The University of Texas at Austin; College of Liberal Arts

Hans C. Boas, Director :: PCL 5.556, 1 University Station S5490 :: Austin, TX 78712 :: 512-471-4566

Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

Note: this page is for systems/browsers with Unicode^® support and fonts spanning the Unicode 3 character set relevant to Indo-European languages. Versions of this page rendered in alternate character sets are available via links (see Unicode 2 and ISO-8859-1) in the left margin.

Pokorny Etymon: 5. au̯-, au̯ē- 'to plait, weave'

Semantic Fields: to Plait; to Weave

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
Old English:	gewǣde	n	weed	W7
	wæd	n.fem	weed	CDC
	wǣd(e)	n.neut	weed	CDC
	watel/watul	n	wattle, hurdle; [pl.] twigs, thatching, tiles	CDC
Middle English:	wat(t)el	n	wattle, hurdle; [pl.] twigs, thatching, tiles	CDC
	wede/wæde	n	weed	CDC
English:	wattle	n	poles interwoven with branches	AHD/W7
	weed	n	cloth, clothing, (mourning) garment	AHD/W7
W-Germanic
Old Frisian:	wēd(e)	n	weed	CDC
Middle Dutch:	wade/waede	n	weed	CDC
Old Saxon:	wādi	n	weed	CDC
Old Low German:	wādi	n.neut	clothing	ASD
Old High German:	wadal	n	bandage	W7
	wāt	n	weed, garment, accoutrements; armor	CDC
Middle High German:	wāt	n	weed, garment, accoutrements; armor	CDC
German:	wat	n	weed	CDC
Bavarian:	wadel	n	wattle, twigs, fir-branches	CDC
Swiss German:	wedele	n	wattle, bundle of twigs	CDC
N-Germanic
Old Norse:	auðigr	adj	rich, wealthy	LRC
	auðna, auðnað	vb	to fall out by fate	LRC
	auðr	n.masc	wealth, riches, treasure; precious objects	LRC
	váð	n.fem	weed; [pl.] clothes	LRC
Icelandic:	vāð	n.fem	garment, piece of stuff	ASD
E-Germanic
Gothic:	ga-widan	vb	to bind together	CDC
Baltic
Lithuanian:	austi	vb	to grow, dawn	W7/LD
Iranian
Avestan:	vað	vb	to clothe	CDC

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
adj	=	adjective
fem	=	feminine (gender)
masc	=	masculine (gender)
n	=	noun
neut	=	neuter (gender)
vb	=	verb

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
ASD	=	Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller: An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (1898)
CDC	=	W.D. Whitney and B.E. Smith: The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia (1889-1911)
LD	=	Bronius Piesarskas and Bronius Svecevicius: Lithuanian Dictionary (1994)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

Nearby etyma: previous | next