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Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

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Pokorny Etymon: stomen- 'mouth, stoma'

Semantic Field: Mouth

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
Celtic
Middle Breton:	staffu	n	mouth	W7
English
Middle English:	stomak	n	stomach	W7
English:	anastomosis	n	inosculation, union of parts/branches for intercommunication	AHD/W7
	ancylostomiasis	n	(disease caused by) hookworm infestation	AHD/W7
	ozostomia	n	halitosis, foul-smelling breath	AHD
	prostomium	n	portion of head of worm/mollusk in front of mouth	AHD/W7
	scyphistoma	n	sexually produced scyphozoan larva	AHD/W7
	stoma	n	small opening like mouth in form/function	AHD/W7
	stomach	n	dilatation in vertebrate alimentary canal	AHD/W7
	stomatous	adj	re: stoma	AHD
	-stomy	n.sfx	surgical operation establishing permanent opening	AHD/W7
	xerostomia	n	(abnormal) dryness of mouth	AHD
Italic
Latin:	scyphus	n.masc	cup	W7
	stomachus	n.masc	stomach, gullet, esophagus	W7
Late Latin:	anastomosis	n.fem	providing with an outlet	W7
New Latin:	Ancylostoma	n.fem	genus of hookworms	W7
	ancylostomiasis	n.fem	ancylostomiasis	W7
	prostomium	n.neut	prostomium	W7
	scyphistoma	n.fem	scyphistoma	W7
	stoma, stomatis	n.fem	mouth	W7
Spanish:	estomago	n	stomach	TLL
Middle French:	estomac	n.masc	stomach	W7
French:	estomac	n	stomach	TLL
Hellenic
Homeric Greek:	stóma	n.neut	mouth, inlet, opening	LRC
	stómachos	n.masc	throat, gullet, esophagus	LRC
Greek:	anastomoun	vb	to provide with an outlet	W7
	anastomosis	n.fem	providing with an outlet	W7
	ozó-stomos	adj	with ozostomia	LS
	stómachos	n.masc	stomach	LRC
Iranian
Avestan:	staman-	n	mouth	W7

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
adj	=	adjective
fem	=	feminine (gender)
masc	=	masculine (gender)
n	=	noun
neut	=	neuter (gender)
sfx	=	suffix
vb	=	verb

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
LS	=	Liddell and Scott: Greek-English Lexicon, 7th-9th ed's (1882-1940), rev.
TLL	=	Frederick Bodmer: The Loom of Language (1944)
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

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