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Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

Note: this page is for systems/browsers with Unicode^® support and fonts spanning the Unicode 3 character set relevant to Indo-European languages. Versions of this page rendered in alternate character sets are available via links (see Unicode 2 and ISO-8859-1) in the left margin.

Pokorny Etymon: óu̯i-s 'ewe, sheep'

Semantic Fields: Ewe; Sheep

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
Celtic
Old Irish:	oi	n	sheep	LRC
English
Old English:	ēowu	n.fem	ewe	W7/ASD
Middle English:	ewe	n	ewe	W7
English:	ewe	n	female sheep	AHD/W7
	ovine	adj	re: sheep	AHD/W7
W-Germanic
Frisian:	ei(j)	n.neut	ewe	ASD
Dutch:	ooi	n.fem	ewe-lamb	ASD
Old High German:	awi/owi/au	n.fem	ewe	ASD
Middle High German:	owe	n.fem	ewe	ASD
German:	Aue	n.fem	ewe	LRC
Swiss German:	au(w)/ow	n.fem	ewe	ASD
E-Germanic
Gothic:	aweþi	n.neut	herd of sheep	ASD
	awi	n	ewe, sheep	LRC
	awistr	n.neut	sheepfold	ASD
Italic
Latin:	ovis	n.fem	ewe	W7
Late Latin:	ovinus	adj	ovine	W7
Baltic
Old Prussian:	awins	n	ram	LRC
Lithuanian:	avìs	n	sheep, ram	LRC
Latvian:	àuns	n	ram	LRC
Slavic
Old Church Slavonic:	ovica, ovinu	n	sheep, ram	LRC
Hellenic
Homeric Greek:	ὄ(Ϝ)ις	n	sheep	LRC
Greek:	οἶς	n.masc/fem	sheep, ram/ewe	LRC
Anatolian
Luwian:	hawi-	n	sheep	LRC
Armenian
Armenian:	hoviw	n	shepherd, herder	LRC
Indic
Sanskrit:	ávi-	n	sheep	LRC

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
adj	=	adjective
fem	=	feminine (gender)
masc	=	masculine (gender)
n	=	noun
neut	=	neuter (gender)

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
ASD	=	Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller: An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (1898)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

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