Myth: Definitions, Categories, Transformations


August 28, 2009


Return to Syllabus

CC 303 Intro to Classical Mythology - Fall 2009 - Prof. Lawrence Kim
Department of Classics, University of Texas at Austin


Provisional Definition: “Myth is a socially powerful, traditional, story.” (Buxton)
  1. Story: myths are narratives (Apollo, for example, is not a myth)
  2. Traditional: Told and retold for generations
  3. Socially Powerful: must have “collective importance” for a social group, community, region, etc.  

Categories of Greek Myth
  1. Divine Myth
    • Concerns gods, set in a timeless early era
    • Represents only a small portion of Greek myths
  2. Heroic Myth (or Legend, or Sagas): 
    • Concerns humans, but great ones, often the children of gods.  
    • Set in a distant, but still historical past
  3. Folktale (or Fairy Tale): 
    • Tells of regular, everyday humans in a timeless and generic setting
    • Often features magic, the supernatural, monsters, etc. 
    • Note: Heroic and divine myths can feature folktale motifs and plots

Transformations of Myths: The Story of Gyges, King of Lydia


AGES of GREEK AND ROMAN ANTIQUITY
(For a more full ancient chronology, see Buxton, p. 8)

NameDatesPeriod Ends with:
Mycenean Bronze Ageca. 1550-ca. 1050 BCEDestruction of Mycenean Palace Culture
Iron (or Dark) Ageca. 1050-ca. 750 BCEIntroduction of Alphabet to Greece
Archaicca. 750-479 BCEPersian Wars
Classical479-323 BCEDeath of Alexander the Great
Hellenistic323–31 BCEDeath of Cleopatra VII last Greek monarch
Roman Empire31 BCE-337 CEDeath of Constantine