Introduction to the Ancient World: Greece

The Hellenistic Age (cont'd) 

I. The spirit of the times as reflected in sculpture (contd. from Lecture 33)

A. realism: women, Boxer, boy strangling goose 
B. classicizing: Apollo Belvedere; mighty and flighty Aphrodites (cf. Venus de Milo earlier); also earlier 4th cent.: Praxiteles (Apollo the Lizard Slayer)
C. baroque, eccentricism, freakout: Farnese Bull (Punishment of Dirce), Laocoon
D. architecture as spectacle: Acropolis of Lindos (Rhodes), Fortuna Temple at Palestrina (near Rome) [LEGO model] 

II.  Architecture as spectacle: Acropolis of Lindos (Rhodes), Fortuna Temple at Palestrina (near Rome); the Lighthouse of Alexandria 

III. The goal of the new philosophies: a-pathy 

A. Stoicism (Zeno 335-263 B.C.): Thy will be done
B. Epicureanism (Epicurus 341-270 B.C.): a material world, atoms 

IV. Learning and Inventiveness 

A. math and science:

1. Eratosthenes (285-194 B.C.): circumference of earth (see A&L p. 204)
2. Archimedes (287-212 B.C.): specific gravity 
3. heliocentrism, world as globe 

B. Library of Alexandria; Septuagint 
C. technology and gizmos; mechane; Hero of Alexandria (1st cent.) 
D. medicine:

1. Herophilus (330-260 B.C.): anatomy, vivisection; discovers cerebrum,   cerebellum, spinal cord, ovaries, fallopian tube, etc.
2. Context: magic, temple healing (Asclepius) 

 FOR FRIDAY: PLEASE READ EURIPIDES' BACCHAE AND BRING TEXTS TO CLASS.

Lecture 34 Images