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Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

Note: this page is for systems/browsers with Unicode^® support, but fonts for only the Unicode 2.0 character set (including combining diacritics). Versions of this page rendered in alternate character sets are available via links (see Unicode 3 and ISO-8859-1) in the left margin.

Pokorny Etymon: 2. kal-, kali-, kalu- 'handsome, beautiful; healthy'

Semantic Fields: Beautiful; Well; Health

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
English:	calligraphy	n	(art of producing) fair/elegant handwriting	AHD/W7
	callipygian	adj	having shapely buttocks	AHD/W9
	Callisto	prop.n	(moon of Jupiter named for) nymph of Artemis	LRC
	calomel	n	mercurous chloride (used in medicine)	AHD/W7
	hemerocallis	n	day lily	AHD/W7
Italic
New Latin:	calomelas	n.neut	fungicide	W7
	hemerocallis	n.fem	day lily	W7
French:	calligraphie	n.fem	calligraphy	W7
Hellenic
Homeric Greek:	κάλλος	n.neut	beauty	LRC
	κᾱλός	adj	fair, good, beautiful	LRC
Greek:	hēmera	n.fem	day	W7
	hēmerokalles	n.fem.pl	hemerocallis	W7
	kalli-	stem	beautiful	W7
	kalligraphia	n.fem	calligraphy	W7
	kallipygos	adj	callipygian	W9
Indic
Sanskrit:	kalya	adj	healthy	W7

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
adj	=	adjective
fem	=	feminine (gender)
n	=	noun
neut	=	neuter (gender)
pl	=	plural (number)
prop	=	proper
stem	=	stem

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)
W9	=	Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary (1983)

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