The University of Texas at Austin; College of Liberal Arts

Hans C. Boas, Director :: PCL 5.556, 1 University Station S5490 :: Austin, TX 78712 :: 512-471-4566

Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

Note: this page is for systems/browsers with Unicode^® support and fonts spanning the Unicode 3 character set relevant to Indo-European languages. Versions of this page rendered in alternate character sets are available via links (see Unicode 2 and ISO-8859-1) in the left margin.

Pokorny Etymon: 2. peu- 'to repute, explore, understand'

Semantic Field: to Understand

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
Middle English:	account	n	account	AHD
	accounten	vb	to account	W7
	counten	vb	to count	W7
	deputen	vb	to depute	W7
	disputen	vb	to dispute	W7
	imputen	vb	to impute	W7
	putative	adj	putative	W7
	reputen	vb	to repute	W7
English:	account	n.arch	reckoning, computation	W7
	account	vb	to give report on	AHD/W7
	compute	vb	to count, reckon, calculate	TLL
	computer	n	person/thing that computes	LRC
	count	vb	to number, name/indicate by units/groups to find total	AHD/W7
	depute	vb.trans	to appoint, delegate	AHD/W7
	dispute	vb	to argue, debate	AHD/W7
	impute	vb.trans	to charge, lay blame/responsibility for	AHD/W7
	putative	adj	reputed, commonly accepted/supposed	AHD/W7
	repute	vb.trans	to account, hold in thought	AHD/W7
Italic
Latin:	computō, computāre	vb	to count, tally, compute	W7/ELD
	dēputo, dēputare	vb	to depute; count, estimate, consider	W7
	disputo, disputare	vb	to dispute, discuss, reckon up	W7
	imputo, imputare	vb	to impute, take credit for	W7
	putatus	vb.ptc	thought	W7
	putō, putāre, putāvī, putātum	vb	to think, reckon	LRC
	reputo, reputare	vb	to count, compute; repute, (re)consider	W7
Vulgar Latin:	imputō, imputāre	vb	to impute, attribute	W7
Late Latin:	putativus	adj	putative, thought to be	W7
Old French:	acont	n	account	AHD
	aconter	vb	to account, reckon	AHD
	desputer	vb	to dispute	W7
Middle French:	acompter	vb	to account, amount to	W7
	compter	vb	to count	W7
	deputer	vb	to depute, send on mission	W7
	réputer	vb	to repute	W7
French:	compter	vb	to count	W7
Slavic
Old Church Slavonic:	pytajǫ, pytajati	vb	to search, explore, examine	IEW
Hellenic
Greek:	νήπιος	adj	foolish, childish	LRC
	πινυτός	adj	smart	IEW

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
adj	=	adjective
arch	=	archaic
n	=	noun
ptc	=	participle
trans	=	transitive
vb	=	verb

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
ELD	=	Charlton T. Lewis: An Elementary Latin Dictionary (1999)
IEW	=	Julius Pokorny: Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (1959)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
TLL	=	Frederick Bodmer: The Loom of Language (1944)
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

Nearby etyma: previous | next