I. Five parts of rhetoric

1. Invention
2. Arrangement
3. Style
4. Memory
5. Delivery

II. Three types of speech

1. judicial
2. deliberative
3. epideictic

III. Six parts of a speech

1. exordium: prepares hearer (1 Cat. 1-2))
2. narration: explain facts of case (1 Cat. 3-4))
3. partition: list what is to be disputed or proven (1 Cat. 5)
4. confirmation: make case by argument (1 Cat. 6-10)
5. refutation: respond to opponent's arguments (1 Cat. 11-12)
6. conclusion (=peroration): sum up, arouse indignation and pity (1 Cat. 13)

IV. Three types of style

1. High (Grand)
2. Middle
3. Low (Plain)

V. Three ways of influencing the hearer (from Aristotle)

1. logos
2. ethos
3. pathos

VI. Some rhetorical tropes (tricks of the trade)

1. anaphora:
   the repetition of a word or phrase for emphasis: "..the criminal still lives. Lives? Yes, lives"
2. brevitas:
   using as few words as possible
3. copia:
   using more words than are necessary for extra effect
4. hyperbole:
   exaggeration: "[Catiline]... marks down with ominous glances every single one of us for massacre."
5. metaphor:
   expression of meaning through an image: description of Catiline's conspiracy as a disease
6. prosopopoiea:
   using the voice of someone else: Rome's address to Cicero
7. rhetorical question:
   "Quo usque tandem abutere, Catilina, patientia nostra?"
8. tricolon:
   groups of three, often increasing in power: "Let them cease to to lay plots..., let them cease to crowd menacingly..., let them cease to beleager the senate house..."

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