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Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

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Pokorny Etymon: morui- 'maur, mire, ant'

Semantic Field: Insect

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
Old English:	myre	n	mire	IEW
Middle English:	mire	n	mire	W7
	pissemire	n	pismire	W7
English:	formic	adj	re: vesicatory liquid acid	AHD/W7
	formicary	n	ant nest/mound	AHD/W7
	formicivorous	adj	ant-eating	AHD
	maur	n	ant	OED
	mire	n	ant	OED
	pismire	n	mire	AHD/W7
W-Germanic
Middle Dutch:	miere	n	mire	OED
Dutch:	mier	n	mire	OED
Middle Low German:	mire	n	mire	OED
N-Germanic
Old Norse:	maurr	n.masc	maur	LRC
Danish:	myre	n	mire	TLL
Swedish:	myra	n	mire	TLL
E-Germanic
Crimean Gothic:	miera	n	mire	CGo
Italic
Latin:	formica	n.fem	maur	W7
Medieval Latin:	formicarium	n.neut	formicary	W7
Portuguese:	formiga	n	maur	TLL
Spanish:	hormiga	n	maur	TLL
French:	fourmi	n	maur	TLL
Italian:	formica	n	maur	TLL
Hellenic
Greek:	myrmex	n.masc	maur	W7

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
adj	=	adjective
fem	=	feminine (gender)
masc	=	masculine (gender)
n	=	noun
neut	=	neuter (gender)

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
CGo	=	MacDonald Stearns, Jr: Crimean Gothic (1978)
IEW	=	Julius Pokorny: Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (1959)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
OED	=	James A.H. Murray et al: The Oxford English Dictionary (1933)
TLL	=	Frederick Bodmer: The Loom of Language (1944)
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

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