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Indo-European Lexicon

Pokorny Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European etymon from Pokorny, with an English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principle parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear at the end. All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on corrections may be made and/or more reflexes may be added.

Note: this page is for systems/browsers with Unicode^® support and fonts spanning the Unicode 3 character set relevant to Indo-European languages. Versions of this page rendered in alternate character sets are available via links (see Unicode 2 and ISO-8859-1) in the left margin.

Pokorny Etymon: lē̆b- 'lip; to hang down slackly'

Semantic Field: Lip

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
Old English:	gelimplic	adj	suitable	LRC
	limpan, lamp, lumpon, lumpen	vb.str.III	to befall, happen	LRC
	lippa	n	lip	W7
	slǣp	n	sleep	W7
Middle English:	lip	n	lip	W7
	slepe	n	sleep	W7
English:	labellum	n	median member of orchid corolla	AHD/W7
	labium	n	folds at margin of vulva	AHD/W7
	labret	n	ornament worn in lip perforation	AHD/W7
	labrum	n	upper/anterior lip of arthropod	AHD/W7
	lip	n	either of fleshy folds surrounding mouth in vertebrates	AHD/W7
	sleep	n	natural periodic suspension of activity/consciousness	AHD/W7
W-Germanic
Old High German:	leffur	n	lip	W7
	slāf	n	sleep	W7
Italic
Latin:	labellum	n.neut	little lip	W7
	labium	n.neut	lip	W7
	labor, labi	vb.dep	to slide, slip	W7
	labor, laboris	n.masc	labor, effort	LRC
	labrum	n.neut	lip, edge	W7
New Latin:	labium	n.neut	lip	W7
	labrum	n.neut	labrum	W7
Hellenic
Greek:	lobos	n.masc	part of an organ	W7

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
III	=	class 3
adj	=	adjective
dep	=	deponent
masc	=	masculine (gender)
n	=	noun
neut	=	neuter (gender)
str	=	strong (inflection)
vb	=	verb

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)