Introduction to Philosophy

 

PHL 301; unique #’s 38310–38365

Lectures: Monday, Wednesday 2–3 p.m. (FAC 21)

 

Instructor: David Sosa (WAG 221, 1–5284)

E-mail: david_sosa@mail.utexas.edu

Web page: http://www.utexas.edu/cola/depts/philosophy/faculty/sosa/main.html

Office Hours: Monday, Wednesday 3–4 p.m.

Teaching Assistants: Blinn Combs, Warren von Eschenbach, Clancy Martin

 

 

Announcement: Due to the impossibility of booking space in advance, a formal review for the final exam in PHL 301 (Spring ’01) will not be held. Blinn Combs will be available to answer questions on Tuesday, May 8, from noon until 3pm in his office (WAG 410A). Clancy Martin will be holding an informal review session at 4pm tomorrow (Tuesday May 8) on the south steps of the Tower. Warren von Eschenbach will be holding a review session from noon to 2pm on Tuesday, May 8, in Waggener 312 (or 212, as available). All are welcome.

 

 

 

Description:

 

“Philosophy is to be studied, not for the sake of any definite answers to its questions…but rather for the sake of the questions themselves; because these questions enlarge our conception of what is possible, enrich our intellectual imagination and diminish the dogmatic assurance which closes the mind against speculation….” (Bertrand Russell, The Problems of Philosophy, 1912)

 

Investigation of some basic philosophical issues: freedom, identity, knowledge, minds, morality, religion, and science. The aim will be learning to read actively, to engage problems with sophistication, to reason creatively and with precision, and to write thoughtfully—ultimately, to appreciate philosophy.

 

 

Text:

 

John Perry and Michael Bratman (eds.), Introduction to Philosophy: Classical and Contemporary Readings, Oxford University Press (3rd edition, 1999).

 

 

Evaluation:

 

Two in-class one-hour exams and a final exam (each count 20% of final grade)

Three short (approximately 2 pages) writing assignments (each count 10%)

Participation in discussion sections will represent 10% of final grade.

 

 

Schedule:

 

Religion

 

Monday, 22 January – Cosmological Argument

            “On the Study of Philosophy” (pp. 1–6)

Aquinas,  from the Summa Theologica (pp. 47–49)

 

Wednesday, 24 January – Teleological Argument

            Hume, from the Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion (pp. 57–64 and 69–73)

 

Monday, 29 January – The Problem of Evil

            Hume, from the Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion (pp. 78 [middle of column 2]–88)

            Russell, “Why I Am Not a Theist” (pp. 53–56)

 

 

Knowledge

 

Wednesday, 31 January – Cartesian Meditations of a Skeptical Kind

            Descartes, from the Meditations on First Philosophy (pp. 116–118)

 

Monday, 5 February – Cogito Ergo Sum

            Descartes, from the Meditations on First Philosophy (pp. 118–121 and 132 [from top of column 2]–133)

 

Wednesday, 7 February – Descartes’s Circle; and Do Our Ideas Represent the World?

            Locke, “Some Further Considerations Concerning Our Simple Ideas” (pp. 140 [§7] –144)

 

Monday, 12 February – Think Again

            Berkeley, from the Three Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonous (pp. 145–164)

 

Wednesday, 14 February (Happy Valentine’s Day!) – To Be is to Be Perceived

            Berkeley, from the Three Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonous (pp. 164–176)

 

 

First paper due in discussion sections – 16 February

 

First in-class exam – Monday, 19 February

 

 

Freedom

 

Wednesday, 21 February – The Case for Free Will

            Campbell, “Has the Self 'Free Will'?” (pp. 417–426)

 

Monday, 26 February– Compatibilism I

            Hume, “Of Liberty and Necessity” (pp. 426–433)

 

Wednesday, 28 February – Compatibilism II

            Hume, “Of Liberty and Necessity” (pp. 433–436)

 

 

Identity

 

Monday, 5 March – Identity

            The Paradox of Identity (pp. 788–789)

 

 

Science

 

Wednesday, 7 March – The Problem of Induction I

            Hume, from An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding (pp. 190–199)

 

Monday, 19 March – The Problem of Induction II

            Hume, from An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding (pp. 199–216 [but skip §VI])

 

Wednesday, 21 March – The New Riddle of Induction

Goodman's New Riddle of Induction (p. 791)

 

 

Second paper due in discussion sections – 23 March

 

Second in-class exam – Monday, 26 March

 

 

Mind

 

Wednesday, 28 March – Dualism

            Ryle, “Descartes’ Myth” (pp. 316–323)

 

Monday, 2 April – Mind/Brain Identity Theory

            Armstrong,  “The Nature of Mind” (pp. 324–331)

 

Wednesday, 4 April – Functionalism

            Turing, “Computing Machinery and Intelligence” (pp. 355–368)

 

Monday, 9 April – A Problem with Physicalism

            Nagel, “What Is It Like To Be a Bat?” (pp. 382–390)

           

Wednesday, 11 April – Qualia and The Knowledge Argument

            Jackson, “What Mary Didn’t Know” (pp. 390–393)

 

 

Morality

           

Monday, 16 April– The Greatest Happiness for the Greatest Number

            Bentham, “The Principle of Utility” (pp. 483–486)

            Mill, from Utilitarianism (pp. 486–495)

 

Wednesday, 18 April– Consequences of Consequentalism

            Singer, “Famine, Affluence and Morality” (pp. 521–528)

 

Monday, 23 April – Duty

            Kant, from the Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals (pp. 529–537)

 

Wednesday, 25 April – More Duty

            Kant,  from the Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals (pp. 537–545)

 

Third paper due in discussion sections – 27 April

 

Monday, 30 April – Virtue

            Aristotle, from the Nicomachean Ethics (pp. 564–573)

 

Wednesday, 2 May – More Virtue

            Aristotle, from the Nicomachean Ethics (pp. 573–579)

 

Final exam – Wednesday, 9 May (9 a.m. to noon)