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Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

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Pokorny Etymon: ansu-, nsu- 'ghost, spirit, demon'

Semantic Field: Demon, Evil Spirit

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
Old English:	os	n.str.masc	god; (name for) O-rune	IEW/GED
English:	Aesir	prop.n	tribe of gods (Norse mythology)	LRC
	Asgard	prop.n	realm of Aesir (Norse mythology)	LRC
W-Germanic
Old Saxon:	os	n.str.masc	(name for) O-rune	GED
German:	Asen	n.pl	gods, Aesir	LRC
N-Germanic
Runic:	a(n)su-gisalas	n	god's hostage	GED/IEW
	a(n)suR	n	god	IEW
	*ansuz	n	god; (name for) A-rune	LRC
Old Norse:	asgarðr	n	Asgard	W7
	áss	n.masc	god	LRC
Old Icelandic:	ass	n.str.masc	god	GED
	oss	n.str.masc	(name for) O-rune	GED
E-Germanic
Gothic:	anses	n.pl	demigods, half-gods	GED
	aza	n	(name for) A-rune	GED
Iranian
Avestan:	ahura-	n	lord, ruler	IEW
	anghu-	n	world; (breath of) life	IEW
Indic
Sanskrit:	ásu-	n	world; (breath of) life	IEW
	ásu-ra-	n	lord, ruler	IEW

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
masc	=	masculine (gender)
n	=	noun
pl	=	plural (number)
prop	=	proper
str	=	strong (inflection)

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
GED	=	Winfred P. Lehmann: A Gothic Etymological Dictionary (1986)
IEW	=	Julius Pokorny: Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (1959)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

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