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Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

Note: this page is for systems/browsers with Unicode^® support, but fonts for only the Unicode 2.0 character set (including combining diacritics). Versions of this page rendered in alternate character sets are available via links (see Unicode 3 and ISO-8859-1) in the left margin.

Pokorny Etymon: (s)nerb- 'to cut?'

Semantic Field: to Cut

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
W-Germanic
Dutch:	snerpen	vb	to burn, smart (of a wound)	GED
Thuringian:	schnurpen	vb	to bite gnashingly	GED
Old High German:	snerfan	vb.trans	to pull together	GED
Early New High German:	schnarpeln	vb	to bite gnashingly	GED
German:	schnarp(f)en	vb	to bite gnashingly	GED
N-Germanic
Old Icelandic:	snarpr	adj	sharp	GED
	snerpa	vb.wk	to sharpen	GED
E-Germanic
Gothic:	*at-snarpjan	vb.wk.I	to grasp, touch	GED/IEW
Hellenic
Hesychius' Greek Lexicon:	νορβει̃	vb	to cut in	GED
Greek:	νάρκη	n.fem	numbness, stiffness, contraction	GED
	νορβά	n	tumor	GED
Armenian
Armenian:	nergev	adj	thin, pulled together	GED

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
I	=	class 1
adj	=	adjective
fem	=	feminine (gender)
n	=	noun
trans	=	transitive
vb	=	verb
wk	=	weak (inflection)

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
GED	=	Winfred P. Lehmann: A Gothic Etymological Dictionary (1986)
IEW	=	Julius Pokorny: Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (1959)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin

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