THE RECORD

November 1, 1977

No. 46

LYNDON B. JOHNSON SCHOOL OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS, THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN

EDITOR Marilyn Duncan

CONFERENCE ON CONGRESS AND PRESIDENCY TO BE HELD HERE

The institutional relationship between the Congress and the Presidency will be the focus of an upcoming conference sponsored by the LBJ Library and the LBJ School.

The conference, entitled Congress and the Presidency: A Shifting Balance of Power? is scheduled for November 15‑17 in the East Campus Lecture Hall and LBJ Auditorium.

In order to conduct a full investigation of the issues associated with the changing legislative/executive relationship over the past twenty years and to estimate future developments, conference coordinators have invited a wide range of political practitioners, media specialists, and scholars.

The swing from legislative supremacy in the '50s to executive supremacy in the '60s will be examined to gain a realistic perspective on the balance of powers in play during the Nixon, Ford, and Carter administrations of the '70s.

The conference will be divided into seven broad areas of discussion, each to be examined through the presentation of papers followed by a panel discussion.

The morning session on November 15th will open the public conference with a broad overview of the issues. Under the topic, "The Imperial Presidency and the Resurgent Congress: Myth or Reality?" papers will be presented by Thomas Cronin of Brandeis University and Lawrence Dodd of UT Austin. On the panel for this session will be James L. Sundquist and Stephen Hess of the Brookings Institution; Tom Wicker, columnist for The New York Times; and Gary Wills, columnist and author of Nixon Agonistes.

The afternoon session on November 15 will focus on structural areas of conflict between the Congress and the Presidency, with papers by Allen Schick of the Urban Institute and Morris Fiorina of the California Institute of Technology. Panelists for this session will include Francis E. Rourke, Johns Hopkins University; Louis Fisher, Congressional Research Service; and Senator Edmund S. Muskie.

That evening participants will take another look at the areas of conflict from the standpoints of foreign and domestic policy control. Papers for this session will be prepared by UT Professor Robert A. Divine and Sar Levitan of George Washington University. Discussants will include Wilbur Cohen, University of Michigan; David Price, Duke University; Walt W. Rostow, UT; and Gale McGee, Permanent Representative to OAS.

The second day of the conference will open with a session on "Johnson and Rayburn: The 1950s Era of Congressional Government." Addressing the historical issues will be D.B. Hardeman, Rayburn's Administrative Assistant, and Ralph Huitt of the National Association of State Universities and Land‑Grant Colleges, coauthor of a book on Johnson's Senate years. Panelists will include Congresswoman Lindy Boggs, former Senator Alan Bible, and Bill Theis.

The afternoon session on November 16 will be devoted to the 1960s as "An Era of Presidential Government." Moderator will be former Johnson advisor Horace Busby, and the paper will be presented by Barefoot Sanders. Wilbur Cohen of Michigan, former Senator Margaret Chase Smith, Senator Henry B. Gonzales, and former White House aide Harry McPherson will form the panel.

That evening, under Moderator Emmette K. Redford, participants will examine the reorganization of Congress and the Executive Branch. Civil Service Chairman Alan Campbell and University of California professor Roger H. Davidson will offer papers, and Herbert Kaufman of the Brookings Institution and Harold Seidman of the University of Connecticut will serve as discussants. Congressman Jack Brooks is tentatively scheduled to participate on this panel.

The final day of the conference will begin with a session on "Perspectives for the Future," moderated by Liz Carpenter. Bill Rivers of Stanford University will address the topic of "Access to Information and the Media." Panelists for this session will include Sid Davis, NBC News; Hoyt Purvis, Democratic Policy Committee (formerly Publications Director, LBJ School); George Christian, Presidential Press Secretary for Lyndon Johnson; Peggy Simpson, Associated Press reporter covering the House of Representatives; Douglass Cater of The Observer; Frances Levine, U.S. Department of Transportation; and Jody Powerll, Press Secretary for Jimmy Carter.

The afternoon session on November 17 will close the conference with a look at the 1970s, "Conflict and a Search for a New Balance." Congressman Robert Eckhardt will give a paper on the power struggle between Congress and the President, followed by a general assessment of the 70s by Richard Neustadt of Harvard University, Graham Allison, Dean of the JFK School of Government, Former Speaker Carl Albert, Senator John Tower, and CBS News correspondent Bill Moyers.

In charge of planning the conference is a committee consisting of Harry Middleton and Charles Corchran of the LBJ Library; Dean Elspeth Rostow, Professor Emmette Redford, and Professor Richard Schott of the LBJ School; and Professor Larry Dodd of the UT Department of Government.

KISSINGER TO SPEAK HERE NOV. 7

Dr. Henry Kissinger will be in Austin November 7, and is scheduled to engage in several activities at the LBJ School during the course of the day.

At noon he will have lunch with the School faculty and department heads in the Dean's Conference Room.

From 1:30‑2:30 p.m., he will speak to LBJ School students and faculty in a school‑wide seminar in the East Campus Lecture Hall.

Then at 4:00 p.m., Dr. Kissinger will offer a public address in the LBJ Auditorium on the topics of current U.S. foreign policy stance and his role in Washington as Secretary of State. The event is being cosponsored by the LBJ School, the LBJ Library, and the Texas Union Ideas and Issues Committee.

LBJ FOLLIES SCHEDULED FOR NOV.

The third annual LBJ School Follies, an extravanganza sponsored by the second‑year class, will be held Monday, November 21, in the Texas Union Ballroom. Doors will open at 7:30 p.m. Tickets are $3 and may be purchased at the door or in advance from members of the second‑year class. The price of admission includes beer, wine and snacks.

At press time, show details were as yet unavailable, but an anonymous member of the Planning Committee issued a warning: "Nothing is sacred."

'ON THE RECORD'

Dean Elspeth Rostow has been invited to Syracuse University Nov. 30 to attend the installation ceremonies for Guthrie Burkhead, who is replacing Alan Campbell as Dean of the Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs. Dean Rostow will join other deans in making after‑dinner comments regarding the future of schools of public affairs. Her topic will be "Cooperation among the Social Sciences in Understanding Public Policy Problems."

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The new name is not the only change around the OACIP.

The new faces in the front office belong to Nancy Bailey and Sandy Hons, senior secretaries working in the areas of admissions and internships/placement, respectively. Ms. Bailey, who has a B.A. in government from UT, had a temporary secretarial assignment with John Hamilton prior to her appointment in the OACIP. Ms. Hons comes to the LBJ School after five years with the Texas Teacher Center Project, a federally‑funded project to assist teacher centers in the state.

The other important change is in the area of internships: OACIP Director Elizabeth Hall has announced that Wilda Campbell, in addition to her placement responsibilities, will coordinate the internship program this year. Ms. Hall will continue as a resource person in the area.

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Professor Albert Blum recently participated in the Fifth Meeting of Mexican and North American Historians in Patzcuaro, Mexico, on a session on "Mexican Labor in the United States."

On Oct. 14, Dr. Blum participated in a University of Texas program on "Defining Choices for Women," dealing with issues facing women in the labor force.

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Kathy Griffis, LBJ School second-year student, will present a paper at the American Public Health Association's Annual Meetings to be held in Washington, D.C. Oct. 30‑Nov. 3. The paper, co‑authored by Professor Lodis Rhodes, is entitled "Medication Misuse Among the Elderly."

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Professor Lodis Rhodes will present a paper at the annual meeting of the Gerontological Society, to be held Nov. 18‑22 in San Francisco. Dr. Rhodes' topic will be "Federal Legislation and Older Americans: An Array of Conflicting Policies."

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Two LBJ School faculty members were promoted to higher academic rank beginning this academic year. Lynn F. Anderson moved from Associate Professor to Professor, and Dagmar S. Hamilton from Assistant Professor to Associate Professor.

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Professor Lynn F. Anderson was the principal speaker at a regional conference of city officials in Region 6 of the Texas Municipal League in San Angelo, September 27. City officials in attendance included mayors, councilpersons, city managers and department heads from cities in a 19‑county area of central west Texas.

On October 17‑18 he participated in the annual conference of the Texas Municipal League in San Antonio and presented a paper to the Texas Municipal Finance Officers Association on "Current Issues and Revision of Governmental Accounting Standards for State and Local Governments."

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Professor Jared Hazelton attended the Annual Meeting of the Southern Growth Policies Board in Oklahoma City, October 17‑19. The SGPB is a consortium of Southern states formed to promote growth and development in the South. This year's conference focused on trends in the revision of federal formulas which discriminate against Southern cities.

While in Oklahoma, Dr. Hazelton met with representatives of the University of Oklahoma and Oklahoma State University to discuss School recruitment possibilities.

* * * * *

Professor Albert Blum has been elected to the executive board of the Southwest Labor Studies Conference.

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On October 5 Professor Lynn F. Anderson made a presentation on "Budget Standards and Requirements for Texas Cities" and served as a workshop leader at a Small Cities Management Seminar conducted at the University of Houston by that university and the Houston‑Galveston Area Council of Governments.

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The State Comptroller's Office has adopted and implemented a public information disclosure policy developed by LBJ School graduate Cathy Bruns. Ms. Bruns, now an evaluation analyst in the Comptroller's Office, developed the plan in a topical seminar on Implementation of Controversial Policies taught last Spring by Professor Lodis Rhodes.

* * * * *

Dean Elspeth Rostow will be meeting informally with students in groups of ten during the month of November. The gatherings will include five first‑year and five second‑year students, and are being arranged in advance by the Dean's office.

BLISSETT WRITES ON ENERGY PLANS

A comparative analysis of mandatory and voluntary energy conservation plans is made by Professor Marlan Blissett in the September issue of Texas Business Review. In the article, entitled "Implementing the Energy Policy and Conservation Act in Texas," Blissett looks at the five mandatory programs for energy conservation established by the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (EPCA), and demonstrates how these measures will result in an estimated energy saving of less than 1% in Texas by 1980. He goes onto show the comparative effectiveness of optional programs in the state's energy conservation plan.

Blissett explains that the optional measures in the state plan are designed to save energy through voluntary use of technical innovations and state‑of‑the‑art design improvements. Target areas for implementing these measures are in new and existing commercial buildings and residences, in industrial processes, in agriculture, in public schools, and in local governments. In each of these areas, Blissett says, the plan provides for state‑funded workshops, publicity campaigns, and other outreach activities aimed at disseminating technical information on energy conservation.

The EPCA calls for a minimum energy consumption reduction rate of 5% in 1980. Blissett finds that although in combination the mandatory and optional programs in the state plan can save an estimated 534 trillion Btu's (5.7% reduced consumption) in 1980, the bulk of the savings (about 5.63%) is achievable through implementation of the optional measures. For various reasons the mandatory conservation measures set by the EPCA either cannot be implemented in Texas or their implementation yields negligible energy savings.

He concludes that although the current plan, with its emphasis on optional measures over mandatory ones, may have to strike a different balance in time, it recognizes the enormous potential for energy savings in Texas and provides "a framework within which all parties at interest can assess both mandatory and optional programs for their possible impacts and consequences."

ALUMNI FORUM

We would like to thank the approximately 30 persons who have already made contributions to the alumni association. This financial support will enable us to keep contributing members informed about speakers, programs and special events to which the alumni are invited. Occasionally, as in the case of President Ford's address to the student body of the LBJ School, admission to a special event is by ticket only. The alumni association receives several tickets and will continue to distribute them as equitably as possible to interested members. On other occasions, such as Speaker Tip O'Neill's recent question‑and‑answer session at the School, admission is open. Before each event of this type, the alumni association will make every effort to inform its members of the opportunity to participate. The alumni board intends to be of service to the active members of the alumni association.

Some events which are currently under consideration by the board include:

1) a Christmas party in early December; 2) a professional development day in late winter, at which the alumni can discuss their careers, their experiences and provide input into the LBJ School curriculum; and 3) several informal meetings with persons who are candidates for various state offices and the U.S. Senate. Please contact the alumni officers if you support these activities or have additional suggestions.

Dean Rostow recently had a luncheon for the alumni board and expressed her interest in receiving input from alumni on their careers and the skills which are making those careers successful. This type of information would also be of use to all of the alumni in their professional development. Therefore, we would like to encourage you to submit a brief narrative describing the type of work in which you are involved and analyzing the skills required for effective performance of your duties. We will forward these to The Record so that they can be shared with everyone who is involved with the LBJ School. Also, we will use your information in planning the professional development day.

As an added note to the subject of input into The Record, you are welcomed to submit articles of an informative, editorial or "off the record" nature to the LBJ School Alumni Association, P.O. Box 13241, Austin, Texas 78701. We will see that they are forwarded for publication.

Of primary importance now, however, is that each of you inform us of your address and professional position so that this information can be accurately presented in the alumni directory.

Again, the alumni board would like to thank those who have made contributions to the LBJ School Alumni Association. These contributions made possible the alumni get‑together at the Texas Exes Center and will help in the printing of the directory. We realize that a good number of alumni are unable to join in the socials we have in Austin. Therefore, the alumni association is planning to offer financial assistance to local chapters.

You are invited to keep in touch with us and we will see that the directory is provided to association members before Christmas.

--Malcolm MacDonald

TESTIMONY PREPARED FOR WELFARE REFORM HEARINGS

The Welfare Reform Policy Research Project, under the direction of Professor Lodis Rhodes, is preparing the position papers to be used by the Texas Dept. of Human Resources in developing testimony to offer before the House Ways and Means Committee during hearings on the Carter Administration Welfare Reform proposal, October 31‑November 4.

In addition, Dr. Rhodes will present testimony before the same panel on November 4. His testimony will (1) call for demonstration projects prior to full-scale implementation of Carter's proposals for a revamped public assistance program; (2) request clarification of administrative costs states will have to bear under the reform act, particularly as related to a federalized computer system; and (3) predict the impact of the proposed reforms on the Social Service Amendment of 1974 (Title XX).

COMMENT LOOKS AT FEDERAL COURTS AND COUNTY JAILS

The August issue of the Public Affairs Comment, the school's quarterly publication, discusses the changing relationship between county jail administration in Texas and the federal courts.

The article, entitled "Sheriffs, Jails, and Federal Courts: A Quandary of Administration," is by James G. Dickson, Jr., Professor of Political Science at Stephen F. Austin State University in Nacogdoches.

Dickson follows the county jail/federal court relationship from the breakdown judicial "hands‑off" policy in the 1960s through seventeen years of court action and county reaction to issues related to jail conditions and prisoners' rights.

He outlines the interplay among the various groups involved in the operation of county jails—the prisoners, whose rights to adequate facilities and humane treatment are overseen by federal judges, who place the burden of improving jail conditions on the sheriffs, who must work within budgets set by County Commissioners, whose budgetary actions must be guided by the attitudes of their property‑owning constituents, who are uniformly against increased property taxes and generally unsympathetic toward jail improvements.

Dickson examines the role of the federal courts in this "quandary of administration," and concludes that it should be limited. "Courts can and do act as catalysts of change to force society and the political branches to direct attention toward certain areas of need and neglect," he says. "In so doing, courts run the risk of intruding themselves between politically responsible policy officials and the people, that is, into the democratic processes themselves." Therefore, he concludes that "viable solutions to these dilemmas, embodied in tangible policies, must come from the political branches."

THREE TO ATTEND NASPAA MEETING

Dean Elspeth Rostow, Assoc. Dean Jared Hazleton, and Professor Jurgen Schmandt will attend the annual conference of the National Association of Schools of Public Affairs and Administration (NASPAA) in Colorado Springs, Nov. 6‑10.

This year's conference on public service education will feature an address by Civil Service chairman Alan K. Campbell, followed by a discussion by Donna E. Shalala, Assistant Secretary of the U.S. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development, on HUD's Role and Experience in Encouraging Public Administration Program Development.

Other activities will include a forum on federal perspectives on public affairs education, four panels on broad educational topics, a series of track sessions on policy and program implementation, special committee meetings, and the annual NASPAA business meeting.

Dean Rostow will participate in a session on cooperative planning among Public Affairs programs, and Dr. Schmandt plans to meet with the long‑range policies committee on policy‑related research. Dr. Hazleton will attend the entire conference as representative of the LBJ School.

DON'T FORGET TO VOTE

IN THE

NOVEMBER 8 ELECTION!

LIGNITE, ALTERNATE CARE PRPs PUBLISHED

Reports from two Policy Research Projects conducted at the LBJ School during the 1976‑77 school year have been published recently by the Office of Publications.

They include a study of the development of Texas lignite resources and an annotated bibliography on alternate care service options for the elderly.

The first, Public Policies Affecting Lignite Development in Texas (PRP No. 20), reviews some of the policy issues associated with the mining and utilization of lignite in this state, focusing especially on the cumulative environmental, economic, and social impacts of large‑scale development.

In response to dwindling reserves of natural gas and petroleum, the Texas Railroad Commission and Federal Energy Administration have required electric utilities to reduce their consumption of these fuels and convert to coal. According to the report, in 1975, gas and oil accounted for over 90 percent of the fuel used by electric utilities in the state, while lignite represented about 9 percent. It is projected that by 1985, lignite and coal will supply 23 percent and 20 percent, respectively, of the state's electricity needs.

This project was undertaken to provide information for state officials on the various factors involved in lignite development, and to discuss the implications of policy actions in light of that information.

Among the policy recommendations made in the report is a series of proposed modifications to the Texas surface mining regulation program, which is guided by the Texas Surface Mining and Reclamation Act. Additional legislation which may be necessary includes a conflict of interest clause forbidding employees of the Railroad Commission to have any direct or indirect financial interest in any coal or lignite operation; provisions to allow citizens' suits for enforcement of the law; and a requirement that the Commission hold a public hearing within ten months of the receipt of a petition for designation of lands unsuitable for surface mining and render a decision within six months.

Primary environmental issues reviewed by the project include those created by the emission of pollutants into the air and water. In reviewing current air control standards, the report finds the working relationship between the Environmental Protection Agency and the Texas Air Control Board to be satisfactory. In general it concludes that states should continue to have the authority to regulate air quality within the framework of a national policy.

As for water quality, the project found that the mining industry and electric utilities in Texas are currently meeting the effluent standards set by the EPA under the 1972 Federal Water Pollution Control Act. The report adds that water pollution, which could become a problem when the sulphurous lignites of south Texas are mined, can be avoided through use of effective reclamation techniques.

The lignite PRP was directed by Professors Stephen H. Spurr and Marlan Blissett. Professor Charles G. Groat, Acting Director of UT's Bureau of Economic Geology, was a participating faculty member and A. Gray Folger of the LBJ School was Project Manager.

Alternate Care for the Elderly (PRP No. 22), reviews the current literature on services and service delivery systems for the elderly, and on particular problems faced by the elderly.

The project was supported in part by an interagency Purchase of Service Agreement with the Texas State Department of Welfare's programs of Community Care for the Aged, Blind, and Disabled.

Topics covered in the alternate care bibliography include Needs of the Elderly, Adult Day Care Services, Home‑Health Care/Homemaker Services, Institutional Care, Alternative Housing, Information and Referral Services, Meals Programs, Protection Services, and Transportation and the Elderly.

The volume provides an overview of alternate care as a service delivery strategy in addition to the chapter summaries and annotated bibliographic citations.

According to the report, the alternate care approach is distinguished by a continuum of services established to meet the long term needs of the elderly. The options along the continuum are designed to provide these people with choices for meeting their needs, so that self‑sufficiency and dignity are ensured. This long‑term, broadly conceived continuum is in contrast with the short‑term or temporary-care model, which provides assistance measures of limited duration and cannot deal effectively with the long‑term problems brought on by aging.

The report notes that the literature reflects the current situation of recognition without action. Most of the articles and books on alternate care deal with what can be or should be done, not with what is already in practice. It concludes that the current practice of "warehousing" the aged through institutionalization can only be changed through changes in public attitudes. "With the view that the aged person is not incapable of functioning in society, services are being altered to more adequately provide aid to the elderly within society, rather than to emphasize means of removing them from society."

Director of the project was Professor Lodis Rhodes. John Hamilton was the participating faculty member, and Robert B. Akin was project manager.

The Alternate Care and the Lignite PRP's are available in the Publications Office at a cost of $3.00 each.

HAMILTON ATTENDS SUPREME COURT HEARING

Professor Dagmar Hamilton attended oral argument of the Bakke case before the U.S. Supreme Court on October 12th. The Bakke case raises the issue of whether it is constitutionally permissible for the University of California at Davis to reserve 16 places in medical school for minority applicants.

While visiting Washington, Professor Hamilton also interviewed Representative Andrew Jacobs (D., Indiana) and Representative Martha Keys (D., Kansas) about Jacobs' part in the 1970 attempt to impeach Associate Justice William 0. Douglas.

Ms. Hamilton is currently working on a book, tentatively titled "The Scales of Irony," concerning the attempt to impeach Justice Douglas.