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Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

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Pokorny Etymon: kse-ro- 'dry, xeric, bright (of weather)'

Semantic Fields: Dry, Arid; Bright; Weather

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
English:	elixir	n	substance thought to change base metal into gold	AHD/W7
	phylloxera	n.pl	plant lice	AHD/W7
	serene	adj	calm, tranquil, free/clear of storms/unpleasant change	AHD/W7
	xeric	adj	dry, low/deficient in moisture	W7
	xeriscape	n	lit. xeric landscape	LRC
	xer(o)-	pfx	dry	AHD/W7
	xerostomia	n	(abnormal) dryness of mouth	AHD
W-Germanic
Old High German:	serawen	vb	to become dry	W7
Italic
Latin:	serenus	adj	serene	W7
New Latin:	phylloxera	n.neut.pl	plant lice	W7
Hellenic
Homeric Greek:	chérsos	n.fem	dry land	LS
Attic:	chérros	n.fem	dry land	LS
Greek:	xeros	adj	dry	W7
	chérsos	adj	dry, hard, firm (of land)	LS

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
adj	=	adjective
fem	=	feminine (gender)
n	=	noun
neut	=	neuter (gender)
pfx	=	prefix
pl	=	plural (number)
vb	=	verb

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
LS	=	Liddell and Scott: Greek-English Lexicon, 7th-9th ed's (1882-1940), rev.
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

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