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Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

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Pokorny Etymon: 1. ser- 'to flow, stream'

Semantic Fields: to Flow; Brook, Stream, River

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
English:	samsara	n	eternal cycle: birth, misery, death	AHD/W7
	serac	n	pinnacle, sharp ridge/block of ice among glacier crevasses	AHD/W7
	serum	n	watery portion of animal fluid	AHD/W7
Italic
Latin:	serum	n.neut	whey	W7
Medieval Latin:	seracium	n.neut	whey	W7
French:	sérac	n.masc	type of white cheese	W7
Hellenic
Homeric Greek:	airéô	vb	to grasp, seize, capture	LRC
	aph-airéô	vb	to take away	LRC
	kath-airéô	vb	to destroy, overcome, take down	LRC
	ormê	n	rush, onset, attack	RPN
Greek:	ap-airéô	vb	to take off	LRC
	óros	n.neut	mountain	LRC
	pro-aíresis	n.fem	choice	LRC
	pro-airéô	vb	to choose	LRC
Indic
Sanskrit:	samsara	n	samsara, lit. flowing/passing through	W7
	sárati/sasarti	vb	to run, flow, move	RPN

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
fem	=	feminine (gender)
masc	=	masculine (gender)
n	=	noun
neut	=	neuter (gender)
vb	=	verb

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
RPN	=	Allan R. Bomhard: Reconstructing Proto-Nostratic (2002)
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

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