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Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

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Pokorny Etymon: euk- 'to accustom oneself, be used to'

Semantic Field: Custom, Usage

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
Celtic
Old Irish:	to-ucc-	vb	to understand	GED
Scots Gaelic:	twig	vb.1.sg	I understand	W7
English
English:	twig	vb	to notice, observe	AHD/W7
	uxorial	adj	re: wife	AHD/W7
	uxoricide	n	murder of wife by her husband	AHD/W7
	uxorious	adj	excessively fond of/submissive to wife	AHD/W7
E-Germanic
Gothic:	bi-uhti	n.neut	custom	GED
	bi-uhts	adj	accustomed	GED
Italic
Latin:	uxor	n.fem	wife	W7
	uxorius	adj	uxorious, uxorial, of a wife	W7
Medieval Latin:	uxoricidium	n.neut	killing of a wife by her husband	W7
Baltic
Lithuanian:	jùnkti	vb	to become accustomed	GED
Slavic
Old Church Slavonic:	vyknoti	vb	to become accustomed	GED
	uceniku'	n.masc	student, disciple	LRC
	uciteli'	n.masc	teacher	LRC
	uciti, uco, ucisi	vb	to teach	LRC
Armenian
Classical Armenian:	usanim	vb	to learn, become accustomed to	LRC
Iranian
Sogdian:	ygwtch	adj	accustomed	GED
Indic
Sanskrit:	úcyati	vb	to be accustomed (to)	GED
	ókas	n	dwelling	GED

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
1	=	1st person
adj	=	adjective
fem	=	feminine (gender)
masc	=	masculine (gender)
n	=	noun
neut	=	neuter (gender)
sg	=	singular (number)
vb	=	verb

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
GED	=	Winfred P. Lehmann: A Gothic Etymological Dictionary (1986)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

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