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Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

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Pokorny Etymon: dhau- 'to press, strangle'

Semantic Field: to Press

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
Middle English:	faun	n	faun	W7
English:	avifauna	n	flying animal(s)	AHD/W7
	faun	n	ancient Italian god of herds/fields	W7
	fauna	n	animal(s), animal life	W7
	Faunus	prop.n	god of animals (Roman mythology)	W7
E-Germanic
Gothic:	*af-dojan	vb.wk.I	to annoy, trouble	GED
Italic
Latin:	avisfauna	n	avifauna	CDC
	Faunus	prop.n.masc	Faunus (mythical king of Latium)	IEW/ELD
Late Latin:	Fauna	prop.n.fem	sister of Faunus (Roman mythology)	W7
New Latin:	avifauna	n.fem	avifauna	W7
	fauna	n.fem	fauna (of a region)	W7
Baltic
Lithuanian:	dõvyti	vb	to annoy, trouble	GED
Slavic
Old Church Slavonic:	daviti	vb	to strangle	GED
Hellenic
Greek:	thôs	n	jackal	GED
Anatolian
Lydian:	Kan-daúlhj	prop.n	Dog-destroyer	GED
Iranian
Avestan:	dvaidi	vb.1.du.mid	we (two) harass	GED

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
1	=	1st person
I	=	class 1
du	=	dual (number)
fem	=	feminine (gender)
masc	=	masculine (gender)
mid	=	middle (voice)
n	=	noun
prop	=	proper
vb	=	verb
wk	=	weak (inflection)

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
CDC	=	W.D. Whitney and B.E. Smith: The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia (1889-1911)
ELD	=	Charlton T. Lewis: An Elementary Latin Dictionary (1999)
GED	=	Winfred P. Lehmann: A Gothic Etymological Dictionary (1986)
IEW	=	Julius Pokorny: Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (1959)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

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