The University of Texas at Austin; College of Liberal Arts

Hans C. Boas, Director :: PCL 5.556, 1 University Station S5490 :: Austin, TX 78712 :: 512-471-4566

Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

Note: this page is for systems/browsers with Unicode^® support, but fonts for only the Unicode 2.0 character set (including combining diacritics). Versions of this page rendered in alternate character sets are available via links (see Unicode 3 and ISO-8859-1) in the left margin.

Pokorny Etymon: 2. ōus- : əus- : us- 'ear'

Semantic Field: Ear

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
Old English:	eāre	n.neut	ear	W7
Middle English:	auricle	n	atrium; heart auricle	AHD
	ere	n	ear	W7
	scouten	vb	to scout	W7
English:	aural	adj	re: ear/hearing	AHD/W7
	auricle	n	pinna: projecting portion of ear	AHD/W7
	auriform	adj	ear-shaped	AHD
	auscultation	n	listening to sounds within organs to aid diagnosis/treatment	AHD/W7
	ear	n	vertebrate organ of hearing/equilibrium	AHD/W7
	myosotis	n	herb in borage family	AHD/W7
	otic	adj	re: region of ear	AHD/W7
	parotid	adj	re: large serous salivary gland	AHD/W7
	scout	vb	to explore area to obtain information	AHD/W7
British English:	ormer	n	sea-ear, ear-shell, Channel Islands abalone	AHD
W-Germanic
Old Frisian:	ar(e)	n.neut	ear	ASD
Frisian:	ær/ear(e)	n	ear	ASD
Dutch:	oor	n.neut	ear	ASD
Old Saxon:	ōra	n.neut	ear	ASD
Old High German:	ōra	n.wk.neut	ear	W7
Middle High German:	ōre	n.neut	ear	ASD
German:	Ohr	n.neut	ear	ASD
N-Germanic
Old Norse:	eyra	n.neut	ear	LRC
Icelandic:	eyra	n.neut	ear	ASD
Danish:	øre	n	ear	TLL
Swedish:	öra	n.neut	ear	ASD
E-Germanic
Gothic:	áusō	n.wk.neut	ear	LRC
Italic
Latin:	auricula	n.fem	external ear	W7
	auris	n.fem	ear	W7
	auscultatio, auscultionis	n.fem	act of listening	W7
	ausculto, auscultare, auscultavi, auscultatus	vb	to listen	W7
	myosotis	n.fem	mouse-ear, blue flower, forget-me-not	W7
	parotis	n.fem	tumor near the ear	W7
New Latin:	myosotis	n.fem	genus of herbs, forget-me-not	W7
	parotis, parotidis	n.fem	parotid gland	W7
Portuguese:	orelha	n	ear	TLL
Spanish:	oreja	n	ear	TLL
Old French:	auricle	n	auricle, little ear	AHD
Middle French:	escouter	vb	to listen	W7
French:	oreille	n	ear	TLL
Italian:	orecchio	n	ear	TLL
Baltic
Lithuanian:	ausis	n.fem	ear	ASD
Hellenic
Greek:	myosōtis	n.fem	myosotis, mouse's ear	W7
	οʼυ̃ς/ʼω̃ς	n.neut	ear	LRC
	ōtikos	adj	of the ears	W7

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
adj	=	adjective
fem	=	feminine (gender)
n	=	noun
neut	=	neuter (gender)
vb	=	verb
wk	=	weak (inflection)

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
ASD	=	Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller: An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (1898)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
TLL	=	Frederick Bodmer: The Loom of Language (1944)
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

Nearby etyma: previous | next