The University of Texas at Austin; College of Liberal Arts

Hans C. Boas, Director :: PCL 5.556, 1 University Station S5490 :: Austin, TX 78712 :: 512-471-4566

Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

Note: this page is for systems/browsers with Unicode^® support, but fonts for only the Unicode 2.0 character set (including combining diacritics). Versions of this page rendered in alternate character sets are available via links (see Unicode 3 and ISO-8859-1) in the left margin.

Pokorny Etymon: ghais- 'to stick, be fixed to'

Semantic Fields: to Join, Unite; to Gather, Collect

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
English:	adhere	vb.intrans	to give support/maintain loyalty	AHD/W7
	cohere	vb.intrans	to hold together as parts of same mass	AHD/W7
	hesitate	vb.intrans	to hold back due to doubt/indecision	AHD/W7
	inhere	vb.intrans	to belong, be inherent	AHD/W7
Italic
Latin:	adhearesco, adhaerēre	vb	to adhere	W7
	cohaereo, cohaerēre	vb	to cohere	W7
	haereō, haerēre, haesī, haesus	vb	to stick, adhere	LRC
	haeresco, haerere	vb	to stick	W7
	haesito, haesitāre, haesitavi, haesitatus	vb	to stick fast, hesitate	W7
	inhaereo, inhaerēre	vb	to inhere	W7
Middle French:	adhérer	vb	to adhere	W7
Baltic
Lithuanian:	gaišti	vb	to loiter	W7

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
intrans	=	intransitive
vb	=	verb

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

Nearby etyma: previous | next