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Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

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Pokorny Etymon: keuup- : kuep-, kuup-, kup-, and occasionally keu(e)p-, k(e)uep- 'to boil, cook, smoke'

Semantic Fields: to Boil (trans.); to Cook; Smoke (n)

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
Middle English:	concupiscence	n	concupiscence	W7
	coveiten	vb	to covet	W7
	cupidite	n	cupidity	W7
	evaporaten	vb	to evaporate	W7
	vapour	n	vapor	W7
English:	acapnia	n	reduced carbon dioxide in blood	AHD
	concupiscence	n	ardent desire	AHD/W7
	covet	vb	to wish for enviously	AHD/W7
	Cupid	prop.n	god of love, son of Venus (Roman mythology)	AHD
	Cupid	prop.n	one of Santa's reindeer	LRC
	cupid	n	Cupid as naked cherubic boy	AHD
	cupidity	n	lust, strong desire	AHD/W7
	evaporate	vb.trans	to emit in vapor/invisible minute particles	AHD/W7
	vapid	adj	flat, uninteresting, lacking force/briskness/liveliness	AHD/W7
	vapor	n	steam/diffuse matter floating in air, impairing transparency	AHD/W7
W-Germanic
Middle High German:	verwepfen	vb	to become moldy	W7
Italic
Latin:	concupisco, concupiscere	vb	to desire ardently	W7
	cupiditas, cupiditatis	n.fem	cupidity	LRC
	cupidus	adj	desirous	W7
	cupio, cupere, cupivi, cupitum	vb	to desire	LRC
	evaporo, evaporare, evaporavi, evaporatus	vb	to evaporate	W7
	vapidus	adj	vapid, flat-tasting	W7
	vapor	n.masc	vapor	W7
	vappa	n.fem	vapid wine	W7
Late Latin:	concupiscentia	n.fem	concupiscence	W7
Old French:	coveitié	n.fem	desire	W7
Middle French:	concupiscence	n.fem	concupiscence	W7
	cupidité	n.fem	greed, cupidity	W7
	vapeur	n.fem	vapor	W7
Baltic
Lithuanian:	kvepeti, kvepia, kvepejo	vb	to smell good	LRC
Hellenic
Greek:	kapnos	n.masc	smoke	W7

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
adj	=	adjective
fem	=	feminine (gender)
masc	=	masculine (gender)
n	=	noun
prop	=	proper
trans	=	transitive
vb	=	verb

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

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