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Indo-European Lexicon

Pokorny Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European etymon from Pokorny, with an English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principle parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear at the end. All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on corrections may be made and/or more reflexes may be added.

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Pokorny Etymon: bhleu- 'to swell, blow up; to flow'

Semantic Fields: to Blow; to Flow

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
Middle English:	affluent	adj	affluent	W7
	blout	adj	flabby; puffy	W7
	flum	n	river	W7
	flux	n	flux	W7
	influence	n	influence	W7
	reflux	n	reflux	W7
	superfluous	adj	superfluous	W7
English:	affluent	adj	copious, flowing in abundance	AHD/W7
	bloat	adj	puffy, bloated	AHD/W7
	confluent	adj	flowing/coming together	AHD/W7
	effluvium	n	invisible emanation	AHD/W7
	efflux	n	effluence	AHD/W7
	fluctuate	vb	to ebb/flow in waves	AHD/W7
	fluent	adj	fluid, capable of flowing	AHD/W7
	fluid	adj	easily yielding to pressure	AHD/W7
	flume	n	ravine/gorge with running stream	AHD/W7
	fluor	n	fluorite	AHD/W7
	flush	n	sudden flow	AHD/W7
	fluvial	adj	re: streams	AHD/W7
	flux	n	flow of fluid from body	AHD/W7
	influence	n	ethereal fluid flowing from stars, affecting actions of men	AHD/W7
	influenza	n	acute contagious viral disease	AHD/W7
	influx	n	inflow, flowing in	AHD/W7
	mellifluous	adj	flowing/sweetened with honey	AHD/W7
	phloem	n	complex tissue in higher plant vascular system	AHD/W7
	reflux	n	ebb, back-flow	AHD/W7
	superfluous	adj	extra, exceeding what is needed/sufficient	AHD/W7
W-Germanic
German:	phloem	n	phloem	W7
E-Germanic
Gothic:	miliþ	n.neut	honey	W7/GED
Italic
Latin:	affluo, affluere	vb	to flow (in)to, flow abundantly	W7
	confluo, confluere	vb	to flow together	W7
	effluo, effluere, effluxi, effluxus	vb	to flow out	W7
	effluvium	n.neut	act of flowing out	W7
	flo, flare, flavi<>M>, flatus	vb	to blow	W7
	fluctuo, fluctuare, fluctuavi, fluctuatus	vb	to be agitated, to change often, to float on waves	W7
	fluctus, fluctus	n.masc	flow, wave	W7
	fluidus	adj	liquid	W7
	flumen, fluminis	n.neut	river	LRC
	fluo, fluere, fluxi, fluxus	vb	to flow	RPN
	fluvialis	adj	of a river	W7
	fluvius	n.masc	river	W7
	fluxus, fluxus	n.masc	flow	W7
	influo, influere, influxi, influxus	vb	to flow in	W7
	superfluo, superfluere, superfluxi, superfluxus	vb	to overflow	W7
	superfluus	adj	running over, overflowing	W7
Late Latin:	influxus	n.masc	influx	W7
	mellifluus	adj	flowing with honey	W7
Medieval Latin:	influentia	n.fem	influence	W7
	refluxus	n.masc	reflux	W7
New Latin:	fluor	n.masc	a non-metallic element	W7
Italian:	influènza	n.fem	inlfuence, power	W7
Middle French:	affluent	n.masc	affluent	W7
	flux	n.masc	flow	W7
	influence	n.fem	influence	W7
French:	fluide	adj	liquid	W7
Slavic
Old Church Slavonic:	bljujo	vb	to vomit	RPN
Hellenic
Greek:	phallos	n.masc	penis	W7
	phléô	vb	to abound, to teem	RPN
	phloios, phloos	n.masc	bark	W7
	phlyzein	vb	to boil over	W7
	phlúzô	vb	to boil over, seethe	RPN
	phlúô	vb	to boil over, seethe	RPN

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
adj	=	adjective
fem	=	feminine (gender)
masc	=	masculine (gender)
n	=	noun
neut	=	neuter (gender)
vb	=	verb

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
GED	=	Winfred P. Lehmann: A Gothic Etymological Dictionary (1986)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
RPN	=	Allan R. Bomhard: Reconstructing Proto-Nostratic (2002)
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)