Hans C. Boas, Director :: PCL 5.556, 1 University Station S5490 :: Austin, TX 78712 :: 512-471-4566
Indo-European Lexicon
PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes
Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our
own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked
to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived
words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order
where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary
emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as
single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but
alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard
order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.
Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s);
a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the
oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always
understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear
below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's
alphabetic order] that have reflexes.
All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on,
corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.
Note: this page is for systems/browsers
with Unicode® support, but fonts for only the Unicode 2.0 character set (including combining diacritics).
Versions of this page rendered in alternate character sets are available via links
(see Unicode 3 and ISO-8859-1)
in the left margin.
Pokorny Etymon: gu̯elbh- 'womb, uterus; young animal'
Semantic Field: Womb
Indo-European Reflexes:
| Family/Language | | Reflex(es) | | PoS/Gram. | | Gloss | | Source(s) |
|---|
| English | | |
| Middle English: | | dolphin | | n | | dolphin | | W7 |
| English: | | delphinium | | n | | erect branching perennial herb | | AHD/W7 |
| | | diadelphous | | adj | | having stamens united in 2 sets by filaments | | AHD/CDC |
| | | dolphin | | n | | small, toothed whale | | AHD/W7 |
| | | monadelphous | | adj | | re: stamens with all filaments united into single tubelike group | | AHD |
| W-Germanic | | |
| German: | | Delphin | | n.masc | | dolphin | | LRC |
| Italic | | |
| Latin: | | delphinus | | n.masc | | dolphin | | W7 |
| Medieval Latin: | | dalfinus | | n.masc | | dolphin | | W7 |
| New Latin: | | delphinium | | n.neut | | larkspur | | W7 |
| Old French: | | dalfin | | n.masc | | title of lords of the Dauphine | | W7 |
| Middle French: | | daufin | | n.masc | | dolphin | | W7 |
| | | dophin | | n.masc | | dolphin | | W7 |
| Old Provençal: | | dalfin | | n.masc | | dolphin | | W7 |
| Hellenic | | |
| Greek: | | ἀδελφή | | n.fem | | sister | | LRC |
| | | ἀδελφός | | n.masc | | brother | | LRC |
| | | delphinion | | n.neut | | delphinium | | W7 |
| | | delphis, delphinos | | n.masc | | dolphin | | W7 |
| | | delphys | | n.fem | | womb | | W7 |
| Indic | | |
| Sanskrit: | | garbha | | n | | dolphin; womb | | W7 |
Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:
| Abbrev. | | Meaning |
|---|
| adj | = | adjective |
| fem | = | feminine (gender) |
| masc | = | masculine (gender) |
| n | = | noun |
| neut | = | neuter (gender) |
Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):
| Code | | Citation |
|---|
| AHD | = | Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000) |
| CDC | = | W.D. Whitney and B.E. Smith: The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia (1889-1911) |
| LRC | = | Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin |
| W7 | = | Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963) |
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