03. THE GREEK AND ROMAN GODS

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See also H&P 184-85.

GREEK NAME	epithets and other names
(Roman Name)	functions
	attributes

ZEUS (Jupiter)	thunderer, lord of gods and men, counselor, father, cloud-gatherer, aegis-bearing king of gods, weather god thunderbolt, bearded
HERA (Juno)	ox-eyed, white-armed wife of Zeus; goddess of marriage, childbirth shown lifting veil from her face
POSEIDON (Neptune)	earth-shaker, horsey god of the sea, earthquakes trident, bearded
DEMETER (Ceres)	[no standard epithets] goddess of agriculture sheaf of grain
APOLLO (Apollo)	far-darter, Pythian, Delian, Cynthius, Phoebus god of the sun, archery, music, prophecy, medicine bow and arrow, beardless
ARTEMIS (Diana)	virgin huntress, Delian, Cynthia goddess of the moon, hunting, wildlife bow and arrow, short dress
ARES (Mars)	grim, warlike god of war; some agricultural functions in Rome no standard attributes, beardless
APHRODITE (Venus)	Cyprian, golden, laughter-loving goddess of love more jewelry than other goddesses
HERMES (Mercury)	Argus-slayer, guide, conductor of souls god of travelers, thieves; messenger of the gods; guide of souls to Hades winged cap and sandals, caduceus (staff with snakes twined round )
ATHENA / ATHENE (Minerva)	grey-eyed, owl-eyed, Pallas, Parthenos goddess of good sense; warlike; protector of heroes armor, aegis
HEPHAISTOS / HEPHAESTUS (Vulcan)	lame, club-foot blacksmith god; god of craftsmen; in Rome; connected with volcanoes riding donkey-back; blacksmith tools
HADES (Pluto)	[no standard epithets] god of the dead, king of the underworld bearded
DIONYSOS / DIONYSUS (Bacchus)	Bacchus, Bromios god of wine, drama, the irrational thyrsus (staff topped with ivy-leaves), ivy wreath, wine cup