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Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

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Pokorny Etymon: aig^u̯h- 'to be ashamed'

Semantic Field: Shame (n)

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
Old English:	ǣwan	vb	to scorn, despise, contemn	IEW/ASD
	ǣwisc	adj	abashed, ashamed, disgraced	ASD
	ǣwisc	n.str.fem	shame, insult, disgrace, dishonor	GED/ASD
W-Germanic
Middle Low German:	eichelen/e̐chelen/ēgelen	vb	to revolt, disgust, nauseate	IEW
Middle High German:	ekeln	vb	to revolt, disgust, nauseate	IEW
German:	Ekel	n.masc	disgust, loathing, revulsion	LRC
	ekeln	vb	to revolt, disgust, nauseate	LRC
E-Germanic
Gothic:	*aiwiski/aiwisks	n	shame, disgrace, dishonor	GED/ASD
	áiwiskōn	vb.wk.II	to act/treat shamefully	LRC
	*un-aiwisks	adj	shameless, without shame	GED

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
II	=	class 2
adj	=	adjective
fem	=	feminine (gender)
masc	=	masculine (gender)
n	=	noun
str	=	strong (inflection)
vb	=	verb
wk	=	weak (inflection)

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
ASD	=	Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller: An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (1898)
GED	=	Winfred P. Lehmann: A Gothic Etymological Dictionary (1986)
IEW	=	Julius Pokorny: Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (1959)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin

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