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Indo-European Lexicon

Pokorny Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European etymon from Pokorny, with an English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principle parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear at the end. All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on corrections may be made and/or more reflexes may be added.

Note: this page is for systems/browsers with Unicode^® support and fonts spanning the Unicode 3 character set relevant to Indo-European languages. Versions of this page rendered in alternate character sets are available via links (see Unicode 2 and ISO-8859-1) in the left margin.

Pokorny Etymon: 1. dei- 'to shine, glitter; day, sun; God'

Semantic Fields: to Shine, Glisten; Day; Sun; God

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
Celtic
Old Irish:	dia	n	god	LRC
English
Old English:	Julius	n	July	W7
	Tig/Tīw	n	Germanic mythology's god of war/sky	W7
Middle English:	adieu	n	adieu	W7
	ajournen	vb	to adjourn	W7
	deitee	n	deity	W7
	dial	n	dial	W7
	diurnal	adj	diurnal	W7
	Dives	prop.n	Dives, rich man depicted in Luke 16:19-31	W7
	divin(e)	n/adj	divine	W7
	divinen	vb	to divine	W7
	journal	n	journal	W7
	journey	n	journey, a day's labor	W7
	Julie	prop.n	July	W7
	meridian	n	meridian	W7
English:	adieu	n	farewell	AHD/W7
	adjourn	vb	to suspend indefinitely/until stated time	AHD/W7
	deity	n	divinity, rank/essential nature of god/supreme being	AHD/W7
	Devanagari	prop.n	script used to write Sanskrit/other Indian languages	LRC
	dial	n	face of sundial	AHD/W7
	diary	n	journal, record of events/observations kept daily/at frequent intervals	AHD/W7
	diet	n	formal assembly of princes/estates	AHD/W7
	diurnal	adj	recurring every day	AHD/W7
	diva	n	prima donna	AHD/W7
	Dives	prop.n	[used (incorrectly) as name for antagonist in N.T. parable: Lazarus and Dives]	AHD/W7
	divine	adj	re: directly from deity	AHD/W7
	divine	n	clergyman	AHD/W7
	divine	vb	to infer, discover intuitively	AHD/W7
	joss	n	Chinese idol/cult image	AHD/W7
	journal	n	record of current transactions	AHD/W7
	journey	n	trip, travel/passage from place to place	AHD/W7
	Jove	prop.n	Jupiter (Roman mythology)	LRC
	July	prop.n	now 7th month in Gregorian calendar	AHD/W7
	meridian	n	midday, hour of noon	AHD/W7
	postmeridian	adj	occurring after noon	AHD/W7
	Tiu	prop.n	god of war/sky (Germanic mythology)	LRC
	Tuesday	prop.n	lit. Tiu's day	LRC
	Tyr	prop.n	god of war/sky (Norse mythology)	LRC
N-Germanic
Old Norse:	Teitr	prop.n.masc	Teit	LRC
	teitr	adj	cheerful, merry; frolicsome	LRC
	Tȳr	prop.n	Tyr	W7
Italic
Oscan:	Diúveí	prop.n	Jove	LRC
Old Latin:	Diovis/Jovis	prop.n	Jove	LRC
Latin:	dea, deae	n.fem	goddess	LRC
	deus, dei	n.masc	god	LRC
	Deus	prop.n.masc	God	W7
	diarium	n.neut	day's allowance of food/pay	W7
	dies, diei	n.masc	day	LRC
	diurnalis	adj	diurnal, of the day	W7
	diurnus	adj	during the day	W7
	dīva	n.fem	diva	W7
	dīvēs	n.masc	rich man; Pluto	W7
	dīvīnō, dīvīnāre	vb	to tell fortune	W7
	dīvīnus	adj/n.masc	divine, of the Gods; seer, soothsayer	W7
	dīvus	adj	godlike, divine	W7
	Julius	n.masc	Caesar, family of the Julii	W7
	Juppiter, Jovis	n.masc	Jupiter, lit. bright-father	W7
	medius	adj	in the middle	W7
	meridianus	adj	of midday, southern	W7
	meridies	n.masc	noon, south	W7
	postmeridianus	adj	postmeridian	W7
Late Latin:	deitas, dietatis	n.fem	divine nature	W7
Medieval Latin:	dieta	n.fem	day's journey, assembly	W7
	divinus	adj	of God	W7
Italian:	diva	n.fem	goddess; opera singer, actress	W7/CID
Old French:	jour	n.masc	day	W7
	journee	n.fem	day	W7
Middle French:	adieu	interj	adieu, farewell	W7
	ajourner	vb	to adjourn	W7
	deité	n.masc	deity, divinity, god	W7
	divin	adj	of God	W7
	diviner	vb	to guess, to tell fortune	W7
	journal	adj	daily	W7
	méridien	adj	of noon	W7
French:	jour	n.masc	day	W7
Portuguese:	deus	n.masc	god	W7
Baltic
Old Prussian:	diews	n	god	LRC
Lithuanian:	dìdis, didì	adj	great	LRC
	dienà	n.fem	day	LRC
	diẽvas	n.masc	god	LRC
Latvian:	dievins	n.masc	god	LRC
	dievs	n.masc	god	LRC
Slavic
Old Church Slavonic:	dьnь	n.masc	day	LRC
Hellenic
Mycenaean:	δι-ωε	n	day/god	LRC
Greek:	δῆλος	adj	clear, obvious	LRC
	δηλόω	vb	to reveal, be clear	LRC
	δῖος	adj	godlike, noble	LRC
	Ζεύς	prop.n.masc	Zeus	LRC
Anatolian
Luwian:	Tiwat-	n	sun god	LRC
Hittite:	sius	n	god	LRC
Palaic:	Tiyaz	n	sun god	LRC
Armenian
Armenian:	tiw	n	day	LRC
Iranian
Avestan:	daēva-	n	demon	LRC
Indic
Sanskrit:	deva	n	god	W7
	devanāgarī	n	Devanagari, alphabet used to write Sanskrit	W7
	dyáus	n	sky	LRC

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
adj	=	adjective
fem	=	feminine (gender)
interj	=	interjection
masc	=	masculine (gender)
n	=	noun
neut	=	neuter (gender)
prop	=	proper
vb	=	verb

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
CID	=	Cassell's Italian Dictionary (1958)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)