Practice Exam for Unit 2

In the following items, indicate which type of self-regulation the learner is exhibiting.

A. cognitive/metacognitive management

B. emotion/motivation management

C. behavior/resource management

1. Harold organizes his class notes into a concept map in preparation for the test.

2. Before he sits down to work, Isaac makes sure that no one can interrupt him for at least an hour.

3. Jeff creates sample test items for himself as he reads his assignments.

4. Kathy follows each study period with a fun activity to reinforce herself for working.

5. If Liza starts to feel anxious during a test, she puts her pencil down, closes her eyes, and counts to twenty.

6. Which of the following would be a metacognitive act?

A. Retyping my lecture notes as a first step in studying for a test.

B. Skimming the reading as a way of identifying main points.

C. Keeping a dictionary handy while translating French.

D. Checking whether I am sticking with my original study goals and adjusting accordingly.

7. Which of the following would be an example of studying for meaningful learning?

A. I skim the text readings and list the words that are in bold or italics.

B. I carefully rewrite my lecture notes to be sure I can read everything and nothing is scribbled. Then I read them several times until I know them by heart.

C. I make flash cards of the vocabulary and carry them with me wherever I go so I can study them inbetween other activities.

D. I try to form a picture of what I’m studying and how the various concepts are linked together in a structure. I highlight the main ideas of the structure and think of examples for each.

8. Which of the following situations would encourage students to use effective study strategies?

A. Students need to memorize the strategy steps and practice them until they are automatic.

B. Students should work independently to practice strategies rather than in groups.

C. Teachers should model strategies during class time to show students how they work.

D. Students can learn strategy use independent of the content or situation.

What type of transfer is being made in the each of the following situations?

9. Practice sessions given in preparation for athletic events try to recreate the same conditions that will be present during the actual game so the players will react quickly and automatically during the real event.

A. near transfer

B. far transfer

10. In general, instruction in a language begins with learning some of the most common words before attempting to form those words into sentences. Once the words are learned, students can start using them in more complex structures.

A. horizontal transfer

B. vertical transfer

11. Sometimes when questions look very similar to ones that have occurred during practice tests, students will fail to actually read the whole question and will respond as they did during practice. That usually leads to points taken off.

A. negative transfer

B. positive transfer

12. Which of the following is true of near transfer situations?

A. The tasks are identical and require the learner to recognize the correct answer that he has already seen before.

B. The tasks are conceptually similar and require the learner to recognize the rule.

C. The tasks are perceptually similar and result in automatic triggering of a response.

D. The tasks occur close together in time and that is the reason the transfer occurs.

13. Which of the following situations is most likely to produce transfer?

A. Students create their own examples of the material they are studying.

B. Students drill with flash cards of the definitions they are studying.

C. Students first learn all the basic information about an area early in their study, but don’t appy it until much later.

D. Students will do best if they get lots of practice on the same situations.

14. Which of the following factors that facilitate transfer is the best explanation for why it is better to study a few things in depth than many things at a surface level?

A. Transfer is best if you take a long time between learning and transfer.

B. Transfer is best if you see lots of different examples.

C. Transfer is best if initial learning is thorough.

D. Transfer is best if you have to state the principle during learning.

15. Which of the following would be an example of disinhibition as it is described in social learning theory?

A. Despite a buffet table heaped with tempting food, no one took anything until the hostess specifically invited us to.

B. Even though the sign said "no right turn on red," cars continued to make the turn one after another.

C. I get a real lump in my throat when I watch the awards ceremonies at the Olympics.

D. I don't have much of a voice so I just mouth the lyrics when the group sings.

16. What differentiates disinhibition from response facilitation in social learning theory?

A. whether or not the behavior that occurs is appropriate

B. whether or not the behavior is new or old

C. whether or not the behavior is overt or hidden

D. whether or not it's a group or an individual that's behaving.

17. In a classroom the most likely form of social learning theory for controlling student behavior would probably be:

A. imitation

B. disinhibition

C. arousal

D. inhibition

Determine which part of the observational learning process would be helped by each of the following:

A. attention 18. It is important for the learner to see what happens when

B. retention the model completes the behavior.

C. production

D. motivation 19. A clear mental model is easier to remember and use later.

20. Models should be similar to the learner to be effective.

21. Being given corrective feedback while watching yourself

perform improves learning.

22. The initial model should be made simple.

23. Which of the following instructional methods makes the best and clearest use of the concepts of social learning theory?

A. the cognitive apprenticeship

B. lecturing with questions

C. discussion by students

D. cooperative learning

24. When a teacher and learner take turns engaging in the behavior that is being learned until the learner can take the whole process over, what model of teaching is being used?

A. collaborative teaching

B. observational teaching

C. teaching by facilitation in the ZPD

D. reciprocal teaching

25. What role does the teacher play in a community of learners model?

A. The teacher arranges the learning environment so the right things will be learned.

B. The teacher models the behavior and gives feedback.

C. The teacher acts as a co-learner.

D. The teacher stays neutral and acts only as a resource.

26. An important result of the research on cooperative learning is that:

A. students cannot be given the responsibility of grading their own group work.

B. all students eventually learn to like working in groups.

C. students who are performance oriented dislike group work.

D. students who work in groups learn to like and work with others from different ethnic groups.

27. If you were forming groups in your class, it would be best to:

A. create heterogeneous groups with mixed abilities or backgrounds

B. create homogeneous groups with students of all the same level

C. create groups where there will always be one clear leader

D. create groups where the students already know one another

28. "Constructivism" is called that because the main point of the theory is that:

A. what a learner knows is based on his prior knowledge constantly being constructed and modified by new information.

B. everything we know is based on constructs that are reflections of the real world.

C. our understanding of the world is developed by consulting authoritative sources.

29. Which of the following activities would be most characteristic of a constructivist classroom?

A. The students read and respond to questions from the textbook.

B. Students are working together on problems they have chosen.

C. Students work in pairs to carry out lab demonstrations described in the manual.

D. The teacher gives a presentation based on a topic chosen by the students.

30. In the Perkins article on constructivism, he describes several situations for which constructivist methods are appropriate. In one the knowledge being learned goes against misconceptions that the learner already holds. He describes this situation as:

A. conceptually difficult knowledge

B. inert knowledge

C. foreign knowledge

D. ritual knowledge

31. The author of your textbook lists several advantages of using interactive groups in teaching and I mentioned them in class. List and describe two of those reasons and explain why each would be important for learning by tying it to any of the learning theories mentioned in item 25. (5 points)

Advantage 1:

Why it should work according to theory:

Advantage 2:

Why it should work according to theory:

32. You have been assigned the task of designing a program to help young single mothers shop wisely for nutritious foods instead of succumbing to the temptation to buy good tasting, but unhealthy junk foods that their kids demand. Use social learning theory to help them learn to buy wisely and to stick to what they’ve learned in spite of pressure from the kids. Please use the appropriate terms in describing what you would do and the effects you expect from it.

A program strategy derived from social learning theory