Winfred P. Lehmann, Director :: PCL 5.112, 1 University Station S5490 :: Austin, TX 78712 :: 512-471-4566
Language Systems Indices
Indo-European Typology Project
Citation Record
Nichols, Johanna. 1992. Linguistic Diversity in Space and Time. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
CASE
- active-inactive case opposition
- case
- case [accusative]
- case [dative]
- case [genitive]
- case [nominative]
CONTENT WORDS
- accretion [of languages]
- agglutination
- areal characteristics
- areal consistency
- areal features
- areal isoglosses
- bilingualism
- bilingualism [local]
- binary grammatical oppositions
- biogeography
- bioregion
- Bronze Age
- Central Asian linguistic area
- coastal adaptation
- cognate
- colonial languages
- colonization
- colonized areas
- consonantism [basic]
- constraining principles [human languages]
- continents [colonization of]
- continents [linguistically autonomous]
- correlation [between grammatical categories]
- correlation [between structural types and grammatical categories]
- cultural determinants
- dialect-geographical area
- diversity [linguistic]
- diversity [linguistic] [net increase of]
- diversity [linguistic] [theory of]
- early Bronze culture
- economy [nomadic]
- economy [urban]
- Eneolithic culture
- equator
- Ethiopian residual zone
- ethnic interaction
- etymology
- genetic density [high]
- genetic density [low]
- genetic distribution [of languages]
- genetic diversity
- genetic stability
- geographic distribution
- geographical constraints
- geographical determinants
- geography
- glaciation [end of]
- global expansion
- grammatical description
- grammatical patterns
- grammatical stability
- high-diversity areas
- historical affinity [between populations]
- history of language
- homeland [Indo-European]
- hominid evolution [original center of]
- homogeneity
- human expansion [beginning of]
- implicational hierarchies
- infinitive [absence of]
- influence [cultural] [economic] [political]
- inter-ethnic communication
- internal diversity
- internal stability
- intrusive languages
- isogloss
- isogloss bundle
- isogloss [spread of]
- language isolate
- language [non-abstract object]
- language [psychological object]
- language [spread of]
- language succession
- lexical stock
- lingua franca
- linguistic diffusion
- linguistic diversity
- linguistic geography
- linguistic history
- linguistic populations [origins of]
- linguistic prehistory
- linguistic variation
- mainland [vs. island]
- markedness
- migrations
- migrations [east-west dynamic]
- migrations [prehistoric]
- multi-tree situation
- multilingualism
- Neolithic Age
- numeral classifiers
- plants [nouns referring to]
- plurality neutralization
- point of origin [historical]
- population
- population biology
- population [definition of]
- population genetics
- relative diversity
- relative homogeneity
- residual zone
- root
- root [pronominal]
- Sahara spread
- sedentary agriculture
- seegoing watercraft
- shape [classification]
- Southeast Asia
- spread zone
- stockbreeding
- stratification
- structural affinity
- structural correlations
- structural diversity
- structural features [distribution]
- structural features [governing principles]
- sub-Saharan Africa
- subcontinent
- subpopulation
- substratum
- trading centers
- tree-merging
- umlaut
- universal determinants
- universals
- world languages [areal distribution]
- world languages [genetic distribution]
- world linguistic areas
GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY
- aspect
- gender
- number [case inflection]
- number [category of] [absence of]
- possession [alienable vs. inalienable]
- tense [absence of]
- voice
LANGUAGE CHANGE
- ancestral type [development away from]
- conservatism
- diachronic conservatism
- diachronic stability
- diffusion [linguistic]
- evolution of language
- extinct languages
- language contact [borrowing]
- linguistic innovation
- linguistic innovation [cultural]
LANGUAGE RECONSTRUCTION
- archaisms
- family tree
- genetic distance [between languages]
- genetic lineage
- genetic relationship [between languages]
- genetic stock
- indigenous linguistic stocks [antiquity of]
- Indo-European
- Indo-European [expansion of]
- language families
- languages [origins of]
- linguistic descent
- linguistic reconstruction [of families] [stocks]
- macro-group
- phylum
- protolanguage [reconstruction of]
- subgrouping
- superstock
- time depth
LANGUAGE TYPE
- accusative languages
- active-inactive distinction
- active languages
- class languages
- dependent-marking languages
- isolating language
- split-marking language
- stative-active languages
- verb-final languages
- verb-initial languages
- verb-medial languages
LANGUAGES
- African languages [links with Eurasia]
- Afro-Asiatic
- Algonquian
- Altaic
- American Indian languages
- Amharic
- Armenian
- Australian languages
- Austronesian languages
- Balto-Slavic
- Bantu languages
- Burushaski
- Chadic
- Cimmerian
- Cushitic languages
- Dravidian
- Etruscan
- Eurasian languages [links with Africa]
- Finno-Ugric languages
- Germanic
- Hattic
- Hausa
- Hittite
- Iranian
- Kartvelian
- Khoisan languages
- Lezgian languages
- Mayan
- Mongolian
- Nilo-Saharan languages
- Nostratic
- Ossetic
- Pama-Nyungan
- Pictish
- Romance languages
- Scandinavian languages [influence on English]
- Scytho-Sarmatian languages
- Semitic languages [spread of]
- Siouan
- South American languages [origins of]
- Tungusic
- Turkic
- Uralic languages
- Uto-Aztecan
LEXICON
- active nouns [as subjects]
- active nouns [vs. stative nouns]
- animacy
- animacy [grammaticalized]
- body parts [nouns referring to]
- copula
- copula [absence of]
- doublet [verbal]
- suppletion
- suppletion [lexical]
- suppletion [patterns of]
LINGUISTIC CONSTRUCTIONS
METHODS, APPROACHES, AND HYPOTHESES
- areal linguistics [diffusion-based approach]
- areal theory
- comparative method
- comparative method [lexicon]
- cross-linguistic comparison
- evolution [as explanation]
- functional explanations
- functional linguistics
- heuristic method
- historical-comparative linguistics
- historical-comparative linguistics [methodology of]
- linguistic typology
- population-typological approach
- quantitative method
- sampling procedure [bottom-up]
- sampling procedure [top-down]
- theoretical constructs
- theoretical explanation
- typology [constraints]
- typology [diversity]
- typology [population]
- typology [structural]
MORPHOLOGY
- affix [personal] [active vs. stative]
- affix [possessive]
- affix [possessive] [inalienable]
- affix [verbal] [inactive]
- inflection [class]
- inflection [nominal]
- inflection [verbal]
- inflection [verbal] [stative-active]
- morphology [complex]
- morphology [suffixal]
- object marking [indirect]
- zero ending
PARTS OF SPEECH
- adjective
- adjective [absence of]
- adjective [as intransitive verb]
- adposition
- adposition [absence of]
- noun
- noun [classes of]
- noun [verbal] [absence of]
- postposition
- pronoun
- pronoun [bound]
- pronoun [classes of]
- pronoun [exclusive vs. inclusive]
- verb
- verb [classification of]
SEMANTICS
SYNTAX
- agent-patient relations
- alignment
- branching [initial]
- clause alignment [accusative]
- clause alignment [ergative]
- clause alignment [stative-active]
- clause [structural domination by verb]
- core grammatical relations
- dependent-marking [frequency]
- ergativity
- function
- head-marking
- head-marking [frequency]
- morphosyntactic structure
- object [direct]
- object [direct] [incorporation into verb]
- object [indirect]
- object [near vs. far]
- parameter
- reference marking
- subject-object relations
- valency
- valency-increasing operation
- valency-reducing operation
- voice opposition [absence of]
- word order
- word order [low-frequency]
- word order [SOV]