The University of Texas at Austin; College of Liberal Arts

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Indo-European Lexicon

Pokorny Etymon and IE Reflexes

Below we display: a Proto-Indo-European etymon from Pokorny, with an English gloss; our Semantic Field assignment(s) for the etymon, linked to information about the field(s); an optional Comment; and Reflexes (derived words) in various Indo-European languages, organized by family/group in west-to-east order where Germanic is split into West/North/East families and English, our language of primary emphasis, is artificially separated from West Germanic. IE Reflexes appear most often as single words with any optional letter(s) enclosed in parentheses; but alternative full spellings are separated by '/' and "principle parts" appear in a standard order (e.g. masculine, feminine, and neuter forms) separated by commas.

Reflexes are annotated with: Part-of-Speech and/or other Grammatical feature(s); a short Gloss which, especially for modern English reflexes, may be confined to the oldest sense; and some Source citation(s) with 'LRC' always understood as editor. Keys to PoS/Gram feature abbreviations and Source codes appear at the end. All reflex pages are currently under active construction; as time goes on corrections may be made and/or more reflexes may be added.

Note: this page is for systems/browsers with Unicode^® support and fonts spanning the Unicode 3 character set relevant to Indo-European languages. Versions of this page rendered in alternate character sets are available via links (see Unicode 2 and ISO-8859-1) in the left margin.

Pokorny Etymon: u̯ādh- 'to go, stride, march'

Semantic Fields: to Go; to Walk

Indo-European Reflexes:

Family/Language	Reflex(es)	PoS/Gram.	Gloss	Source(s)
English
Old English:	wadan, wōd, wōdon, waden	vb.str.VI	to wade, stride over	LRC
Middle English:	invaden	vb	to invade	W7
	waden	vb	to wade	W7
English:	evade	vb	to slip away	AHD/W7
	invade	vb.trans	to enter for conquest/plunder	AHD/W7
	pervade	vb.trans	to become diffused throughout	AHD/W7
	vadose	adj	re: water/solutions in earth's crust above groundwater	AHD/W7
	vamoose	vb.intrans	to decamp, depart quickly	AHD/W7
	wade	vb	to step in/through (e.g. water)	AHD/W7
W-Germanic
Old High German:	watan	vb	to go, wade	W7
N-Germanic
Old Norse:	vaða	vb	to wade/pass through	LRC
Italic
Latin:	evado, evadere	vb	to evade, escape, get out	W7
	invado, invadere	vb	to invade, attack, rush in	W7
	pervado, pervadere	vb	to pervade, go through	W7
	vādo, vādere	vb	to go, rush, hasten	W7
	vadosus	adj	shallow	W7
	vadum	n.neut	ford, shallows	W7
Middle French:	évader	vb	to evade, escape	W7
Spanish:	vamos	vb.1.pl.imp	let us go	W7
Armenian
Classical Armenian:	gam	vb	to come, go	LRC

Key to Part-of-Speech/Grammatical feature abbreviations:

Abbrev.		Meaning
1	=	1st person
VI	=	class 6
adj	=	adjective
imp	=	imperative (mood)
intrans	=	intransitive
n	=	noun
neut	=	neuter (gender)
pl	=	plural (number)
str	=	strong (inflection)
trans	=	transitive
vb	=	verb

Key to information Source codes (always with 'LRC' as editor):

Code		Citation
AHD	=	Calvert Watkins: The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, 2nd ed. (2000)
LRC	=	Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin
W7	=	Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary (1963)