The University of Texas at Austin; College of Liberal Arts

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Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

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Pokorny Etymon: 2. ua- '(to pull) apart'

Semantic Fields: to Draw, Pull; to Tear

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
Middle English:	meniver	n	miniver	W7
	varien	vb	to vary	W7
	veir	n	vair	W7
English:	miniver	n	white fur worn by medieval nobles	AHD/W7
	vair	n	bluish gray/white squirrel fur	AHD/W7
	variety	n	different forms/types	AHD/W7
	variola	n	viral disease marked by pustular eruption	AHD/W7
	variorum	n	classical author's text/edition with notes by others	AHD/W7
	various	adj	inconstant, variable	AHD/W7
	varix	n	abnormally dilated/lengthened vein/artery/lymph vessel	AHD/W7
	vary	vb	to make different/partial change in some attribute/characteristic	AHD/W7
Italic
Latin:	varietas, varietatis	n.fem	variety	W7
	vario, variare, variavi, variatum	vb	to vary, diversify	LRC
	varius, varia, varium	adj	various, variegated	LRC
	varix, varicis	n.masc	varix, broken blood vessel	W7
	varus	adj	bent, crooked	W7
Late Latin:	variola	n.fem	pox, pustule	W7
New Latin:	variola	n.fem	cowpox, smallpox	W7
Old French:	vair	adj	variegated	W7
	vair	n.masc	vair	W7
Middle French:	varier	vb	to vary	W7
	varieté	n.fem	variety	W7

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
adj	=	adjective
fem	=	feminine (gender)
masc	=	masculine (gender)
n	=	noun
vb	=	verb

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

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