The University of Texas at Austin; College of Liberal Arts

Hans C. Boas, Director :: PCL 5.556, 1 University Station S5490 :: Austin, TX 78712 :: 512-471-4566

Indo-European Lexicon

PIE Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) etymon adapted from Pokorny, with our own English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principal parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear below the reflexes; at the end are links to the previous/next etyma [in Pokorny's alphabetic order] that have reflexes.

All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on, corrections may be made and/or more etyma & reflexes may be added.

Note: this page is for systems/browsers with Unicode^® support and fonts spanning the Unicode 3 character set relevant to Indo-European languages. Versions of this page rendered in alternate character sets are available via links (see Unicode 2 and ISO-8859-1) in the left margin.

Pokorny Etymon: su̯ād- 'sweet; to enjoy something'

Semantic Fields: Sweet; Glad, Joyful

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
Old English:	swēte	adj	sweet	W7
Middle English:	aswagen/asuagen	vb	to assuage	W7/CDC
	suasion	n	suasion	W7
	swete	adj	sweet	W7
English:	aedes/aëdes	n	genus of mosquitoes	AHD/W7
	assuage	vb.trans	to ease, lessen intensity of (pain)	AHD/W7
	assuasive	adj	calming, soothing	AHD/W7
	dissuade	vb.trans	to advise against (action)	AHD/W7
	hedonic	adj	re: pleasure/hedonism	AHD
	hedonism	n	doctrine that pleasure/happiness is sole/chief good in life	AHD/W7
	persuade	vb.trans	to move by argument to belief/action	AHD/W7
	soave	n	dry white Italian wine	AHD
	suasion	n	act of persuading/influencing	AHD/W7
	suave	adj	urbane, polished	AHD/W7
	sweet	adj	pleasing in taste	AHD/W7
W-Germanic
Old Frisian:	swēte	adj	sweet	ASD
Old Saxon:	swōti	adj	sweet	ASD
Old High German:	suozi	adj	sweet	W7
N-Germanic
Icelandic:	sœtr	adj	sweet	ASD
Italic
Latin:	dissuādeo, dissuādēre	vb	to dissuade	W7
	persuādeo, persuādēre	vb	to persuade	W7
	suādeo, suādēre	vb	to urge, advise	W7
	suasio, suasionis	n.fem	suasion, persuasiveness	W7
	suasus	vb.ptc	persuaded	W7
	suavis	adj	suave, soft, kind, sweet	W7
Vulgar Latin:	assuavio, assuaviāre	vb	to assuage, make softer	W7
New Latin:	aedes	n.masc	temple	W7
Old French:	assouagier/as(o)uager/asoager	vb	to assuage, make softer	W7/CDC
Middle French:	dissuader	vb	to dissuade, convince not to act	W7
	suave	adj	suave, soft	W7
Old Occitan:	a(s)suaviar	vb	to assuage	CDC
Italian:	soave	adj	soft, gentle	LRC
Hellenic
Homeric Greek:	ἧδος	n.neut	joy, pleasure, enjoyment	LRC
	ἡδύς	adj	soft, sweet, pleasant	LRC
Greek:	a-ēdēs	adj	unpleasant	W7
	hēdonē	n.fem	pleasure	W7

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
adj	=	adjective
fem	=	feminine (gender)
masc	=	masculine (gender)
n	=	noun
neut	=	neuter (gender)
ptc	=	participle
trans	=	transitive
vb	=	verb

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
ASD	=	Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller: An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (1898)
CDC	=	W.D. Whitney and B.E. Smith: The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia (1889-1911)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)

Nearby etyma: previous | next