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Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

Note: this page is for systems/browsers with Unicode^® support and fonts spanning the Unicode 3 character set relevant to Indo-European languages. Versions of this page rendered in alternate character sets are available via links (see Unicode 2 and ISO-8859-1) in the left margin.

Pokorny Etymon: nēik- : nīk- : nik- 'to rail, fight, assault'

Semantic Field: to Fight

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
English:	niccolite	n	nickel arsenide	LRC
	Nicholas	prop.n	4th century Christian saint	LRC
	nickel	n	hard malleable ductile metal	LRC
	nickeline	n	niccolite	LRC
	Nicodemus	prop.n	character (Pharisee) in New Testament	LRC
	Nike	prop.n	goddess of victory (Greek mythology)	LRC
W-Germanic
German:	Kupfernickel	n	niccolite	LRC
	Nickel	n	nickel	LRC
	Nickel	n.arch	demon, rascal	LRC
N-Germanic
Swedish:	nickel	n	nickel	SAO
Hellenic
Greek:	ἐκνικάω	vb	to prevail	LRC
	νικάω	n	to conquer, prevail	LRC
	Νίκη	prop.n.fem	Nike, lit. victory	LRC
	νίκη	n.fem	victory	LRC
	Νικόδημος	prop.n.masc	Nicodemus, lit. victor over the people	LRC
	Νικόλαος	n	Nicholas, lit. people's victory	LRC

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
arch	=	archaic
fem	=	feminine (gender)
masc	=	masculine (gender)
n	=	noun
prop	=	proper
vb	=	verb

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
SAO	=	Swedish Academy: Svenska Akademiens Ordbok (2011)

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