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Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

Note: this page is for systems/browsers with Unicode^® support and fonts spanning the Unicode 3 character set relevant to Indo-European languages. Versions of this page rendered in alternate character sets are available via links (see Unicode 2 and ISO-8859-1) in the left margin.

Pokorny Etymon: paus- 'to free, let loose'

Semantic Fields: Free (adj); to Release

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
Middle English:	pause	n	pause	W7
	posen	vb	to pose	W7
	reposen	vb	to repose	W7
English:	compose	vb	to fashion, form by putting together	AHD/W7
	diapause	n	period of spontaneous dormancy	AHD/W7
	pause	n	temporary stop	AHD/W7
	pause	vb	to stop/rest temporarily	W7
	pesade	n	act/position of horse rearing on hind legs	AHD
	posada	n	inn, hotel	AHD/W7
	pose	vb	to put/set in place	AHD/W7
	repose	vb	to lie/lay at rest	AHD/W7
W-Germanic
German:	Pause	n.fem	pause	LRC
Italic
Latin:	compono, componere	vb	to place, arrange	W7
	pausa	n.fem	pause, cessation	W7
Late Latin:	pauso, pausāre	vb	to pause	W7
	repauso, repausāre	vb	to stop, repose	W7
Portuguese:	pão	n	bread	TLL
Spanish:	posada	n.fem	inn, hotel	W7
	posar	vb	to lodge	W7
Old French:	reposer	vb	to repose	W7
Middle French:	composer	vb	to compose	W7
	poser	vb	to pose	W7
French:	pain	n	bread	TLL
Italian:	pane	n	bread	TLL
Hellenic
Homeric Greek:	παυσωλή	n	pause, rest, cessation	LRC
	παύω	vb	to pause, cease, leave off	LRC
Greek:	diapauein	vb	to pause	W7
	diapausis	n.fem	diapause	W7
	paula	n.fem	rest	W7
	pausis	n.fem	pause, cessation	W7

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
fem	=	feminine (gender)
n	=	noun
vb	=	verb

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
TLL	=	Frederick Bodmer: The Loom of Language (1944)
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

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