French and Indian Wars: 1689-1763
The impact of a European war on Native Americans Conflict in Europe
North America had become part of the World System, and events were influenced greatly by what was going on in Europe French and English claims
Situation in the 1680s
Spain controlled Florida France held the St. Lawrence England (& Sweden and Holland) controlled the east coast Iroquois Confederacy controlled much of upstate New York England's advantage
New France 12,000 English Colonies 200,000 The Iroquois' situation
militarily in the middle controlled access to furs were strong allies to the Europeans The Iroquois Confederacy
for internal peace and external defense
- Mohawk
- Oneida
- Onondaga
- Cayuga
- Seneca
Iroquois social and political organization
matrilineal society - longhouses were parts of matrilineal clans - husbands came to live in woman's longhouse government by a network of councils - required concensus Iroquois government was one model for U.S. Constitution First major conflicts
French forts of the St. Lawrence, Lakes, Ohio, Mississippi, and Missouri 1754 Fort Duquesne 1758 Louisbourg, Nova Scotia The Acadians
1750s England vs. France
1755 explusion of Acadians 1755 fall of Ft. Dusquesne 1759 fall of Quebec 1774 British Canada become refuge of Loyalists Aftermath, 1763
Britain's superior numbers had eventually allowed them to prevail (and eventually to lose it all) took the Ohio Valley defeated the Cherokees by treaty got all of North America east of the Mississippi, including Canada and Florida Native Americans lost their foreign support in the East
comments to Wilson or Lovata
Created 10/21/98, modified by SMW 10/21/98