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Indo-European Lexicon

Pokorny Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European etymon from Pokorny, with an English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principle parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear at the end. All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on corrections may be made and/or more reflexes may be added.

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Pokorny Etymon: bhleu-   'to swell, blow up; to flow'

Semantic Fields: to Blow; to Flow

 

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language Reflex(es) PoS/Gram. Gloss Source(s)
English  
Middle English: affluent adj affluent W7
  blout adj flabby; puffy W7
  flum n river W7
  flux n flux W7
  influence n influence W7
  reflux n reflux W7
  superfluous adj superfluous W7
English: affluent adj copious, flowing in abundance AHD/W7
  bloat adj puffy, bloated AHD/W7
  confluent adj flowing/coming together AHD/W7
  effluvium n invisible emanation AHD/W7
  efflux n effluence AHD/W7
  fluctuate vb to ebb/flow in waves AHD/W7
  fluent adj fluid, capable of flowing AHD/W7
  fluid adj easily yielding to pressure AHD/W7
  flume n ravine/gorge with running stream AHD/W7
  fluor n fluorite AHD/W7
  flush n sudden flow AHD/W7
  fluvial adj re: streams AHD/W7
  flux n flow of fluid from body AHD/W7
  influence n ethereal fluid flowing from stars, affecting actions of men AHD/W7
  influenza n acute contagious viral disease AHD/W7
  influx n inflow, flowing in AHD/W7
  mellifluous adj flowing/sweetened with honey AHD/W7
  phloem n complex tissue in higher plant vascular system AHD/W7
  reflux n ebb, back-flow AHD/W7
  superfluous adj extra, exceeding what is needed/sufficient AHD/W7
W-Germanic  
German: phloem n phloem W7
E-Germanic  
Gothic: miliþ n.neut honey W7/GED
Italic  
Latin: affluo, affluere vb to flow (in)to, flow abundantly W7
  confluo, confluere vb to flow together W7
  effluo, effluere, effluxi, effluxus vb to flow out W7
  effluvium n.neut act of flowing out W7
  flo, flare, flavi<>M>, flatus vb to blow W7
  fluctuo, fluctuare, fluctuavi, fluctuatus vb to be agitated, to change often, to float on waves W7
  fluctus, fluctus n.masc flow, wave W7
  fluidus adj liquid W7
  flumen, fluminis n.neut river LRC
  fluo, fluere, fluxi, fluxus vb to flow RPN
  fluvialis adj of a river W7
  fluvius n.masc river W7
  fluxus, fluxus n.masc flow W7
  influo, influere, influxi, influxus vb to flow in W7
  superfluo, superfluere, superfluxi, superfluxus vb to overflow W7
  superfluus adj running over, overflowing W7
Late Latin: influxus n.masc influx W7
  mellifluus adj flowing with honey W7
Medieval Latin: influentia n.fem influence W7
  refluxus n.masc reflux W7
New Latin: fluor n.masc a non-metallic element W7
Italian: influènza n.fem inlfuence, power W7
Middle French: affluent n.masc affluent W7
  flux n.masc flow W7
  influence n.fem influence W7
French: fluide adj liquid W7
Slavic  
Old Church Slavonic: bljujo vb to vomit RPN
Hellenic  
Greek: phallos n.masc penis W7
  phléô vb to abound, to teem RPN
  phloios, phloos n.masc bark W7
  phlyzein vb to boil over W7
  phlúzô vb to boil over, seethe RPN
  phlúô vb to boil over, seethe RPN

 

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev. Meaning
adj=adjective
fem=feminine (gender)
masc=masculine (gender)
n=noun
neut=neuter (gender)
vb=verb

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code Citation
AHD=Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
GED=Winfred P. Lehmann: A Gothic Etymological Dictionary (1986)
LRC=Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
RPN=Allan R. Bomhard: Reconstructing Proto-Nostratic (2002)
W7=Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)