roll, turn, wind | |
| kes- | IE | to comb, itch, scratch | |
| 586 | kes- | IE | to cut |
| ket-, kot- | IE | room, dwelling place | |
| 1. keu-, skeu-, lengthened grade keu- | IE | to see, hear, observe, hearken, attend to | |
| 2. keu-, keuu- | IE | to bend | |
| 1. keu-, keuu- : ku-, kua- | IE | to swell | |
| 2. keu- | IE | to shine, be bright | |
| 595 | 1. keu- : ku- | to sway, totter | |
| 595 | 2. keu- : kuu-, ku- | IE | to burn, light (a fire) |
| 595 | keub- | thorn | |
| keuud-, kud- | to cry, shout | ||
| keuup- : kuep-, kuup-, kup-, and occasionally keu(e)p-, k(e)uep- | IE | to boil, cook, smoke | |
| 597 | keuero-, kouero-, also skuro-? | IE | north (wind) |
| 597 | keuk- | IE | to glow, shine, be bright white |
| 597 | keuk-, kuk- | to whirl, mix together | |
| 598 | kik- | jay (bird) | |
| 598 | 1. kik- | IE | belt, strap, thong |
| 598 | 2. kik- | to rain, drizzle | |
| 598 | kiker- | pea | |
| 598 | kion-, kison-? | pillar | |
| 598 | kiph- | thin flexible twig/root | |
| 599 | kista | basket, plaited container | |
| 599 | kla- | IE | to lade, place, heap up, lay down |
| 599 | kladhra | alder (tree) | |
| 599 | klau- | to weep | |
| kleg-, klog-, klug-, klang-, kleg-, klog-, kleig-, kleik- | IE | to cry, shout, scream | |
| klei- | IE | to lean, incline, tip (over) | |
| 602 | kleik- | to press/squeeze (painfully) | |
| klem-, klem-, klem- | weak, slack, feeble, ailing | ||
| 603 | kleng-, and klenk- | IE | to bend, wind |
| 603 | kleno- | maple (tree) | |
| 603 | klep- | wet, damp | |
| 604 | klep-, sklep-? | IE | to steal, cover, secrete |
| 604 | klep- | to hold in arms and/or lap | |
| kleu-, also kleu-?, and klau- | IE | hook, crook | |
| 1. kleu-, kleuu- : klu- | IE | to hear, listen | |
| 607 | 2. kleu- : *klo[u]- : klu- | IE | to clean, rinse, swill |
| klou-ni- | hip, buttock | ||
| 608 | knei-guh-, knei-b- | IE | to bow, kneel |
| 608 | kneug- | (onomatopoeic: to growl, whimper) | |
| 608 | knid-, knid-, sknid- | nit, louse | |
| ko-, ke-, with the particle ke, k(e)i-, k(i)io- | IE | this; here | |
| 610 | kob- | IE | to fit, fare well, be happy/successful |
| 610 | koi-, kui- | (creaking noise) | |
| 610 | koi-lo- | naked; miserable | |
| 610 | koi-no- | grass | |
| 611 | kois- | IE | to cure, worry, care for |
| 611 | ko ko, kak(k)-, ku(r)kur- | (onomatopoeic: sound of cock/hen) | |
| 611 | koksa | IE | body part: foot, coxa, etc. |
| kolu- : klo- | IE | to spin | |
| 612 | kolumo-s, koluma | IE | reed, stalk, stem, culm |
| 612 | kol(e)i- | IE | glue |
| 612 | koli- | young dog/animal | |
| kom | IE | at, by, cum, with, alongside | |
| konumo-, knamo-, or kenumo- | IE | shinbone | |
| 614 | konk- | IE | to doubt, vacillate |
| 614 | konkho- | IE | conch, clam(shell), mussel |
| 614 | kop(h)elo-s, or kap(h)elo-s | (type of carp) | |
| kopso- | blackbird | ||
| 615 | korka | grit, gravel | |
| 615 | kormen- | weasel | |
| 615 | kormno-, krmno- | corrosive liquid: lye, wine, urine, etc. | |
| 615 | kormo- | IE | harm, pain, torment, suffering |
| koro-s, korio-s | IE | war, army, warrior | |
| 616 | kos(e)lo- | IE | hazel (tree) |
| 616 | kost- | IE | leg, bone, costa |
| 616 | krapo-, kropo-? | IE | roof |
| 616 | kra- | to cook, mix | |
| 616 | krat- | to roll, turn, wind | |
| kra[u]- : kruu- : kru- | IE | to heap up, pile together; heap; roof | |
| 617 | kre-, krei-, kr- | (hoarse sound) | |
| 617 | kre- | to harm, injure; ruined, spoiled | |
| 617 | kreb- | (hoarse sound) | |
| 617 | krebh-, krobh-, krembh- | to entrust | |
| kred- | IE | beams | |
| 618 | kred- | heart | |
| 618 | 1. kreg-, and kerg-? | to torment | |
| 618 | 2. kreg- | (hoarse sound) | |
| 618 | 1. krei- | IE | to brush, stroke, touch |
| 618 | 2. krei-, kreig-, kreik- | (hoarse sound) | |
| 618 | krei- | IE | to appear, show forth |
| 1. krek- | IE | to hit | |
| 619 | 2. krek-, krk- | IE | roe, fish/frog spawn |
| 619 | 3. krek- | (hoarse sound) | |
| 619 | 4. krek- : krok- | to tower, jut out; beams | |
| 619 | krem- | onion or garlic; ash (tree) | |
| 620 | 1. krep-, krp- | IE | form; corpse, body |
| 620 | 2. krep- | (hoarse sound) | |
| 620 | 1. krep- | firm, strong | |
| 620 | 2. krep- | cloth, leather; shoe | |
| 620 | 1. kret- | IE | to shake |
| 621 | 2. kret- | IE | to hit |
| 1. kreu-, kreuu- : kru-, kreus-, krus- | IE | raw flesh, thick/clotting blood; ice, crust | |
| 622 | 2. kreu- | to crash, collapse, fall down | |
| 3. kreu-, krou-s- | IE | to push, hit, break | |
| 623 | 4. kreu- | (hoarse sound) | |
| 623 | kreup- | scab | |
| 623 | kreu-t-, kreu-dh-? | IE | to shake, move visibly |
| krom- | lattice, framework, wooden fence, etc. | ||
| 624 | kr(o)k-sko- | arm | |
| 624 | krus- | leg, shank, thigh | |
| 624 | krut- | IE | breast, belly; vault, protuberance |
| 624 | ksa- | to burn | |
| 625 | kseip-, kseib- | to toss, throw | |
| 625 | ks-en-, ks-es-, ks-eu- | to comb, itch, scratch | |
| 625 | kse-ro- | IE | dry, xeric, bright (of weather) |
| 625 | kseubh- | to sway, swing, totter | |
| 625 | kseud- | to grind, stamp to little pieces | |
| 626 | kþei- | IE | to settle |
| 626 | kþe(i)-, kþu(i)- | IE | to gain, acquire, possess |
| 626 | ku-, kus- | IE | to kiss |
| ku- | sharp, pointed; pike, stake | ||
| 627 | kudh- | dirt, dung | |
| 627 | kuku | IE | (onomatopoeic: to coo, cuckoo) |
| 627 | kup- | shoulder | |
| 627 | kuak- | IE | (onomatopoeic: to quack, croak) |
| kuat(h)- | IE | to ferment, become sour | |
| 628 | 1. kuei-, kuei-no- | dirt, mud; to defile | |
| 628 | 2. kuei- | IE | to hiss, twitter, whistle, etc. |
| 3. kuei-, extended kuei-d-, kuei-s-, kuei-t- | IE | to shine; white | |
| 629 | kuek-, nasalized kuenk- : kuk- | to gape | |
| 629 | kuel- | muddy | |
| 630 | kueluk-, or keluk-, koluk- | bale, bundle | |
| 630 | 1. kuelp-, kuelb- : kulp/b- : klup/b- | IE | to stumble, buckle at the knees; to trot |
| 630 | 2. kuelp- | IE | to curve, vault |
| 630 | kuen- | IE | to celebrate; saint |
| 631 | kuendh-ro-, -no- | (type of plant) | |
| 631 | kuerp-, also kuerb- | IE | to turn, wind |
| kues-, kus- | IE | to pant, puff, sigh, wheeze | |
| 632 | kuet-, kuut- : kut- | IE | to shake, winnow |
| 632 | kuoi-, kui- | to want, wish for | |
| kuon-, kun- | IE | hound, dog | |
| 633 | kures-, kuers-, kurs- | small wood, trees | |
| 634 | kha kha | (laughter) | |
| 635 | kualo-s | (big fish) | |
| 635 | kuas-io-, -lo- | basket, plaited work | |
| 1. kue | IE | (enclitic) and | |
| 636 | 2. kue- | (indefinite/interrogative pronoun) | |
| 636 | kued-, kuod- | IE | to bore, drill, prick, stab |
| 1. kuei(-t)- | IE | to observe with respect, pay attention to | |
| 2. kuei- | IE | to stow, gather, pile up | |
| 638 | kueiu-, kuiie- | IE | to rest comfortably; quiet, peaceful, tranquil |
| kuek-, kuok-, kuek-s- | IE | to see, show, appear | |
| 1. kuel-, kuelu- | IE | to turn; wheel; neck? | |
| 640 | 2. kuel- | IE | far away |
| 640 | 3. kuel- | IE | crowd, herd, swarm |
| kuem- | to gulp, sip, swallow | ||
| 641 | kuene | (particle: uncertainty, generalization) | |
| 641 | kuenth- | IE | to suffer, endure |
| 1. kuer- | IE | to do, make, form | |
| 642 | 2. kuer- | IE | dish, pot |
| 642 | kueru- | to chew, grind | |
| kuetuer-, kuetuor-, kuetur- (masc.), kuetes(o)r- (fem.) | IE | four, fourth | |
| kuo-, kue-, fem. kua, kuei- | IE | (indefinite/interrogative pronoun) | |
| 648 | kurei- | IE | to buy |
| 649 | kurmi- | grub, worm, maggot | |
| 649 | kusep- | dark | |
| 649 | kuþei- | to destroy, perish | |
| 649 | kuas- : kuus- | IE | to cough |
| 1. la-, and le- | IE | (onomatopoeic: to bark, howl, etc.) | |
| 651 | 2. la- | IE | to be hidden, covered, latent |
| 651 | lab-, and labh-, lap(h)- | IE | to lap, lick, smack (the lips), etc. |
| 652 | labh- | IE | to grab, hold, seize |
| 652 | lagh- | to cut; cutting tool | |
| 652 | laguh- | to grab, seize | |
| 652 | lai- | fat, lard | |
| 652 | laidh-, lidh- | IE | to cut, hurt, injure |
| 652 | laiuo- | IE | (on the) left |
| la[i]p-, luip-, lup- | IE | to burn, shine | |
| 653 | lak- | to lap, lick | |
| 653 | lak- | IE | to spot, sprinkle |
| 653 | laku- | IE | (water in) lake, pond, ditch, etc. |
| lama | swamp, puddle | ||
| 654 | lap- | cow | |
| 654 | las- | IE | greedy, covetous |
| lat- | IE | wet, damp; swamp | |
| 655 | lau- | IE | to acquire (as booty), enjoy something |
| 655 | lauk(o)-, luuk- | jaw; throat | |
| 655 | le- | (onomatopoeic: to bark, howl, etc.) | |
| leb-, lob-, lab-, leb- | IE | lip; to slump, hang down slackly | |
| 657 | 1. leg- | IE | to leak, drip, dribble, ooze out |
| 658 | 2. leg- | to worry | |
| 658 | leg- | IE | to gather, collect |
| legh- | IE | to lie, recline, set down | |
| 660 | 1. leg(h)- : lug(h)- | branch, twig | |
| 660 | 2. legh- : lugh- | IE | to crawl; low |
| leguh- | IE | to move easily | |
| 661 | 1. lei-, lek- | to flex, bend | |
| 2. lei- | IE | to dissipate, disappear; thin, weak | |
| 3. lei- | IE | slimy; to slip, glide | |
| 4. lei- | IE | to pour | |
| 665 | 1. le[i]- : lui- | IE | to want, wish |
| 665 | 2. le(i)- | IE | to grant/acquire possession |
| 666 | 3. le(i)- | IE | to weaken, leave behind; feeble |
| 666 | leibh- | to smear, stick | |
| 666 | leid- | IE | to play, joke |
| 667 | 1. leig-, and leik-, better oleig-, oleik- | IE | needy, miserable |
| 667 | 2. leig-, lig- | IE | form, appearance; like, similar |
| 3. leig-, loig- | IE | to hop, jump, tremble | |
| 668 | 4. leig-, leig- | IE | to tie, bind, ligate |
| 668 | leigh-, sleigh- | IE | to lick |
| 669 | 1. leik- | to offer for sale | |
| 669 | 2. leik- | IE | to bend |
| leiku- | IE | to leave, relinquish | |
| 1. leip- | IE | to smear (with fat), stick | |
| 671 | 2. leip- | to desire, request, wish for | |
| 671 | leis- | IE | to furrow; learn |
| 672 | 1. leit- | IE | to loathe, detest, abhor; violate |
| 672 | 2. leit(h)- | IE | to die, go away |
| leizd-, loizd- | IE | edge, fringe, hem | |
| 673 | 1. lek-? : lok- | to blame, scold, reprove | |
| 673 | 2. lek- : lek-, and lek- : luk- | IE | joint, leg, body member; to bend, wind |
| 1. lek- : luk- | IE | tendril; trap | |
| 674 | 2. lek- : luk- | IE | to lacerate, tear to pieces |
| 674 | 1. lem- | IE | to break, crush to pieces; lame, fragile |
| 675 | 2. lem- | astonishment (with the notion of wide open jaws) | |
| 675 | 1. lendh- | spring (of water), wetness | |
| 675 | 2. lendh- | IE | hip, loins; kidney |
| 675 | 3. lendh- | IE | heath, steppe, open land |
| 676 | leng- | to sway, bend oneself | |
| 676 | lengh- | to scold, scorn | |
| lenk- | IE | to bend | |
| 677 | lento- | IE | lithe, flexible, pliable |
| 1. lep- | (onomatopoeic root) | ||
| 678 | 2. lep- | IE | to flay, peel, skin |
| 678 | 3. lep- | rock, stone | |
| 679 | lep-, lop-, lup- | IE | flat |
| 679 | lerd- | to twist, shrivel up | |
| 679 | lerg- | even, smooth, slippery | |
| 680 | les- | IE | to lease, collect, pick up |
| 680 | les : lus- | weak, slack, feeble | |
| 680 | leto-, leti-, leto-, loto- | heat, burning, anger | |
| 680 | leto-, luto- | IE | daytime; summer, warm season |
| 681 | letro- | IE | leather |
| 681 | 1. leu-, *leuu- : lu- | IE | dirt |
| 2. leu- | IE | to free, cut off, separate | |
| 1. leu- | to leave behind | ||
| 683 | 2. leu- : luu- | IE | stone |
| 683 | 3. leu-, or lau- | IE | (onomatopoeic: to bark, howl, etc.) |
| leubh- | IE | to love, like, care for | |
| 684 | leud- | IE | to lout, bend over, duck down; bent, little, etc. |
| 1. leudh- | IE | to grow up; free; people | |
| 685 | 2. leu-dh- | to go, move, drive | |
| 1. leug- | IE | to bend | |
| 686 | 2. leu-g- : lu-g- : lu-g- | blackish; swamp | |
| 686 | leug- | IE | to break |
| 1. leugh- | IE | to lie, belie, prevaricate | |
| 687 | 2. leugh-, lugh- | oath | |
| leuk- | IE | to light, shine; see | |
| leup-, and leub-, leubh- | IE | to lift, peel, cut/break off, etc. | |
| 691 | leut- : lut- | angry, raging, wrathful | |
| 691 | li-no- | IE | flax, linen |
| 691 | log- | rod, twig | |
| lorga-, lorgi- | stick, club | ||
| 692 | lou-, louu- | IE | to lave, wash |
| 692 | lus, genitive luu-ós | IE | louse |
| 693 | 1. ma- | to beckon, wave (hand); deceive | |
| 693 | 2. ma- | IE | timely, opportune |
| 694 | 3. ma | IE | ma, mama (nursery words) |
| mad- | IE | to drip; wet; fat, glossy, well-fed | |
| 695 | magh- : magh- | IE | to help, be able; might, power |
| 696 | maghos | IE | maiden, young person |
| mag- | IE | to knead, press, stroke | |
| 697 | magh- | IE | to fight, struggle |
| 697 | 1. mai- | IE | to maim, hew, cut with sharp instrument |
| 697 | 2. mai-, moi-? | IE | to smudge, stain |
| 698 | mak- | IE | skin, leather bag |
| 698 | 1. mak- | IE | wet, damp; to soak |
| 698 | 2. mak- | IE | to knead, press |
| 698 | mak(en)- | poppy | |
| 699 | mako-, or mok-o- | fly, gnat | |
| 699 | mak- : muk- | IE | long and slender |
| 699 | makh-o-s | bold, wild, frisky, unbridled | |
| 699 | mand- | pen/hurdle of plaited rods/twigs | |
| ma-no-, ma-ni- | IE | wet, damp | |
| 700 | manu-s, or monu-s | IE | man, human being |
| 700 | marko- | IE | mare, horse |
| 700 | 1. math-, or moth- | IE | moth, harmful insect |
| 700 | 2. mat- | IE | club, hoe, mattock |
| matér- | IE | mother | |
| 701 | mau-ro- | tired, weak; dark | |
| mazdo-s | IE | mast, pole | |
| 702 | 1. me- | IE | me (1st pers. sg. oblique pronoun stem) |
| 2. me- | IE | by, with, amidst, around | |
| 703 | 1. me- | IE | (prohibitive particle: lest, that not) |
| 703 | 2. me-, m-e-t- | IE | to mow, reap |
| 3. me-, m-e-t- | IE | to measure | |
| 704 | 4. me-, mo- | IE | big, important |
| 5. me-, mo-, mu- | IE | to be intent; of strong will | |
| 1. med- | IE | to mete, allot; medicate, give advice | |
| 706 | 2. med- | IE | to swell |
| medhi-, medhio- | IE | middle | |
| 707 | médhu | IE | mead, honey |
| 707 | megh- | IE | friendly, well-disposed |
| meg(h)- : meg(h)- | IE | big, much, great, major, mega- | |
| 709 | 1. mei- | IE | to mure, repair, strengthen; pole |
| 710 | 2. mei- | IE | to change, mutate, exchange |
| 710 | 3. mei- | IE | to go, wander |
| 710 | 4. mei- | IE | to tie, bind |
| 711 | 5. mei-, mi-neu- | IE | to lessen, diminish; small, minor |
| 711 | 6. mei-, meiu-, min(u)-, mim(ei)- | (onomatopoeic: high thin sound) | |
| 7. mei- : moi- : mi- | IE | mild, soft | |
| meigh-, also meik- | to flicker, twinkle; mist | ||
| 713 | meigh- | IE | to micturate, urinate |
| 713 | mei-gu- | IE | to (ex)change |
| 714 | mei-k-, and mei-g-? | IE | to mix, mash, stir |
| 714 | mei-no- | IE | view, opinion, intention |
| 714 | meis- | to flicker, twinkle; mist | |
| 715 | 1. meit(h)- | place to stay | |
| 715 | 2. mei-t(h)- | IE | to commute, (ex)change |
| mek- | (onomatopoeic: to bleat) | ||
| 1. mel-, also smel-, melu- : mle-, mel-d- : ml-ed-, mel-dh-, ml-ei- : mli-, melu-k- : mla-k-, mleu- : mlu- | IE | to mill, grind; fine, ground | |
| 2. mel- | IE | to deceive | |
| 720 | 3. mel- | IE | to hesitate |
| 720 | 4. mel- | IE | big, strong |
| 720 | 5. mel- | IE | limb; to join |
| 6. mel-, melu- | IE | dark color (black, dirty, etc.) | |
| 721 | 7. mel- | wool, woolen garment | |
| 8. mel-, melu- : mlo- | to appear, come forth | ||
| 722 | 1. meldh- | IE | to utter ritual words (to deity) |
| 722 | 2. meldh- | IE | lightning |
| melg-, or melug-? | IE | to milk, pluck, wipe off | |
| 723 | melgh- | to swell | |
| meli-t, genitive mel-nés | IE | honey | |
| 724 | 1. melk- | to rub, stroke | |
| 724 | 2. melk-, melg- | IE | wet |
| 724 | melo-, smelo- | IE | small animal |
| 725 | melodh-, moludh-, moludh- | head; elevation | |
| 725 | mels- | to taste | |
| 725 | membh- | to reproach | |
| 725 | memso-, me(m)s-ro- | IE | meat, flesh |
| 726 | 1. men- | IE | to rise, mount, tower |
| 726 | 2. men- | to press, step on, tread down | |
| 3. men- | IE | to think; mind, spiritual activity | |
| 4. men- | IE | to diminish; small | |
| 729 | 5. men- | IE | to stay, remain, stand still |
| 729 | mend-, mond-, mnd-? | to feed, suck(le); breast | |
| menda | IE | flaw, defect, mistake | |
| 730 | mendh- | IE | to direct attention to; vivacious |
| 730 | men(e)gh-, mon(e)gh-, mngh- | IE | many, copious, abundant, excessive |
| men(u)k- | IE | to knead | |
| 731 | meng- | to make pretty, beautiful | |
| 731 | meni- | IE | minnow (or other type of fish) |
| menot, genitive meneses, from which menes-, mens-, mes-, men- | IE | month; moon | |
| 732 | 1. menth-, meth- | IE | to stir, swirl, mix up |
| 2. menth- | IE | to chew, eat | |
| 733 | 1. mer- | to plait, weave; rope | |
| 2. mer- | IE | to flicker, shimmer | |
| 734 | 3. mer-, mor-(u-) | to blacken; dark color, dirt spot | |
| 735 | 4. mer-, meru- | IE | to die |
| 5. mer-, meru- | IE | to rub, wipe; pack, rob | |
| 6. mer-, mer-s- | IE | to anger, bother, disturb, etc. | |
| 738 | merudh-, mradh- | to boil, bubble up | |
| 738 | mereg- | IE | march, edge, border, frontier |
| 738 | meregh- | IE | to soak, moisten, drizzle |
| 738 | 1. merg- | to wipe off | |
| 738 | 2. merg- | to grab, seize | |
| merio- | IE | young man/woman | |
| 739 | merk- | IE | to grab, seize |
| 1. merk-, merg-, meruk-, merug- | to rot | ||
| 740 | 2. merk-, mork- | vexed, sullen | |
| mu-r, genitive mu-n-és, mntós | IE | hand | |
| 741 | met- | to reap, measure | |
| 1. meu-, meuu- : mu- | IE | wet, damp; to wash; dirt, mud, mire | |
| 743 | 2. meu-, meuu- | IE | to move, push away |
| 743 | meudh-, muudh-, mudh- | IE | to complain, care about, be intent |
| 1. meug- | to lie in wait, take by surprise; wily | ||
| 2. meug-, meuk- | IE | to slip, slide; meek | |
| 745 | meuk- | to tear, slit, scratch | |
| 745 | meu-s- | to steal | |
| 1. mezg- | IE | to dive, plunge, immerse | |
| 746 | 2. mezg- | IE | to bind, knit, knot, attach |
| 746 | mizdhó- | IE | fee, pay, meed, reward |
| 746 | mo-, mo-lo- | IE | to strain, trouble oneself |
| mod- : mud-, or mad- : mud- | IE | to meet, approach | |
| 747 | modhro-, or madhro- | IE | blue; madder |
| 747 | moiso-s, or maiso-s | sheep; hide, pelt, leatherwork | |
| 747 | moks, Indo-Iranian *moksu | IE | soon |
| 747 | molko- | IE | pouch, leather bag |
| mono- | IE | neck; mane | |
| 748 | mori, mori | IE | mere, sea |
| mormor-, murmur- | IE | to murmur (dully) | |
| 749 | mormo(ro)- | fear, dread, horror | |
| 749 | moro- | IE | murrey, mulberry, blackberry |
| 749 | morui- | IE | maur, mire, ant |
| 750 | mo[u]-lo- : mu-lo- | root, plant | |
| 750 | mo[u]-ro- : mu-ro- | crazy, stupid | |
| 750 | moz-g-o-, moz-g-en-, mos-k-o- | IE | brain |
| 750 | mozgho-s | young cattle | |
| 750 | mrk- | IE | more, carrot, edible root |
| 750 | mregh-m(n)o- | IE | brain, skull |
| mreghu-, mrghu- | IE | brief, short | |
| 1. mu- | IE | (onomatopoeic: to moo, hum, etc.) | |
| 752 | 2. mu-, mus- | IE | fly, gnat, midge, muscid, mosquito |
| 752 | muk- | heap, etc. | |
| mus | IE | mouse; muscle | |
| 753 | mut-o-s | IE | trimmed, stunted, circumcised, mutilated |
| 754 | 1. na- | IE | to help, be useful |
| 754 | 2. na- | to be afraid, ashamed | |
| 754 | naguh- | sober? | |
| 754 | nak- | fur, pelt | |
| 754 | nana, nena | IE | (nursery word: mother, nana, etc.) |
| 755 | nant- | IE | to dare, risk |
| 755 | nas- | IE | nose |
| 1. naus- | IE | boat, ship | |
| 756 | 2. nau- : nuu- : nu- | IE | death; corpse |
| 1. ne, ne, nei | IE | (negative particle: no, etc.) | |
| 758 | 2. ne, ne | that (enclitic particle) | |
| 758 | 3. ne-, no-, plural nes-, nos- | IE | we |
| 758 | 1. nebh- | to burst | |
| 758 | 2. nebh- | IE | wet, damp; clouds; water |
| 1. ned- : ned- | IE | to net, bind, connect, roll up, twist together | |
| 759 | 2. ned- | to roar, sound, bellow | |
| 759 | nedo- | reed | |
| 760 | negh- | to bore, pierce, stab, stick | |
| 760 | 1. nei-, neiu- : ni- | to lead | |
| 760 | 2. nei-, neiu-, ni- | IE | to be moved, excited; to shine |
| 760 | 3. nei-, ni- | IE | in |
| 760 | 1. neid- | to scold, shame, abuse | |
| 761 | 2. neid- : nid- | to flow; stream | |
| 761 | neigu- | IE | to wash |
| 761 | neik- | to winnow (grain) | |
| 761 | neik- : nik- : nik- | IE | to rail, fight, assault |
| 762 | nek- | IE | death, dying, necrosis; corpse |
| neku-(t-), noku-t-s | IE | night | |
| 1. nem- | IE | to nim, take, give, count, apportion | |
| 764 | 2. nem- | IE | to bend |
| 764 | nepot- | IE | nephew; grandchild |
| 765 | 1. ner(-t)-, aner-, uner-? | IE | vital force; man |
| 2. ner- | IE | below, under | |
| 766 | 3. ner- | to penetrate; hiding place, hollow | |
| nes- | IE | to unite; be concealed | |
| 767 | ni-, nei- | in | |
| 767 | ne-tr-, nu-tr- | IE | snake, adder |
| 767 | 1. neu- | IE | to call, praise |
| 767 | 2. neu- | IE | to push (someone); to nod |
| 768 | neu-d- | IE | to grasp, make use of |
| 768 | neu-dh- | to lust, desire, yearn for | |
| 768 | neuk- | dark, unclear, indistinct | |
| neu-ks-, neu-s- | IE | to scent, smell, sniff | |
| 769 | neuos, neuios | IE | new |
| 769 | niz-do- | nest | |
| 769 | no- | that | |
| 769 | nogu-, noguod(h)o-, nogu-no- | IE | nude, naked |
| 770 | noguo-, or naguo- | IE | tree |
| 770 | noku-(t-) | night | |
| 770 | nomn | name | |
| 770 | not-, nut- | IE | rump, nates, backside |
| 770 | nu- | IE | now |
| 771 | ndhos, ndheri | IE | under |
| 771 | nsi- | black, dirty | |
| 771 | nsi-s | IE | sword |
| 772 | 1. o | to, with | |
| 772 | 2. o | IE | O (vocative particle) |
| 772 | obhel- | IE | to sweep; multiply |
| 772 | obhi- | to, from, around, etc. | |
| 1. od- | IE | to smell | |
| 773 | 2. od- | IE | hatred, disgust, odium, aversion |
| 773 | od(e)go-, or od(e)guo- | stem, stalk | |
| 773 | og-, ug- | IE | to grow; fruit, berry |
| 773 | oi- | (pronoun stem) | |
| 774 | oid- | IE | to swell; strong |
| 774 | oi-no-, oi-uo- | IE | (demonstrative particle: one, this, etc.) |
| 774 | oiua | (vocative particle) | |
| 774 | ok- | IE | to consider |
| 775 | okto(u) | IE | eight, octad |
| 775 | okú-s | IE | quick(ly) |
| oku- | IE | to see, ogle; eye | |
| 777 | ol-(e-) | IE | to destroy |
| om- | IE | raw, coarse, bitter | |
| 778 | om(e)so-s | IE | shoulder |
| 778 | omu- | to suffer; firm up, proceed energetically | |
| 778 | ond-, nd- | rock, stone | |
| 779 | oner- | IE | dream |
| 779 | ong-, better ang- | coal | |
| 779 | ongu- | IE | to anoint |
| 779 | ono-, and onu-, also (o)no-d- | to scold, abuse, revile | |
| 780 | onogh- : ongh-, nogh-, Celtic ngh-, ongh-li- | IE | claw, (finger/toe) nail |
| 780 | 1. op- | IE | to work, perform, operate, bring about |
| 781 | 2. op- | IE | to opt, choose, opine, suggest |
| 781 | opi | at, by | |
| 781 | or-, ur- | IE | to call, speak, talk, orate |
| orbho- | IE | weak, abandoned; slave, orphan | |
| 782 | oreu-, ereu- | entrails | |
| 782 | orghi-, rghi- | IE | testicle |
| 782 | org- | to hit, kill | |
| 782 | ort- | vine | |
| 782 | *os, os-i-s, os-en-, os-k- | IE | ash (tree) |
| 783 | ost(h)-, ost(h)i, ost(h)r(g), oblique ost(h)-(e)n- | IE | os, bone |
| 783 | oug-, ou-? | cold | |
| o(u)i-om | IE | egg, ovum | |
| 784 | óui-s | IE | ewe, sheep |
| 1. ous- : uus- | IE | os, mouth | |
| 785 | 2. ous- : uus- : us- | IE | ear |
| ozdo-s | IE | branch | |
| 786 | ozgho- | bud, sprout, twig | |
| 787 | pa- : pu-, and pa-t- : pu-t- | IE | to feed, graze, pasture |
| pak-, and pag- | IE | to repair, strengthen | |
| 788 | pan- | IE | pane, panel, woven fabric |
| 788 | pando-s | crooked | |
| 789 | pank-, pang- | to swell | |
| 789 | pap(p)a | IE | papa (nursery word); food, meal |
| 789 | par- | IE | to show, be visible |
| 789 | parika | concubine | |
| 789 | pasó-s | IE | a relative |
| 789 | pasto- | IE | firm, fast, solid |
| 790 | paus- | IE | to free, let loose |
| 790 | pauson-, puson- | (name of a deity) | |
| 790 | 1. ped-, pod- | IE | to hold; vat, vessel, container |
| 2. ped-, pod- | IE | foot | |
| 792 | peg- : pog- : pog-, pok-s- | IE | hip, side, shoulder |
| pe(i)-, pi- | IE | to hurt, scold, shame | |
| pei(u)-, pi- | IE | fat; milk | |
| 1. peig-, and peik- | IE | colored, speckled | |
| 795 | 2. peig-, and peik- | IE | to be hostile |
| 795 | pei-m(i)- | IE | swift, quick, rapid, nimble |
| 796 | 1. peis-? : pis- | IE | to grind, trample |
| 796 | 2. peis-, speis- | IE | to blow, fizz |
| 796 | peisk-, pisk- | IE | fish |
| 1. pek-, pek-, pok- | IE | to be joyful, make pretty | |
| 797 | 2. pek- | IE | to fleece; fee, cattle |
| 798 | peku- | IE | to cook |
| 1. pel-, pelu-, ple- | IE | to pour, fill; full, plenary; town? | |
| 2a. pel-, pelu- : pla- | IE | to drive, propel, set in motion | |
| 802 | 2b. pel-, pel-en-, pel-t-, pel-u- | IE | dust, powder; meal, flour |
| 3a. pel- | IE | to fold | |
| 3b. pel-, pelu-, ple- | IE | to wrap, cover; cloth; fell, pelt | |
| 804 | 4. pel- | dish, vessel | |
| 804 | 5. pel- | IE | to earn, sell |
| 6. pel- | IE | gray, dull color; pallor | |
| 805 | 7. pel-, pol-, ple-, plo- | IE | to burn, be warm |
| pelu-, pla- | IE | plane, flat, wide, broad | |
| 807 | peli-s-, pel-s- | IE | fell, rock |
| 807 | pelk- : polk- | IE | to turn, bend |
| 807 | pelpo-, or polpo- | woodwork | |
| 807 | 1. pen- | IE | to feed |
| 2. pen-, pen-ko- | IE | mud, fen, swamp, water; wet | |
| 808 | penkue | IE | five, fifth |
| pent- | IE | to go, walk, pad, tread; way, path | |
| 1. per-, peru- : pre-, preu- | IE | to spray, sprinkle, drizzle | |
| 2a. per- | IE | to pass over/beyond | |
| 2b. per-, peru- | IE | to fare, ferry, transport, go/carry over | |
| 817 | 2c. per-, peru- | IE | to sell, impart |
| 818 | 2d. per- | IE | to bear (a child) |
| 818 | 2e. per- | IE | to dare, risk, try; peril, danger |
| 3. per-, per-g- | IE | to hit, kill | |
| 819 | perd- | IE | to fart, break wind (loudly) |
| 1. perg- | pole, stem, trunk | ||
| 820 | 2. perg- | IE | fear; to frighten |
| 820 | 1. perk-, prek- | to fill up | |
| 820 | 2. perk- : prk- | coals, glowing ash | |
| 820 | 1. perk- | breast, rib cage | |
| 2. perk-, prek- | IE | spotted, speckled | |
| 821 | 3. perk-, prk- | IE | to open, dig out, rip up; furrow |
| 4. perk-, prek-, prk- | IE | to request, ask/pray for | |
| perkuu-s | IE | oak | |
| 823 | pers- | to spray, sprinkle, drizzle; dust, ashes | |
| 823 | persna, persni-, persno- | IE | heel |
| 823 | perth- | pole, stick | |
| 1. pes- | IE | to blow | |
| 824 | 2. pes-, nasalized pens- | dust, sand | |
| 824 | 3. pes-, pesos | IE | penis |
| 1. pet-, pet-, petu- | IE | to stretch out (esp. arms) | |
| 2. pet-, petu- : pte-, pto-, Hellenic pta- | IE | to fall, tumble down | |
| 827 | 1. peu-, peuu- : pu- | IE | to sift, clean, purge, purify |
| 827 | 2. peu- | IE | to repute, explore, understand |
| 827 | 3. peu- | foam, froth | |
| 827 | peu- : puu- : pu- | IE | to hit; sharp |
| 828 | peuk-, and peug- | IE | to pink, stab, stick |
| 828 | peuu- | to rot, stink | |
| 828 | peuor, pur, genitive pu-n-és, locative puuéni | IE | fire |
| 829 | pezd- | IE | to break wind (softly) |
| 829 | puté(r), genitive putr-és | IE | father |
| 830 | pid- | IE | to bear, give birth? |
| 830 | pik(h)o- | knot, lump | |
| 830 | pi-lo- | IE | hair, pile, pilus |
| 830 | pi-n- | piece of wood | |
| 830 | pip(p)- | IE | to peep, squeak |
| 831 | pizda- | IE | vulva |
| 831 | plab- | IE | to babble, prattle, etc. |
| 1. pla-k- : plu-k-, ple-k- : plo-k-, plei-k-, and pelu-g- : pla-g- : plu-g- | IE | flat, wide, broad; spread out | |
| 2. plak-, plag-, also plek-, pleg- | IE | to hit, beat, fling | |
| plat-, plad-, plet-, plot-, plut- | IE | flat, wide, broad; spread out | |
| 834 | ple-, plu- | IE | to cut, split off |
| 834 | plei-, plui-, pli- | bald, bare, naked | |
| plek- | IE | to ply, pleach, plait, weave | |
| 835 | plek-, pluk-, and pleik-, plik- | IE | to flay, peel, rip, tear off |
| pleu- | IE | to flee, fly, run; flow, swim | |
| 837 | pleuk- | IE | floc, hair, feather |
| pl(e)u-mon-, pleu-tio- | IE | lung | |
| 838 | pleus- | IE | to pluck, deplume, pull out; plucked hair/feathers |
| 838 | plui-, pluu- | to broaden, show off | |
| 838 | plouto-, pluto- | (wooden object) | |
| pneu- | IE | to pant, breathe | |
| 839 | pnksti- | IE | fist |
| 839 | 1. po(i)- : pui-? : pi- | IE | to graze, pasture |
| 2. po(i)- : pi-, and (from po-), po- | IE | to bib, drink | |
| polo- : polo- | IE | big, fat, thick, swollen | |
| 841 | porko-s | IE | porker, pig(let) |
| pos | IE | about, around; by, beside; in front of | |
| 842 | po-ti | against, opposite, toward | |
| 842 | poti-s | IE | host, husband, lord, master, owner |
| pou- : puu- : pu- | IE | few, small, little; young (of animals) | |
| 843 | pougo-, or pougho- | pure, clear | |
| pra- | IE | to bend | |
| 844 | prai-, prui-, pri-, pri- | IE | to like, feel friendly/well-disposed |
| 845 | preg- | IE | greedy, covetous; willful, violent |
| 845 | prep- | IE | to catch sight of |
| 845 | pret-, prot- | IE | to understand |
| preu- | IE | to hop, jump | |
| 846 | preus- | IE | to burn, freeze |
| 846 | pris- | to granulate, reduce to small pieces | |
| 846 | pro- | to pass over/beyond | |
| 846 | prokto- : prukto- | IE | rump, backside |
| 846 | prso- | leek, onion, garlic | |
| pster-, pstereu- | IE | to sneeze | |
| 847 | ptel(e)ia | IE | (type of tree, e.g. poplar/popple) |
| 1. pu-, peu-, pou-, also phu- | IE | to blow (up) | |
| 2. pu- : peuu- | IE | to rot, stink | |
| 849 | 3. pu- | to hit; sharp | |
| 849 | 1. puk-, peuk- | IE | thick-haired |
| 849 | 2. puk- | to enclose, press together | |
| 850 | pu-lo- | IE | (stiff) hair |
| 850 | pu-ro- | IE | grain, kernel |
| 851 | phel- | to cut, split, tear off; board | |
| 851 | pher- | to rush, act rashly, push away, etc. | |
| 851 | phol- | IE | to fall |
| 851 | phu- | to blow (up) | |
| 852 | rabh-, or rebh- : rebh- | IE | to rage, be furious |
| 852 | rap-, rep- | IE | rape (plant), turnip |
| 852 | ras- | IE | to cry, (re)sound |
| 853 | 1. re-, ru-, extended re-dh- | to count, compute | |
| 853 | 2. re-, extended re-dh- | separate | |
| 853 | 3. re- | to row; oar | |
| 853 | 4. re- | to rest, be still | |
| 853 | 5. re- | dark | |
| 853 | 6. re- | to cry | |
| 853 | 1. rebh- | to move, hurry about | |
| 853 | 2. rebh- | IE | to roof, thatch |
| 853 | red-, rod- | to flow | |
| 853 | 1. red- | IE | to excite, cheer up, be joyful |
| 854 | 2. red- : rod- : rud- | IE | to gnaw, scrape, scratch |
| 854 | 1. reg-, and sreg-? | IE | to dye |
| 854 | 2. reg- | IE | to see |
| 1. reg- | IE | to regulate, make just/right; king, reign | |
| 857 | 2. reg-, rek-, rek-? | IE | damp; rain |
| 857 | reguos- | IE | darkness |
| 1. rei- | IE | to cut, reap, rive, tear, scratch | |
| 859 | 2. rei-, roi- | IE | spotted, speckled, brightly variegated |
| 3. rei-, re(i)- | IE | to cry, scream, bellow, etc. | |
| 860 | 4. rei- : rei- | IE | thing, possession |
| 860 | 5. rei- | to support | |
| 860 | 1. rei- : ri- | to count, arrange | |
| 860 | 2. rei-, roi- | nut | |
| 860 | reibh- | (onomatopoeic: to resound?) | |
| 860 | reid- | to support, lean against | |
| 861 | reidh- | IE | to ride, go (in vehicle) |
| reig-, or reig- | IE | to rig, tie, bind | |
| 862 | reig-, reig- | IE | to reach, stretch out |
| 862 | reiu-, ri- | to flow, move | |
| 862 | reik- | to stretch oneself; pole | |
| 862 | rei-r(ei)- | IE | (onomatopoeic: to quake, tremble) |
| 863 | reito-, reiti- | joint, shoulder (of animals) | |
| 863 | 1. rek- | IE | to project, tower up; pole |
| 863 | 2. rek- | IE | to reck, reckon, arrange, prepare |
| 863 | rek-, reg- | to bind | |
| 864 | rekþh- | to harm, injure | |
| 864 | rem-, remu- | IE | to rest; to support |
| remb-, romb-, romb- | to hack, hoe | ||
| 865 | rendh- | IE | to rend, rip, tear to pieces |
| 865 | rent- | thing? | |
| 865 | rep- | IE | to grab, rip out, ravish |
| 865 | 1. rep-, rep-? | IE | to creep, crawl |
| 866 | 2. rep-, rup- | IE | pole, stake, beam, rafter |
| 866 | res-, ros- | to flow | |
| 866 | ret(h)- | IE | to run, roll, rotate |
| 866 | ret-, rot-, rut- | IE | pole, rood; stem, stick, trunk |
| 1. reu-, reu-, ru- | IE | (onomatopoeic: to roar, rout, round, etc.) | |
| 2. reu-, reuu- : ru- | IE | to open, tear out, dig/rip up, etc. | |
| 871 | 3. reu-, reu-s- | to hasten | |
| 871 | 4. reu- | to search | |
| reu-b-, and reu-g- | IE | to belch, eruct, retch, vomit | |
| reudh- | IE | red | |
| 873 | reugh-m(e)n- | IE | ream, cream? |
| 873 | reus- | elm (tree) | |
| 873 | reu-smen- | IE | to chew, ruminate; throat, rumen |
| reuto-, routo-, rut- | stomach, intestines (of an animal) | ||
| 874 | reuu- : ru- | IE | to ream, open; wide, roomy |
| 874 | rezg- | IE | to plait, weave, wind |
| 874 | roi-no- | hill, road | |
| 874 | rughio- | rye | |
| 874 | ruk(k)-, rouk(k)- | IE | yarn; fabric |
| 875 | rksa | fetlock; tether | |
| 875 | rkþo-s | IE | bear (animal) |
| 876 | sa-, su- | IE | enough, satiate, sufficient |
| sag- | IE | to seek, track, trail | |
| 877 | sai- | IE | pain, illness; sore |
| 878 | saip- | IE | fence, stall, enclosure |
| 878 | sak- | IE | to sacrifice, sanctify, make a treaty |
| 1. sal- | IE | sal, salt; brackish water | |
| 879 | 2. sal- | IE | gray, dirty, sallow |
| salo- | wavy | ||
| 880 | sano-s | IE | sane, healthy? |
| 880 | sap-, sab- | IE | to taste, savvy, perceive |
| 880 | sasio- | (type of grain) | |
| 880 | sa-ti- | satiated | |
| saus-, sus- | IE | sere, dry | |
| sauel-, sauol-, suuél-, suel-, sul- | IE | Sol, sun | |
| se- | IE | self, one's own | |
| sed- | IE | to sit, set, settle | |
| 887 | 1. seg- | to sow (seed) | |
| 2. seg-, nasalized seng- | IE | to attach, tack on | |
| segh-, seghi-, seghu- | IE | to possess, hold fast, persevere, overcome; victory | |
| 889 | sei-, soi- | IE | to drip, be damp |
| 889 | 1. se(i)- | IE | to sift |
| 2. se(i)- : sui- : si-, se- : su-, and sei- : si- | IE | to sow, dispatch, disseminate, let fall | |
| 3. se(i)-, sui- : si-, and sei- : si- | IE | to bind, strap, tie | |
| 892 | se[i]dh- : sidh-, and sudh- | to aim at, strive for | |
| 893 | seik-, sik- | IE | to grip, reach for |
| seiku- | IE | to spill, pour out | |
| 894 | seip-, seib- | IE | to sift, pour out |
| 1. sek- | to run off, dry out (re: water) | ||
| 2. sek- | IE | to cut, section, dissect | |
| 896 | 3. sek- | IE | to abate; lazy, quiet |
| 1. seku- | IE | to segue, follow | |
| 2. seku- | IE | to see, notice; show, say, speak | |
| 898 | 1. sel- | IE | salon, dwelling place |
| 2. sel-, suel- | IE | sill, beam, board | |
| 899 | 3. sel- | IE | to grab, seize, take |
| 899 | 4. sel- | IE | to jump, leap, spring, exult |
| 900 | 5. sel- | to creep, crawl | |
| 900 | 6. sel-, selu- : sla- | IE | lucky, favorable; luck |
| selg- | IE | to pour out, set free, send/throw away | |
| 901 | selk- | IE | to pull, drag; sulcus, furrow |
| 901 | selos- | IE | sea, lake, swamp |
| 901 | selp- | IE | salve, fat, butter |
| 1. sem- | to draw, pour, scoop | ||
| 2. sem- | IE | one, some, together | |
| 905 | 3. sem- | IE | summer |
| semi- | IE | half, semi- | |
| 906 | sen-, sene-, sen(e)u-, senu- | IE | to prepare, work on |
| 906 | sendhro- | IE | clotted, coagulated; fluid, melted, etc. |
| 906 | sengu- | IE | to sink, sag, fall |
| senguh- | IE | to sing | |
| 907 | seni-, senu-, seni-, sn-ter- | IE | for oneself; sundry, separate |
| 907 | senk- | IE | to singe, burn, dry |
| sen(o)- | IE | old, senile, senior | |
| 908 | sent- | IE | to send, go, choose direction; to sense |
| 909 | sep- | IE | to honor, care for, concern oneself with |
| 909 | septm | IE | seven |
| 1. ser- | IE | to flow, stream | |
| 910 | 2. ser- | IE | to serve, guard, protect, shelter |
| 3. ser-, sor- | IE | red | |
| 911 | 4. ser- | IE | to insert, line up, put/bind together |
| 5. ser-, extended serp- | IE | sickle | |
| 912 | serk- | IE | to fence; hedge, plaited work |
| 912 | serp- | IE | to creep, crawl |
| 1. seu-, seuu- : su- | IE | sop, soup, juice, liquid | |
| 2. seu-, seuu-, su- | IE | to bear (a child); son | |
| 914 | 3. seu- : su-, seuu- : su- | to bend, turn | |
| 4. seu-, seu-t- | IE | to seethe, boil | |
| 915 | seug- | IE | sad, sick, grievous, afflicted |
| 915 | seuu-, su- | to leave behind? | |
| 915 | seuio- | (to the) left | |
| 915 | sie[u]-ro- : siu-ur(io)- | brother-in-law | |
| siu-, siu- | IE | to sew | |
| 916 | skabh-, skambh- | IE | to support |
| (s)kai- | IE | bright, shining | |
| 917 | (s)k(h)ai-, (s)k(h)ai-d-, (s)k(h)ai-t- | IE | to cuff, kick |
| skai-, skui- : ski- | IE | to shine/shimmer dully; shadow | |
| 918 | (s)kamb-, and (s)kemb- | IE | to bend, curve, hump |
| 918 | (s)kand-, (s)kend- | to glow; bright | |
| (s)k(h)ed-, (s)k(h)e-n-d- | IE | to crush, shatter, split to pieces | |
| 919 | sked- | to cover | |
| skei- | IE | to cut, skive, exscind, separate | |
| 922 | skei-bh-, nasalized ski-m-bh- | to limp; slanting | |
| (s)kek-, skeg- | IE | to jump, spring, move quickly; shake | |
| 1. (s)kel- | IE | to cut, halve | |
| 927 | 2. (s)kel- | IE | to owe, be guilty |
| 927 | 3. (s)kel- | IE | to parch, dessicate, dry out |
| 928 | 4. (s)kel-, extended kla-, klo- | IE | to bend; crooked |
| 928 | 5. (s)kuel-, (s)kel- | to call, resound | |
| 929 | (s)kel- | to jump, spring | |
| 929 | skhel- | to stumble | |
| 929 | (s)kem- | IE | deformed, disabled, mutilated; hornless |
| (s)ken-(d-) | IE | to skin, flay, split off | |
| 930 | skendh- | IE | to dive, plunge |
| 930 | (s)keng- | IE | to hobble; lame, slanted |
| 930 | 1. (s)kep- | to hide, cover | |
| 2. (s)kep-, (s)kop-, and (s)kap-, (s)keb(h)-, skob(h)-, and skab(h)- | IE | to cut, shave, split with sharp tool | |
| 933 | 1. (s)ker- | to shrink, dry out, wrinkle up; dry, thin | |
| 2. (s)ker-, skeru- : skre- | IE | to jump | |
| 3. (s)ker- | IE | to bend, curve, turn | |
| 4. (s)ker-, (s)keru-, (s)kre- | IE | to cut, shear, score, scribe | |
| 947 | 5. (s)ker- | (onomatopoeic: hoarse sound) | |
| 947 | (s)kuer- | to do, make | |
| sker-(d-) | IE | to defecate; dung, excrement | |
| (s)kerb(h)-, (s)kreb(h)-, nasalized (s)kremb- | IE | to curve, turn | |
| 949 | (s)ker-dh-, (s)kor-dh- | small, pitiful, miserable | |
| (s)kert-s- | across, straight along | ||
| 950 | sket- : skut- | IE | to jump, spring |
| 950 | sketh-, skuth- | IE | to scold, scathe, injure, damage |
| 1. (s)keu- | to perform, carry out | ||
| 2. (s)keu-, (s)keuu : (s)ku- | IE | to hide, wrap, cover | |
| 953 | 3. skeu-, kseu- | to sneeze | |
| 954 | 4. (s)keu- | to notice, observe, pay attention to | |
| 954 | 5. skeu- | to push, shoot, throw | |
| 954 | 6. skeu(-t)- | IE | to cut, scratch, separate |
| skeu- | IE | to push, shoot, throw | |
| 955 | skeub-, skeubh-, skeug- | IE | to shove, move, shoot, throw |
| 955 | 1. skeud- | to grumble, protest; unwilling | |
| 2. (s)keud- | IE | to shoot, throw | |
| 956 | (s)keup-, skeub(h)- | IE | sheaf, bunch, flock, etc. |
| (s)keut-, (s)keudh- | to shrink, shrivel up | ||
| 957 | sklek-, skluk- | to spray, sprinkle; wet | |
| 957 | skordho- | pan, vessel; potsherd | |
| 957 | skot- | IE | shade, shadow, darkness |
| (s)kut- | IE | to shake, shudder | |
| 958 | (s)kualo-s | IE | (type of large fish, e.g. whale) |
| 958 | skuerb(h)- | to pierce, stick (of thorns) | |
| 958 | sk(h)uoi-, sk(h)ui(i)- | thorn, needle | |
| 958 | (s)lagu- | IE | to grab, latch, seize |
| 959 | slak- | IE | to hit, hammer |
| 959 | (s)leb-, (s)lob-, (s)lep-, (s)lop- | lip; to hang down slackly | |
| (s)leg- : (s)lug-, and (s)leg- | IE | weak, feeble, languid | |
| 960 | slegu- | to oppress, maltreat, mishandle | |
| 960 | (s)leib- | to slip; slimy | |
| (s)leidh- | IE | to slide; slippery | |
| 961 | (s)leig- | to hack, hit | |
| slenk-, sleng- | IE | to turn, wind; creep, slink | |
| 962 | sler- | chasm | |
| (s)leu- | IE | slack, feeble, loosely hanging | |
| sleub(h)- | IE | to slide, slip | |
| 964 | (s)leug-, (s)leuk- | IE | to swallow |
| 964 | (s)leug-, (s)leuk- | IE | to slide, slip |
| (s)leup-, (s)leub(h)- | IE | to hang slackly | |
| 965 | (s)li- : slui-, or sloi-, sli-uo- | IE | livid, bluish |
| 965 | slougo-, slouga- (fem.) | IE | help, service |
| (s)lrg-, and sler- | (onomatopoeic: to swallow) | ||
| 966 | sme, sma | IE | really, truly (emphatic particle) |
| sme-, smei-, sm-ei- | IE | to rub, smear | |
| 967 | smeg(h)- | IE | to smack, taste |
| 1. (s)mei-, smeu- | IE | to smile | |
| 968 | 2. smei- : smui- : smi- | IE | to carve, work with sharp tool |
| 968 | 3. smei-, smeid-, smeig-, smeik- | to rub, smear | |
| 968 | smeit-, smit- | IE | to throw |
| 968 | smek- | beard, chin | |
| 969 | 1. smel- | IE | to smolder, burn slowly |
| 969 | 2. smel- | IE | gray |
| (s)mer- | IE | to mourn, remember, think of, care for | |
| 970 | smerd-, smord- | IE | to stink |
| smeru- | IE | fat, grease, smear | |
| 971 | smeu- | to laugh, smile | |
| 971 | (s)meukh-, (s)meug-, (s)meugh- | IE | to smoke; smoke |
| 971 | smog- | heavy, burdensome | |
| sna-, snu-(t-), snau-, sn-eu-, sn-et- | IE | to flow, swim; damp | |
| (s)nadh- | to cut, slice | ||
| 973 | (s)ne-, and (s)nei- | IE | to spin, twist threads together |
| (s)nebh-ri-, (s)nobh-ri- | thin, narrow | ||
| 974 | sneig- | IE | to crawl, snake |
| 974 | sneiguh- | IE | to snow; snow |
| 974 | sneit- | IE | to cut |
| snep-, snop-, snup- | to gather in sheaves/bundles; twist into rope | ||
| 975 | 1. (s)ner-, (s)nur- | IE | to snarl, growl |
| 2. (s)ner- | IE | to turn, wind, etc. | |
| 977 | (s)nerb- | IE | to cut? |
| 977 | sneu- | to flow, swim; damp | |
| 977 | sneu- : snu-, and sneu- | IE | to turn, bind, attach; band, sinew |
| sneubh- | IE | to woo, marry | |
| 978 | 1. sneud(h)- | IE | to drowse, slumber; drowsy, sleepy |
| 978 | 2. sneudh- | IE | fog, mist |
| 978 | snusós | IE | daughter-in-law |
| so(s), sa | IE | (nom. sg. demonstrative stem: he, she) | |
| 979 | soi-to- | magic | |
| solo-, sol(e)uo- | IE | whole, well-kept, salubrious | |
| 980 | so[u]ra : sora | calf (of leg) | |
| 980 | spako- | point; small drop | |
| 980 | sp(h)e-, sp(h)u-(dh-) | IE | long flat piece of wood |
| 981 | speg-, or spog- | IE | to watch sharply, be attentive |
| 1. (s)p(h)ei- : (s)p(h)i- | IE | sharp/pointed stick: spile, spit, etc. | |
| 982 | 2. sp(h)ei : sp(h)i, and sp(h)e : sp(h)u- | IE | to pull, drag |
| 3. sp(h)e(i)-, spi-, and sphe- : sphu- | IE | to fatten, prosper, succeed, etc. | |
| 984 | spek- | IE | to watch, inspect, spy on |
| 985 | (s)pel- | IE | to speak aloud, tell with emphasis |
| 1. (s)p(h)el- | IE | to cut, split, spall, tear off; board | |
| 987 | 2. (s)p(h)el- | IE | to shine, glitter |
| 987 | (s)p(h)elg- | to split, splinter | |
| 987 | sp(h)elgh(en), splengh-, splegh- | IE | milt; spleen |
| 988 | 1. (s)pen(-d)- | IE | to pull, spin |
| 989 | 2. *(s)pen-, (s)pon-, (s)pondho- | wooden pail | |
| 989 | spend- | IE | to offer a libation |
| 989 | sp(h)e(n)d- | to shake, quiver | |
| sp(h)eng- | IE | to shine, glitter | |
| 990 | speno-, steno-, p(u)steno- | teat, breast, nipple | |
| 1. (s)per- | IE | pole, spar, rafter | |
| 991 | 2. sper(-g)- | IE | (type of bird, esp. sparrow) |
| 3. sper- | IE | to turn, wind | |
| 992 | 4. (s)p(h)er-, (s)p(h)erug- | to rip, tear; rag, snippet | |
| 1. sp(h)er-, sp(h)eru- | IE | to rush, push away, act rashly, etc. | |
| 2. (s)p(h)er-, sprei-, spreu- | IE | to sow, strew, spread, scatter, sprinkle | |
| 995 | 3. sp(h)er- | balls of goat/sheep excrement | |
| sp(h)erd(h)-, (s)p(h)red(h)-, nasalized sp(h)rend(h)- | IE | to rush, sprint, spring; running | |
| *(s)p(h)ereg-, (s)p(h)erug-, (s)p(h)reg-, nasalized spreng- | IE | to rush, hurry; strew, sprinkle, disperse | |
| 998 | spergh-, spregh-, nasalized sprengh- | IE | to rush, hurry, spring, jump |
| (s)p(h)eu-d- | to press, hurry | ||
| 999 | (s)piko- | IE | woodpecker (or other large bird) |
| 999 | (s)pingo- | IE | finch, sparrow |
| (s)p(h)ieu- : (s)piu-, (s)piu- | IE | to spit, spew, sputter | |
| 1000 | (s)plei- | IE | to cut, split |
| 1000 | (s)pleigh- | to splay (legs) | |
| 1001 | (s)poimno- | IE | foam, spume, spray |
| 1001 | sprei-, spreu- | to sow, strew, scatter | |
| 1001 | sp(h)reig- | to teem, abound, overflow | |
| 1001 | sraku-to- | sharp-edged | |
| 1001 | srebh-, srbh-, and serbh- | IE | to sip, slurp, swallow |
| sr-edh-, sr-et- | IE | to boil, spout, whirl | |
| 1002 | (s)reigh- | to creep, climb, clamber | |
| 1002 | srenk- | IE | to snore |
| 1002 | sreno- | body part (e.g. hip, loins) | |
| 1002 | sresk- | to drip, drizzle | |
| 1003 | sreu- | IE | to stream, flow |
| 1004 | sreup- | dirty, scabby | |
| 1004 | srig-, srigos- | IE | cold, frost |
| 1004 | sromo- | lame | |
| sta- : stu- | IE | to stand | |
| 1010 | stag- | IE | to drip, drizzle, trickle |
| 1010 | (s)tai- | IE | to steal, do secretly |
| stai-, sti-, sti-a- | IE | to condense, press together; stiff; stone | |
| 1011 | stak-, stek- | IE | to place, stand |
| steb(h)-, and steb(h)- : stubh-, nasalized stemb(h)-, step-, also step-?, nasalized stemp-, nominal stubho-s, stemb(h)ro-s, stomb(h)o-s | IE | stump, post, pillar; to support, etc. | |
| 1. (s)teg- | IE | to deck, thatch, cover; house, roof | |
| 1014 | 2. (s)teg- | IE | stake, pole, beam |
| stegh-, nasalized stengh- | IE | stick, stalk, stang, etc. | |
| 1015 | (s)tei- | IE | sharp, pointed; spike, style, stylus |
| steib(h)-, stib(h)-, steip-, stip- | IE | stick, pole, stake; stiff | |
| (s)teig- | IE | to stick, prick; sharp | |
| steigh- | IE | to climb, ascend; stride, march | |
| 1018 | (s)teigu- | IE | arm, shoulder; thigh, hip |
| 1018 | (s)teiguh- | to endure, wait patiently | |
| 1018 | 1. (s)tel- | to urinate, let flow | |
| 2. stel-, stelu- | IE | to dilate, broaden, stretch out; broad | |
| 3. stel- | IE | to put, place | |
| 1021 | stem- | to push, thrust; stumble, stutter | |
| 1021 | 1. (s)ten- | IE | to drone, groan, thunder, etc. |
| 2. sten- | IE | to narrow, hem in | |
| 1. (s)ter-, (s)teru- : (s)tre- | IE | stark, stiff, solid, rigid, etc. | |
| 2. ster- | IE | star | |
| 1028 | 3. ster- | IE | to rob, steal |
| 4. ster-, also steru- : stre-, strei-, streu- | IE | line, streak, strip, stripe | |
| 5. ster-, steru- : stre-, steru- : streu- | IE | to strew, scatter, spread out | |
| 1031 | 6. ster- | IE | barren, sterile, unfruitful |
| 1031 | 7. (s)ter-n- | IE | thorn, prickly stalk |
| 8. (s)ter- | IE | dung, stercory, dirty water; to rot, befoul | |
| 1032 | sterg-, sterk- | IE | to care for, pay careful attention to |
| 1. (s)teu- | IE | to hit, push, thrust | |
| 1035 | 2. steu- | IE | to praise (aloud) |
| 1035 | steuu- | to coagulate, become dense/thick | |
| 1035 | stilp-, stilb- | IE | to shine; to look, show |
| 1035 | stomen- | IE | mouth, stoma |
| 1036 | storos, stornos, strnos? | IE | starling, songbird |
| 1036 | 1. streig- | IE | to halt, pause, falter, be(come) stuck |
| 1036 | 2. streig- | IE | taut, stiff, strict; to twist; rope |
| 1036 | 3. (s)treig-, streid(h)- | IE | to hiss |
| strenk-, streng- | IE | tight, cramped; cord, string | |
| 1037 | (s)trep-, (s)treb- | IE | to cry, make wild noises |
| 1037 | stru- | gray-haired, old (man) | |
| su-, su- | good, well | ||
| su-s, suu-ós | IE | pig, sow, swine | |
| 1039 | su-ro-, sou-ro- | IE | sour, bitter, salty; cheese |
| 1039 | 1. sus- | to whistle (of wind) | |
| 1039 | 2. sus- | parent, creator, producer | |
| suad- | IE | sweet; to enjoy something | |
| 1040 | suard- | to laugh | |
| suei-, sui- | IE | to pipe, whistle, sibilate | |
| sue(i)- | IE | to bend, turn, swing, swivel | |
| 1042 | 1. sueid- | IE | to shine, glisten |
| 1043 | 2. sueid- | IE | to sweat, perspire; sweat |
| 1043 | sueid- | milk | |
| 1043 | suek- | to smell (good) | |
| suekru- | husband's mother | ||
| 1044 | sueks, seks, kseks, ksueks, ueks : uks | IE | six |
| 1044 | s(u)ekuo-s | IE | sap, pitch, resin |
| 1045 | 1. suel(-k)- | IE | to eat, drink, swill, swallow |
| 1045 | 2. suel- | IE | to burn, smolder, swelter |
| 1046 | 3. suel-, suol-, sul- | IE | sole of foot; ground |
| 1046 | 4. suel- | beam, board | |
| 1046 | sue-lo-, sueliio(n)- | brother-in-law | |
| 1046 | suelplo-s | IE | sulphur |
| 1046 | suem- | IE | to swim, move |
| suen- | IE | to sound, resound | |
| 1047 | (s)uendh- | to dwindle, disappear | |
| sueng-, suenk- : sueg-, suek- | IE | to bend, swing, swag | |
| 1048 | suenk-, sunk- | IE | heavy; pregnant |
| 1048 | suento-, sunto- | IE | sound, active, healthy, vigorous |
| 1. suep-, sup- | IE | to sleep | |
| 1049 | 2. suep-, sup-, sueb- | IE | to throw |
| 1049 | 1. suer-, also ser-? | IE | to speak, swear, answer |
| 2. suer- | IE | to buzz, hiss | |
| 1050 | 3. suer- | stake | |
| 1050 | 4. suer- | IE | to cut, prick, pierce |
| 1050 | 5. suer- | heavy | |
| suerbh-, also suer-? | IE | to turn, sweep, swerve | |
| 1051 | suergh- | IE | to be ill; to sorrow, care for |
| 1051 | suesor- | IE | sister |
| 1052 | sui- | IE | to fade, dwindle, become silent |
| 1052 | suomb(h)o-s | IE | porous, spongy, swampy |
| 1052 | suordo-s | IE | black, swarthy; dark/dirty color |
| ta-, tu-, tai-, tui-, ti-; [tau-], tuu-, tu- | IE | to thaw, melt, decay, dissipate | |
| 1054 | tad- | to act purposefully | |
| tag-, or teg- : tog- : teg- | IE | to grip, seize, touch | |
| 1055 | tag- | IE | to tidy up |
| 1055 | tak-, take(i)- | IE | to be tacit, silent |
| 1055 | tal- | IE | to grow, turn green; plant, young sprout |
| 1056 | 1. tap- | to dip | |
| 1056 | 2. tap- | IE | to press down/together |
| 1056 | tata-, and similarly teta- | IE | daddy (nursery word) |
| taus- | calm, still, silent, peaceful | ||
| 1057 | teg- | to cover | |
| 1057 | teg-, tug- | to burn | |
| 1057 | tegu- | IE | thick, fat |
| 1057 | tei- | sharp, pointed; spike | |
| 1057 | teig- | to prick, stick; sharp | |
| 1057 | teigu- | arm, shoulder; thigh, hip | |
| 1057 | 1. tek- | IE | to bear, produce |
| 2. tek- | IE | to reach, stretch out (hand) for | |
| 1058 | 3. tek- | IE | to plait, weave |
| tekþ- | IE | to plait | |
| teku- | IE | to flow, run | |
| 1. tel-, telu-, tle(i)-, tla- | IE | to bear, carry; weigh, lift up | |
| 1061 | 2. tel-, telu-, telu- | IE | flat (board, ground) |
| 3. tel- | to be calm/still | ||
| 1062 | 4. tel- | to urinate, let flow | |
| 1062 | telegh- | to hit | |
| 1062 | telek- | IE | to hit, push |
| 1062 | telp- | to have room; spacious | |
| 1. tem-, tend- | IE | to cut | |
| 1063 | 2. tem- | stunned, confused | |
| tem(u)- | IE | dark | |
| temp- | IE | to span, stretch, extend | |
| 1. ten-, tend- | IE | to span, stretch, extend | |
| 1067 | 2. ten- | to drone, groan, thunder, etc. | |
| 1067 | tend- | to cut | |
| 1067 | tenugos, tenugos | ground (under water) | |
| 1067 | 1. teng- | IE | to dunk, soak, wet |
| 1067 | 2. teng- | to feel, think | |
| 1067 | tengh- | to span, extend; pull, stretch | |
| 1067 | 1. tenk- | IE | to span, extend; pull, stretch |
| 1068 | 2. tenk- | IE | to clot, thicken, contract; tight, solid |
| tens- | IE | to span, stretch, extend | |
| 1069 | tenu-s, tenu-s | IE | thin |
| tep- | IE | to be warm, tepid | |
| 1070 | 1. ter- | to quiver, tremble | |
| 2. ter-, teru- | IE | weak, feeble, tender, fragile | |
| 3. ter-, teru-, and teri-, trei-, tri-, also teru- : treu- | IE | to bore, drill, rub, thresh | |
| 4. ter-, teru- : tr-, tra-, teru- | IE | to cross, get over, etc. | |
| 5. ter- | IE | through, over, etc. | |
| 1076 | 6. ter- | (boring/gnawing insect) | |
| 1076 | 7. ter-, teru-, terbh-, terd-, terg-, terp- | stiff, rigid, solid, etc. | |
| 1076 | terd-, tred- | to bore, drill through | |
| tergu- | to warn, threaten; fright, horror | ||
| 1077 | terk-, trek-, tork-, trok- | IE | to torque, turn |
| terp-, trep- | IE | to enjoy, satisfy oneself | |
| ters- | IE | to toast, dry; thirst | |
| 1079 | tet(e)r- | (onomatopoeic: to quack) | |
| 1079 | 1. teu-, teud-, teug-, teuk-, teup- | to hit, push, thrust | |
| 2. teu- | IE | to notice, observe, listen to | |
| teu-, tuu-, teuu-, tuo-, tu- | IE | to swell, intumesce | |
| 1085 | teuk- | germ, seed, sprout, offspring | |
| 1085 | teup- | IE | to crouch down, conceal oneself |
| 1085 | teus- | to empty | |
| 1085 | teuu-, tua- | to sift | |
| 1086 | ti-ti-, (ti)til- | (onomatopoeic: chirping of small bird) | |
| 1086 | tiegu- | to retreat, step back in fear; shy | |
| 1. to-, ta-, tio- | IE | that, him (neut. or non-nom. demonstrative stem) | |
| 1088 | 2. to- | (prefix) | |
| 1088 | tolku- | IE | to speak |
| 1088 | 1. tong-, *teng- | IE | to think, feel |
| 1088 | 2. tong- | to touch, grip, seize | |
| 1088 | top- | IE | to reach, stay; place |
| tor-, toro-s | IE | loud, distinct, audible | |
| 1089 | tragh-, trogh-, and tregh- | IE | to drag, train, pull, move |
| 1090 | treb-, trob-, treb-, or trub-, trb- | IE | building, dwelling |
| 1090 | treg- | to make an effort, use all one's strength; battle, force; solid | |
| trei- | IE | three, trio | |
| 1092 | treig- | to hiss | |
| 1092 | treisti-, or tristi- | sulky, moody, stubborn | |
| 1092 | trek- | IE | to pull, run |
| trem-, trems- | IE | to shake, tremble; to stomp, trample | |
| 1093 | 1. trenk- | IE | to throng, push, press together |
| 1094 | 2. trenk- | to wash, bathe, cleanse | |
| 1094 | 1. trep- | IE | to trip, tread, trample |
| 1094 | 2. trep- | IE | to bow the head, turn away in shame |
| 1095 | 3. trep-, treb- | to cry, make wild noises | |
| 1095 | tres-, ters-, *teres- | IE | to quiver, tremble |
| 1095 | treu- | to prosper | |
| tr-eu-d- | IE | to thrust, push, press, squash | |
| 1096 | triiuto-, trito- | sea; wet, watery | |
| 1096 | tris- | vine; stem, stalk | |
| 1096 | trozdos- : trzdos- | IE | thrush, blackbird |
| trudes- | scratchy; leprosy? | ||
| 1097 | truk- | to cut | |
| 1097 | trus- | reed | |
| 1097 | tu, tutu | IE | (onomatopoeic: chirping of bird) |
| tu | IE | thou, you | |
| 1098 | tu-lo- | slow, lazy, sluggish; boring | |
| 1098 | 1. tuak-, tuk- | to bind, close up, pull together | |
| 1098 | 2. tuak- | IE | to bathe |
| 1099 | tuakos | skin | |
| 1099 | 1. tuei- | to hack, hew, cut down, hit sharply | |
| 1099 | 2. tuei-, extended tuei-s- | IE | to shake, excite, move back and forth, shimmer |
| 1099 | tuen- | to hit, push, thrust | |
| tuengh- | IE | to twinge, oppress, constrain, close in | |
| 1. tuer- : tur-, and tur- | IE | to twirl, turn | |
| 1101 | 2. tuer- : tur-, tueru- | IE | to grab, hold |
| 1102 | tuerk- | IE | to cut |
| 1102 | tuibh- | hollow | |
| 1102 | tuo[u]- : tuuu- : tu-l- | pipe, tube | |
| 1103 | 1. u- | (onomatopoeic: owl's hoot, etc.) | |
| 1103 | 2. u- | ooh! (interjection of pain) | |
| 1103 | ub- | to drag, press down | |
| ud- | IE | out, away, up(wards) | |
| udero-, uedero- | IE | belly, uterus | |
| 1105 | ul- | IE | (onomatopoeic: to howl, ululate) |
| upér, upéri | IE | over, above | |
| upo, up, eup, (e)up-s- | IE | under, (from) below, etc. | |
| 1108 | 1. ua-, uo-, uu- | to hit, wound | |
| 1108 | uen- | IE | to hit, wound |
| 2. ua- | IE | (to pull) apart | |
| 1109 | uab- | IE | to call, cry, weep, lament |
| 1109 | uadh- | IE | pledge |
| 1109 | uadh-, uudh- | IE | to go, wade, stride, march |
| 1110 | 1. uag- | IE | sheath, cover, hollow lid |
| 1110 | 2. uag- | to cry, shriek | |
| 1110 | uagh-, suagh- | IE | to cry, shriek, sough |
| uai | IE | woe; wolf | |
| 1111 | uai-, ui- | IE | weak, miserable |
| 1111 | uaka | IE | cow |
| ual-, ual-d(h)- | IE | to prevail, be strong | |
| 1112 | uank- | beam | |
| 1112 | 1. uap- | to chatter | |
| 2. uap-, up- | IE | to call, cry | |
| 1113 | uasto-s | to lack; empty | |
| 1113 | 1. uat-, better uot- | IE | wood, vatic, mentally animated |
| 1113 | 2. uat- | IE | to bend, curve |
| uazdh-, better uozdh- | long, wide | ||
| 1114 | 1. ue-, uei- | IE | we two (dual), we (plural) |
| 1114 | 2. ue-, uedh- | to weave | |
| 1114 | 3. ue-, uu- | IE | to blow |
| 1114 | 4. ue-, uo-, ues- | from, away, downward | |
| 1114 | 5. ue-, uo- | other; that (one) | |
| 1114 | 1. uebh- | IE | to plait, weave, waver, move back and forth |
| 2. uebh- | to roam, swarm, wander | ||
| 1115 | ued- | to lead | |
| 1115 | 1. uedh- | IE | to hit, push |
| 2. uedh-, before nasals ued- | IE | to lead | |
| 3. uedh- | to tie, bind, attach | ||
| 1117 | ueg- | IE | to bind, weave |
| ueg- | IE | fresh, strong | |
| 1118 | uegu- : ugu-, ukus- | IE | damp, moist; to wet, sprinkle, irrigate; ox |
| uegh- | IE | to move, drive, carry, convey | |
| 1120 | uug- : uag- | bent, curved | |
| 1. uei-, ueiu- : ui- | IE | to bend, turn, wind | |
| 1123 | 2. uei-, ueiu- : ui- | IE | to wizen, wither |
| 3. uei-, ueiu- : ui- | IE | to wish, pursue, go for, reach towards; strong, violent | |
| 1124 | ueib- | to sway, turn | |
| 1124 | 1. ueid- | to bend, turn | |
| 2. u(e)id- | IE | to vide, see, wit, know | |
| ueidh-, uidh- | IE | to divide, separate; widow | |
| 1128 | 1. ueik- | IE | to choose, filter, sort out |
| 2. ueik- | IE | force, energy (in battle, victory, etc.) | |
| 1129 | 3. ueik- | IE | to happen, become equal, come together |
| 4. ueik-, ueig-, extended form of uei- | IE | to bend, curve; exchange, pass around | |
| 1131 | ueik-, uik-, uoiko- | IE | house, village, settlement |
| ueip-, ueib- | IE | to turn, whip, sway, vibrate | |
| 1133 | 1. ueis- | IE | to grow, sprout |
| 2. ueis- | to bend, turn | ||
| 1134 | 3. ueis- | IE | to flow (away); ooze, virus, poison |
| uek-, ue-n-k- | to bend | ||
| 1135 | uuk- : *uak- | IE | bent |
| 1135 | uek- | IE | to want, wish |
| ueku- | IE | to voice, speak, evoke | |
| 1136 | uek-ti- | IE | whit, thing |
| 1. uel- | IE | to see | |
| 2. uel-, ulei-, ule(i)- | IE | to will, want, wish, choose | |
| 1138 | 3. uel- | IE | to crowd, press, push |
| 4. uel-, uelu- | IE | wool, hair; grass, wold, forest | |
| 1140 | 5. uel-, uelu- | to deceive | |
| 1140 | 6. uel- | warm | |
| 7. uel-, uelu-, ule- | IE | to turn, wind; round, voluble | |
| 8. uel- | IE | to steal; to wound, tear, avulse | |
| 1145 | 1. uelk- | to pull, drag | |
| 2. uelk-, uelg- | IE | wet, damp | |
| 1146 | uem-, uemu- | IE | to spit, spew, wamble, vomit |
| 1. uen-, uenu- | IE | to love, venerate, strive/wish for | |
| 1147 | 2. uen- | to hit, wound | |
| 1148 | 1. uendh- | IE | to turn, wind, wend |
| 1148 | 2. uendh- | to wane, disappear | |
| 1148 | 3. uendh- | hair, beard | |
| ue-n-g- | IE | bent | |
| 1149 | ue-n-gh- | IE | bent |
| 1149 | ue-n-k- | bent | |
| 1149 | 1. *uep- : uop- : up- | water | |
| 1149 | 2. uep- | to strew, throw out | |
| uep- : uup- | to blow; to soar | ||
| 1. uer-, also suer- | IE | to bind, attach; strive | |
| 2. uer- | IE | highland, raised place; high, top | |
| 1152 | 3. uer- | IE | to bend, turn, wrap |
| 1152 | 3a. uer-, urmi-s, urmo-s | IE | worm |
| 1153 | 3b. uer-, uer-b-, and uer-bh- | IE | to bend, turn, warp |
| 3c. uer-, u(e)r-ed- | IE | to sway, bend down | |
| 1154 | 3d. uer-, uer-g- | IE | to turn, wrench |
| 3e. uer-, uer-gh- | IE | to turn, press, wring, strangle | |
| 1155 | 3f. uer-, uer-k- | IE | to bend, turn, wind |
| 1156 | 3g. uer-, uer-p-, ur-ep- | IE | to turn, wind |
| 3h. uer-, uer-t- | IE | to turn, wind, invert | |
| 3i. uer-, ur-ei- | IE | to clench the teeth; wroth, confused | |
| 1160 | 4. uer- | IE | to find, take |
| 5. uer- | IE | to shut, close, cover; guard, warn, save | |
| 6. uer- | IE | to speak, talk formally | |
| 7. uer- | IE | to root, open, tear up | |
| 1164 | 8. uer- | IE | to notice, observe, attend, be aware |
| 1165 | 9. uer- : ueru-s | IE | wide, broad |
| 1165 | 10. uer- | to flow; wet; water, river, etc. | |
| 11. uer-, ueru- | IE | to show friendship; true, very, veracious, trustworthy | |
| 1166 | 12. uer- | IE | to burn |
| 1166 | 13. uer- | IE | squirrel, weasel, etc. |
| 1167 | u(e)rad-, uerud-, urud- | IE | root, branch, twig |
| 1167 | uerdh-, uredh- | IE | to grow; high |
| 1168 | 1. uerg-, ureg- | IE | to (en)close, shut off; pen |
| 2. uerg-, ureg- | IE | to do, work, be effective | |
| 1169 | 3. uerg-, uorg- | IE | to abound, be very strong; to swarm, swell |
| 1169 | uer-g-, uer-gh-, uer-k- | to bend, turn | |
| 1169 | uer-(e)na | IE | alder, poplar |
| uers- | IE | to drag along the ground | |
| 1170 | ueren- | IE | lamb, ram, sheep |
| 1. ues- | IE | to live, stay overnight | |
| 1171 | 2. ues- | IE | to feast |
| 3. ues- | IE | to ooze, dampen; wet | |
| 1172 | 4. ues- | to stick, stab, pierce | |
| 5. ues- | IE | to dress, clothe, wear | |
| 1173 | 6. ues- | you (plural) | |
| 1173 | 7. ues- | to turn, wind, wrap | |
| 1173 | 8. ues- | IE | to buy, sell, exchange |
| 1173 | ues-no- | price | |
| 1173 | 9. ues- | to shine | |
| uesperos, uekeros | IE | vesper, evening | |
| 1174 | ues-r | IE | spring |
| uesu- | IE | good | |
| 1175 | uet- | IE | year |
| 1. ui- | IE | apart, separate from, in two; both | |
| 1176 | 2. ui-, uoi- | (onomatopoeic root) | |
| 1177 | uidhu- | IE | tree, wood |
| 1177 | ui-kmt-i | IE | twenty |
| 1177 | uiks- | mistletoe, tree with sticky(?) sap | |
| 1177 | uing-, and ueig-, uig-? | elm (tree) | |
| uiro-s | IE | man, warrior | |
| 1178 | uieth-, uith- | to shake | |
| 1178 | ulek-, ulk- | to light, shine; fiery | |
| ulkuos | IE | wolf, lobo | |
| 1179 | ulp-, lup- | IE | (carnivorous animal, esp. fox, wolf, etc.) |
| 1179 | uobhsa | IE | wasp |
| uoguhni-s, uoguhnes- | IE | plowshare | |
| 1180 | uokso- | IE | wax |
| 1180 | uoro- | IE | madness; dizziness, weariness |
| 1180 | uortoko- | IE | quail |
| 1180 | 1. uragh- : urugh- | spike, thorn | |
| 1181 | 2. uragh- : urugh- | to hit, push | |
| 1181 | ureg-, and uerg-? | IE | to drag, push, drive, thrust |
| ureg-, urog-, urug- | IE | to break | |
| 1182 | urek- | to speak, talk formally | |
| 1182 | ureik-, uereik- | heather | |
| 1182 | uren- | to splash, sprinkle | |
| 1183 | ureth- : uroth-, or urath- | to support | |
| 1183 | urughio- | IE | rye |