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Indo-European Lexicon

Pokorny Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European etymon from Pokorny, with an English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principle parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear at the end. All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on corrections may be made and/or more reflexes may be added.

Note: this page is for systems/browsers with Unicode^® support, but fonts for only the Unicode 2.0 character set (including combining diacritics). Versions of this page rendered in alternate character sets are available via links (see Unicode 3 and ISO-8859-1) in the left margin.

Pokorny Etymon: ā̆g̑her- 'day'

Semantic Field: Day

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
Old English:	dæg	n.masc	day	LRC
	dagian	vb	to dawn	W7/ASD
	dagung	vb.ptc	dawning, daybreak	W7/ASD
	frīgedæg	n.masc	Friday, lit. Freya's Day	W7
	mōnandæg	n.masc	Monday, lit. Moon day	W7
	sæterndæg	n.masc	Saturday, lit. Saturn day	W7
	sunnandæg	n.masc	Sunday, lit. Sun day	W7
	tīwesdæg	n.masc	Tuesday, lit. Tiw's Day	W7
	þunresdæg	n.masc	Thursday, lit. Thor's Day	W7
	wōdnesdæg	n.masc	Wednesday, lit. Woden's Day	W7
Middle English:	dawing	vb.ptc	dawning	W7
	dawnen	vb	to dawn	W7
	dawning	vb.ptc	dawning	W7
	day	n	day	W7
	Friday	prop.n	day named for Friga, Germanic love goddess	W7
	Monday	prop.n	day named for the Moon	W7
	Saterday	prop.n	day named for Saturn	W7
	Sunday	prop.n	day named for the Sun	W7
	Thursday	prop.n	day named for Thor, Germanic thunder god	W7
	Tiwesday	prop.n	day named for Tiw, Germanic war/sky god	W7
	Wednesday	prop.n	day named for Woden, Germanic chief god	W7
	Whitsonday	prop.n	Whitsunday	W7
English:	dawn	n	sunlight's first appearance in morning	AHD/W7
	dawn	vb.intrans	(for sunlight) to appear in morning	AHD/W7
	day	n	time of sun's light between nights	AHD/W7
	Friday	prop.n	day between Thursday and Saturday	AHD/W7
	Monday	prop.n	day between Sunday and Tuesday	AHD/W7
	Saturday	prop.n	day between Friday and Sunday	AHD/W7
	Sunday	prop.n	day between Saturday and Monday	AHD/W7
	Thursday	prop.n	day between Wednesday and Friday	AHD/W7
	Tuesday	prop.n	day between Monday and Wednesday	AHD/W7
	Wednesday	prop.n	day between Tuesday and Thursday	AHD/W7
	Whitsunday	prop.n	Pentecost, lit. white Sunday	AHD/W7
W-Germanic
Old High German:	frīatag	n.masc	Friday, lit. Fria's Day	W7
	mānatag	n.masc	Monday	W7
	sunnūntag	n.masc	Sunday	W7
	tag	n.masc	day	W7
	zīostag	n.masc	Tuesday	W7
Old Frisian:	sāterdei	n	Saturday	W7
N-Germanic
Old Norse:	dagr	n.masc	day	LRC
	ōþinsdagr	n.masc	Wednesday, lit. Odin's day	W7
	þōrsdagr	n.masc	Thursday, lit. Thor's Day	W7
E-Germanic
Gothic:	dags	n.str.masc	day	LRC

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
intrans	=	intransitive
masc	=	masculine (gender)
n	=	noun
prop	=	proper
ptc	=	participle
str	=	strong (inflection)
vb	=	verb

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
ASD	=	Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller: An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (1898)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)