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Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon from Pokorny, with an English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principle parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear at the end. All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on corrections may be made and/or more reflexes may be added.

Note: this page is for systems/browsers with Unicode^® support and fonts spanning the Unicode 3 character set relevant to Indo-European languages. Versions of this page rendered in alternate character sets are available via links (see Unicode 2 and ISO-8859-1) in the left margin.

Pokorny Etymon: 1. g̑her- 'to desire, yearn for'

Semantic Field: to Desire

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
Old English:	dōm-georn	adj	lit. glory-desirous	LRC
	giernan	vb	to yearn	W7
	grǣdig	adj	greedy	W7
	lof-georn	adj	eager for praise	LRC
Middle English:	eukarist	n	Eucharist	W7
	exhorten	vb	to exhort	W7
	gredy	adj	greedy	W7
	yernen	vb	to yearn	W7
English:	catachresis	n	use of wrong word for context	AHD/W7
	charisma	n	extraordinary power (e.g. of healing)	AHD/W7
	Eucharist	prop.n	Christian sacrament/ceremony of Holy Communion	LRC
	exhort	vb	to incite by advice/argument	AHD/W7
	greedy	adj	having strong desire for food/drink	AHD/W7
	hortative	adj	advisory, giving exhortation	AHD/W7
	yearn	vb.intrans	to feel longing/craving	AHD/W7
W-Germanic
Old High German:	gerōn	vb	to desire	W7
	grātag	adj	greedy	W7
N-Germanic
Old Norse:	grið	n.neut	(pl.) peace, protection	LRC
E-Germanic
Gothic:	grēdags	adj	hungry	LRC
Italic
Latin:	exhortor, exhortārī	vb.dep	to exhort, encourage	W7
	hortor, hortāri, hortātus	vb.dep.freq	to urge, incite, encourage	W7
Late Latin:	eucharistia	n.fem	Eucharist	W7
	hortativus	adj	quality of a speech meant to urge	W7
Middle French:	euchariste	n.fem	Eucharist	W7
	exhorter	vb	to exhort	W7
Hellenic
Greek:	eucharistos	adj	grateful	W7
	katachrēsthai	vb	to use up, misuse	W7
	katachrēsis	n.fem	misuse	W7
	συγχαίρω	vb	to rejoice with	LRC
	χαίρω	vb	to rejoice	LRC
	χαρά	n.fem	joy	LRC
	charizesthai	vb	to favor	W7
	charis	n.fem	grace, gratitude	W7
	charisma	n.neut	favor, gift	W7
	chrēsthai	vb	to use	W7

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
adj	=	adjective
dep	=	deponent
fem	=	feminine (gender)
freq	=	frequentative (aspect)
intrans	=	intransitive
n	=	noun
neut	=	neuter (gender)
prop	=	proper
vb	=	verb

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)