Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon from Pokorny, with an English
gloss; our Semantic Field
Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical
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Pokorny Etymon: ek̑u̯o-s 'horse'
Semantic Field: Horse (generic)
Indo-European Reflexes:
| Family/Language | Reflex(es) | PoS/Gram. | Gloss | Source(s) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Celtic | ||||||||
| Welsh: | ebol | n | foal | LRC | ||||
| Old Irish: | ech | n | horse | LRC | ||||
| English | ||||||||
| Old English: | eoh | n.masc | horse | W7 | ||||
| English: | eohippus | n | small 4-toed Lower Eocene horse of N. America | AHD/W7 | ||||
| equestrian | adj | re: horseback riding | AHD/W7 | |||||
| equine | adj | re: horse | AHD/W7 | |||||
| equitant | adj | overlapping transversely at base | AHD/W7 | |||||
| hippocampus | n | curved elongated ridge in lateral ventricle of brain | AHD/W7 | |||||
| Hippocrene | prop.n | fountain on Mt. Helicon, sacred to the Muses (Greek mythology) | LRC | |||||
| hippodrome | n | oval stadium for horse/chariot races | AHD/W7 | |||||
| hippogriff | n | legendary animal with griffin foreparts and on horse body | AHD/W7 | |||||
| N-Germanic | ||||||||
| Old Icelandic: | jōr | n | horse | LRC | ||||
| E-Germanic | ||||||||
| Gothic: | aíƕa- | n | horse | LRC | ||||
| Italic | ||||||||
| Latin: | eques, equitis | n.masc | horseman, knight | LRC | ||||
| equester | adj | of a horseman | W7 | |||||
| equinus | adj | of a horse | W7 | |||||
| equito, equitare | vb | to ride on horseback | W7 | |||||
| equus | n.masc | horse | W7 | |||||
| hippo- | pfx | horse | W7 | |||||
| Hippocrene | n.fem | Hippocrene, a fountain | W7 | |||||
| hippodromos | n.masc | hippodrome | W7 | |||||
| New Latin: | eohippus | n.masc | four-toed horse | W7 | ||||
| hippocampus | n.masc | part of the brain | W7 | |||||
| Italian: | ippo- | pfx | horse | W7 | ||||
| ippogrifo | n.masc | hippogriff | W7 | |||||
| Middle French: | hippodrome | n.masc | hippodrome | W7 | ||||
| French: | hippogriffe | n.masc | hippogriff | W7 | ||||
| Baltic | ||||||||
| Lithuanian: | ašvà | n | mare | LRC | ||||
| Hellenic | ||||||||
| Mycenaean: | ι-θο | n | horse | LRC | ||||
| Greek: | ἱππεύς | n.masc | horseman | LRC | ||||
| hippodromos | n.masc | hippodrome | W7 | |||||
| hippokampos | n.masc | sea horse | W7 | |||||
| Hippokrēnē | prop.n.fem | Hippocrene | W7 | |||||
| ἵππος | n.masc | horse | LRC | |||||
| Anatolian | ||||||||
| Luwian: | á-sù-wa | n | horse | LRC | ||||
| Iranian | ||||||||
| Avestan: | aspa- | n | horse | LRC | ||||
| Old Persian: | asa- | n | horse | LRC | ||||
| Indic | ||||||||
| Sanskrit: | áśva- | n | horse | LRC | ||||
| Tocharian | ||||||||
| Tocharian A: | yuk | n | horse | LRC | ||||
| Tocharian B: | yakwe | n | horse | LRC | ||||
Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:
| Abbrev. | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| adj | = | adjective |
| fem | = | feminine (gender) |
| masc | = | masculine (gender) |
| n | = | noun |
| pfx | = | prefix |
| prop | = | proper |
| vb | = | verb |
Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):
| Code | Citation | |
|---|---|---|
| AHD | = | Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000) |
| LRC | = | Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin |
| W7 | = | Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963) |