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Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

Note: this page is for systems/browsers with Unicode^® support, but fonts for only the Unicode 2.0 character set (including combining diacritics). Versions of this page rendered in alternate character sets are available via links (see Unicode 3 and ISO-8859-1) in the left margin.

Pokorny Etymon: 2b. pel-, pel-en-, pel-t-, pel-u̯- 'dust, powder; meal, flour'

Semantic Fields: Dust, Powder; Meal, Flour

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
Middle English:	pailet	n	pallet	W7
	paudre	n	powder	W7
	puls	n	pulse	W7
English:	paillasse	n	thin mattress containing straw/sawdust	AHD
	palea	n	chaffy scale on composite plant receptacle	AHD/W7
	pallet	n	straw-filled tick/mattress	W7
	palynology	n	branch of science re: pollen/spores	AHD/W7
	paupiette	n	thin slice of meat/fish wrapped around stuffing	AHD
	polenta	n	thick mush: cornmeal boiled in stock/water	AHD
	pollen	n	microspores in seed plant	AHD/W7
	poultice	n	soft heated medicated cloth	AHD/W7
	powder	n	fine particles	AHD/W7
	pulp	n	soft moist coherent mass of plant/animal tissue	AHD/W7
	pulse	n	edible leguminous seeds	AHD/W7
	pulverize	vb	to atomize, reduce to small particles	AHD/W7
British English:	pulverise	vb	to pulverize	LRC
W-Germanic
German:	Pulver	n.neut	powder	LRC
Italic
Latin:	palea	n.fem	chaff, straw	W7
	pollen	n.neut	fine flour	W7
	pulpa	n.fem	pulp, flesh	W7
	puls, pultis	n.fem	porridge (pulse, flour, etc.)	W7
	pulvis, pulveris	n.masc	dust, powder	W7
Late Latin:	pulverizo, pulverizāre	vb	to pulverize, grind into dust	W7
New Latin:	pollen	n.neut	pollen: fine powdery plant seeds	W7
Portuguese:	palha	n	straw	TLL
Spanish:	paja	n	straw	TLL
Old French:	paudre	n.fem	powder	W7
	pouls	n.masc	pulse, porridge	W7
Middle French:	paille	n	straw	W7
	*paillet	n	pallet	W7
	pulveriser	vb	to pulverize, render into dust	W7
French:	paille	n	straw	TLL
	poudre	n.fem	powder	W7
Italian:	paglia	n	straw	TLL
Hellenic
Homeric Greek:	παλῡ́νω	vb	to strew, sprinkle	LRC
Greek:	palē	n.fem	fine meal	W7
Indic
Sanskrit:	palāva	n	chaff, straw	W7

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
fem	=	feminine (gender)
masc	=	masculine (gender)
n	=	noun
neut	=	neuter (gender)
vb	=	verb

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
TLL	=	Frederick Bodmer: The Loom of Language (1944)
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

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