October 1978

THE RECORD

No. 55

LYNDON B. JOHNSON SCHOOL OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS,

THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN

EDITOR: Marilyn Duncan

CIVIL SERVICE REFORM, BAKKE DECISION AMONG TOPICS AT PERSONNEL INSTITUTE

The Fifth Public Personnel Management Institute, sponsored annually by the LBJ School's Office of Conferences and Training, was held September 28-29 in the Joe C. Thompson Conference Center.

The keynote speaker at the conference was Raymond Jacobson, executive director of the U.S. Civil Service Commission. Mr. Jacobson replaced scheduled speaker Alan Campbell, Civil Service Chairman, who was detained in Washington on official business.

Mr. Jacobson spoke on the need for reform of the personnel system at the federal level, a system which he claims is being operated with "horse-and-buggy management techniques" in a space-age world.

He said the proposed Civil Service Reform Act will make it possible to apply modern management skills to today's problems.

Noting the concern of taxpayers about governmental "productivity" or the quality of service they get for their tax dollars, Mr. Jacobson explained that the subject of productivity is a complex one when it concerns the output of government workers.

"This is a sector of our economy," he said, "where outputs are not easily defined and where there is no price system to assist in the measurement. When you have a public sector that comprises a third of our Gross National Product, as we do, you can hardly expect that sector not to be a drag on the total economy unless it is able to improve its productivity."

Forthcoming reforms in the civil service system, he declared, will create many new opportunities for improved productivity without increasing the workload and without making unreasonable demands on the employees. Among these improvements will be the Merit Systems Protection Board, an independent agency under bipartisan leadership which will provide an equitable, efficient, and enforceable employee appeals process and guard against abuse of merit system principles.

Another change to be incorporated will be a new Senior Executive Service which, Mr. Jacobson explained, will place in a special group "top managers who are willing to trade job security for more challenge and reward. Rank in this group will be vested in the person rather than the job, encouraging mobility and adding flexibility to management."

Those who enter the Senior Executive Service and perform well will be eligible for rewards ranging from special bonuses to sabbaticals, Mr. Jacobson said. The new executive service, he went on, provides for a "realistic mix" of career and non-career (political) executives, with a 10 percent limit placed on the number of political appointees.

Following the address was a panel on "Public Executives' View of the Personnel Function," moderated by LBJ Professor Richard Schott and including the City Manager of Corpus Christi, the County Auditor of Tarrant County, the Associate Deputy Comptroller of Texas, and the UT Vice President for Administrative Service.

Concurrent workshops were held that afternoon on a number of topics, including Social Security participation, issues in interviewing, performance appraisal in public agencies, and employee development programs.

Addressing the conference in its second day were Professor Mark Yudof, UT Professor of Law, and Mr. Thomas Huebner, City Manager of San Antonio.

Mr. Yudof, who is the John S. Redditt Professor in State and Local Government at the UT Law School, spoke on the implications of the Bakke decision for public management.

All in all, he said, the ruling will probably have few implications for management in the public sector.

"My prediction," Mr. Yudof said, "is that Bakke has done little to undermine, for better or worse, the impetus toward affirmative action in employment situations" that are covered under provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

He declared that the most difficult problem with the Bakke decision, as presented in an opinion written by Justice Lewis Powell, is that "it doesn't tell you how to weigh race." It is unclear, he went on, "how much weight could be given to race even if it is okay to take it into account." For that reason, Mr. Yudof said he did not believe the ruling would work over the long term.

The legal scholar added that he believes that the nine Supreme Court Justices would be inclined to defer to Congress if the Congress were to speak to race preference questions, but he described as a "shell game" the fact that neither the Court nor the Congress speaks to the question with clarity.

It is Mr. Yudof's opinion that the Supreme Court will not be inclined to "undo quasi-voluntary agreements between federal agencies and private and public employers because of a desire to leave what has been settled alone."

Mr. Yudof said he views the Bakke holding as "limited" by the narrow context in which it arose. The issue of the case, he said, was whether the medical school faculty's voluntary decision to have a special admissions program was constitutional, not whether the Constitution required such a program.

City Manager Huebner addressed the problems of maintaining an effective personnel management system in the era of Proposition 13, which he called "an extremely bad piece of legislation."

Speaking primarily to city managers, he made several suggestions for making city government more effective. He urged the managers to beware of inbreeding and making all promotions "in house"; avoid geographical parochialism and recruitment from the same school in regard to hiring top city personnel; discourage the tendency to insulate themselves from potential successors; encourage employee development efforts, such as attendance at professional conferences and establishment of data banks on employee skills; be prepared to see public employees unionized and be prepared to deal with strikes; and avoid taking the superior attitude toward city councils that managers are the professionals and they are the politicians.

Also appearing in the concluding general session was Mr. Lorenzo Ramirez, Regional Director of the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission in Dallas, and six EEO specialists from Austin, San Antonio, and Kingsville. The group fielded questions from the audience on the current status of EEO programs.

Over one hundred personnel managers and employees from public agencies throughout Texas attended the Institute.

HUMAN RESOURCES PROFESSIONALS PROGRAM ESTABLISHED

A grant from the U.S. Department of Labor that will total approximately one-half million dollars over the next four years will help establish a program to train professional in the human resources field at The University of Texas at Austin.

Aimed at strengthening staff capabilities for human resource programs in the Region VI area (Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, Oklahoma and New Mexico), the federal grant will help the University strengthen its curricula in the area of human resource development and will tie together all of its programs under one umbrella organization so that students who wish to participate in the program can seek guidance from one source. The LBJ School is one of four University units participating in the project.

Directing the overall University program is Professor Robert Glover, acting director of UT's Center for the Study of Human Resources. Glover, who has a Ph.D. in labor economics from UT Austin, is a participating faculty member at the LBJ School.

Mr. Robert McPherson of the Center for the Study of Human Resources is serving as project coordinator. McPherson, who came to the University this semester, has extensive experience as a manpower practitioner, from working with Congress in writing the original CETA, to directing a $90 million local CETA sponsor in Seattle. He recently served under Secretary of Labor Ray Marshall as a consultant on problems of program implementation.

The human resources program will include participation from the LBJ School, the College of Education, the College of Business Administration, and the Department of Economics in the College of Social and Behavioral Sciences.

Dr. Glover explained that those parts of the University either already offer courses that can be adapted to a program for training human resource professionals or have expressed an interest in designing courses to meet that need. For example, the LBJ School's policy research projects, independent research projects, topical seminars, and summer internships may be used to provide a specialization in human resources for participating students. Relevant course offerings elsewhere on campus would also be available to these students.

As Dr. Glover envisions the Human Resources Professionals Program, it will attract and train competent individuals to implement programs aimed at solving the problems of unemployment and underemployment and serve those already working with human resource programs. In addition to a strong course offering for University students, the program will sponsor summer training institutes and internships for professionals already employed in the field.

The need in the field of employment and training is in the area of administration, Dr. Glover said. "There have been problems of program implementation, not conceptualization," he added. "We want to give people the skills to transfer the concepts into reality."

Although human resource programs generally are funded with federal money, Dr. Glover said he does not foresee any time when those programs would be abolished.

"It's a permanent field because it transcends political ideologies. It's not liberal or conservative," he said. "The issues of welfare reform, youth unemployment, black unemployment and affirmative action are here to stay until they're solved."

The Center for-the Study of Human Resources (107 W. 27th Street) will be the headquarters for the Human Resources Professionals Program. Dr. Glover said he expects to have students enrolled under the aegis of the program by the spring semester.

The grant from the Department of Labor is basically seed money, Dr. Glover said, to help initial efforts to set up the training program at the University. Although federal funding will end after four years, it is expected that the program will continue.

'ON THE RECORD'

Jan Hilton, second-year LBJ School student, was named the U.S. Civil Service Commission's Outstanding Intern of the Year during her summer Internship with the Commission in Washington, D.C.

* * * *

Dean Elspeth Rostow was a panel participant at a conference on "Houston: Agenda for the Future," held September 21 at Tenneco Lakes in Houston under the auspices of the Houston Chamber of Commerce.

Other members of the panel included Lt. Governor Bill Hobby, Houston Mayor Jim McConn, and former Houston Mayor Louie Welch, current president of the Chamber of Commerce.

* * * *

Professor Lynn Anderson was recently appointed by Lt. Governor Bill Hobby to the Advisory Committee to the Legislative Council Study Committee on Property Taxation, an interim study committee composed of members of the House of Representatives and Senate. The Advisory Committee, composed of citizens and tax experts, is chaired by Ray Hutchinson, Dallas attorney and former legislator.

* * * *

Dr. Jared Hazleton travelled to Washington, D.C. September 19-20 to meet with the Secretary of the Labor on economic issues related to health and safety regulation. He also met with Interior Department officials to discuss parks planning in connection with his Policy Research Project.

* * * *

Nancy Bussey, Administrative Secretary in the Office of Conferences and Training, and her husband Art became the proud parents of a son, Michael John, born on September 9, 1978. During Nancy's temporary absence, Mrs. Joyce Bryant is serving as Administrative Secretary in Conferences and Training. Joyce comes to the School with extensive experience in state agencies and other university departments.

* * * *

Dean Elspeth Rostow and Associate Dean Jared Hazleton, at the invitation of Dr. William C. Levin of the University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston, recently attended the first C.M. Phillips Lecture in Medical Economics, given by Dr. Alain Enthoven.

Dr. Enthoven is a special consultant to HEW Secretary Joseph Califano on national health insurance.

* * * *

Professor Lynn Anderson, editor of the LBJ School's quarterly Public Affairs Comment since 1955, relinquished the editorship after the August 1978 issue.

Professor David Warner is serving as editor of the Comment for the 1978–79 academic year.

* * * *

On September 25, Professor Jared Hazleton travelled to Dallas to participate in the taping of a panel discussion on inflation and public policy at KERA public television station.

* * * *

Professor David Warner was recently invited to serve a two-year term on the editorial board of the Journal of Applied Research in Health Administration, a new quarterly to be published by Baywood. The Journal is directed toward bridging the gap between theory/research and practice and between academics and practitioners.

Dr. Warner also serves on the editorial board of the Journal of Health Policy Politics and Law, which is devoted primarily to health policy issues.

GRONOUSKI ACTIVE AS BROADCASTING CHAIRMAN

Professor John Gronouski, as Chairman of the Board for International Broadcasting, met with government officials and broadcasting personnel in London, Paris, Munich, and Bonn this past summer.

The Board for International Broadcasting, headquartered in Washington, D.C., has oversight responsibility for Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty.

Dr. Gronouski met in London with Embassy officials and with BBC officials involved in East European Broadcasting; attended a Board meeting in Munich to discuss the 1980 budget proposal; met with Foreign Office officials in Bonn on issues related to the renewal of the broadcasting license in West Germany; visited the Audience Research Office of RFE/RL in Paris; and visited various transmission sites in these countries.

Scheduled visits to sites in Spain and Portugal were postponed due to illness.

On September 21, Dr. Gronouski appeared before the U.S. Office of Management and Budget to continue budget preparations begun earlier in Munich. This marked the beginning of the budget process for the 1980 fiscal year which will culminate in Congressional hearings next spring.

NEW CLASS OFFICERS ELECTED

Class officers for 1978-79, elected by the student body in September, are as follows:

First-year Class

Class Representatives (2): Marty Cole and Susan Rieff.

Speakers Committee (2): Peter Greenberg and Ann Jennings.

Internship and Placement (2): Jim Gradoville. (Run-off election to be held between Carmen Gonzales and Edwina Rawlins.)

Admissions and Financial Aid (1): John Ford.

Joint Degree Program (1): Bill Presson.

Second-year Class

Faculty Recruitment (2): Greg Schonert and Judy Shifrin.

Internship and Placement (2): Bunny Storbeck and Barb Weinberg.

Speakers Committee (2): Tom Halicki and Alan Jones.

Admissions and Financial Aid (1): Manuel Rios.

Joint Degree Program (1): B.C. Cornish.

Class Representatives will be elected in October.

ALIBER, KRUEGER SCHEDULED FOR BROWN BAGS

Two brown bag seminars have been scheduled for October.

Robert Z. Aliber, chairman of the Committee on Public Policy Studies at the University of Chicago, is scheduled to speak October 11 on current trends in public policy education in the U.S.

Congressman Bob Krueger, candidate for U.S. Senator, will discuss energy issues and answer questions at a brown bag lunch on October 16. He is scheduled to speak to the Energy PRP following the noon seminar.

FALL ENROLLMENT UPDATE

The final enrollment figure for the Fall Semester at the LBJ School is 158.

This includes 81 first-year students, 64 second-year students, 7 joint degrees students, 4 Fulbright Fellows, and 2 special students.

This is the largest enrollment in the School's history. Last fall's final enrollment was 131.

ALUMNI FORUM

Alumni Seminar: Managing Data Processing Services

The 1978-79 Occasional Seminar Series sponsored by the Alumni Association opened on September 28 with a discussion of management of data processing services. Program speakers were Tom Meadows, President of Meadows Management Services, and John Musgrove, Special Assistant to the Deputy Commissioner for Information Systems at the Texas Department of Human Resources.

Both speakers stressed two points with regard to data processing management:

(1) The key to effective use of data processing is open, continuous communication between technical and management personnel.

(2) Vague management directives often result in expensive data processing solutions. Data processors may "over-solve" problems and give management more accurate information than it needs.

They noted that automated data processing is not always the answer to management problems. In some cases, they said, problems may be handled more effectively without computer assistance. Consequently, before instituting any major data processing program, it is important to explore whether the benefits anticipated from the use of the program will justify the initial costs. They further emphasized that once a system has been instituted, it is important to evaluate the results continually to determine whether the system is fulfilling expectations.

Meadows discussed ways to bridge the gap between the technical data processors and the information users. Both speakers agreed on the value of mini-computers in solving many data processing problems which are inappropriate for large computer systems.

Mr. Musgrove concluded the presentation with a description of the computer system changeover at the Department of Human Resources.

Approximately forty alumni, faculty, and students attended the seminar, which was held in the LBJ School's Faculty Lounge.

The next event will be an election night party for alumni, students, and faculty. Details will be included in the next Record.

Alumni Directory

The updated Alumni Directory will be printed in early November, with a complete listing of all LBJ School graduates, their addresses, and their business affiliations. However, the Directory is only as accurate as the information supplied to it by alumni. The survey form mailed in September should be completed and returned as soon as possible to insure listing in the Directory.

If you did not receive a survey, but wish to be included in the Directory, please contact Bill Stotesbery at P.O. Box 13241, Austin, Tx. 78701 (512-478-7476).

Alumni who have contributed to the Association will receive a free copy of the Directory. All others may purchase a copy for four dollars. Orders should be placed now, through the Board at the above address.

--Laura Doll

SCHOOL RECEIVES GRANTS FOR CONFERENCES

The LBJ School, through the Office of Conferences and Training, has received two grants of funds for the 1978-79 fiscal year from the Coordinating Board, Texas College and University System, under Title IA of the Higher Education Act of 1965.

These grants in the amounts of $45,493 under the community services section of the Title and $10,703 under the continuing education section of the law will finance a program of major conferences, including the annual Personnel Management Institute and the Pre-Session Legislative Conference, and a series of professional development institutes and seminars for state and local officials.

The program is under the directorship of Professor Lynn Anderson.

ARTICLE BY ARNOLD, HAMILTON PUBLISHED IN LAW JOURNAL

The events surrounding the Greene Settlement in Peru are examined and evaluated by Dr. Victor Arnold, LBJ School Associate Professor, and Dr. John Hamilton, LBJ School Research Associate, in a recent article in the Texas International Law Journal [vol. 13, no. 2 (Spring 1978)].

The article, entitled "The Greene Settlement: A Study of the Resolution of Investment Disputes in Peru," offers a detailed overview of each of the investment disputes leading up to the Greene Settlement, a lump-sum payment of expropriation from Peru to the United States in 1974.

According to the authors, the Greene Settlement represents "an example of the resolution of multiple claims through negotiation and accord based on economic and political objectives rather than principles of international law for prompt, adequate and effective compensation."

Among the individual cases discussed are the International Petroleum Company, which received compensation for expropriated properties despite the disapproval of the Peruvian government; Conchan-Chevron, whose petroleum assets in Peru were embargoed to pay retroactive taxes; W.R. Grace and Co., which prior to expropriation in 1970 owned two sugar estates and associated industrial complexes in Peru, with annual yields of about $50 million; and Cerro de Pasco, S.A., a mining and refining company which was expropriated after two years of unsuccessful negotiations with the Peruvian government.

These and other U.S. investors were compensated under the settlement agreement, which provided for a payment of $140,412,988, to be disbursed by the U.S. Government.

The authors claim that despite the positive results of the agreement—e.g., the normalization of U.S.-Peruvian relations—the ad hoc system of negotiation does not represent a desirable set of principles on which to base future settlements. Their recommendation is that negotiation procedures be institutionalized, preferably at an international level, before future conflicts arise.

LIBRARY "WHAT'S" LINE

This is the first of two reports on printed data sources on Texas legislation. A section on secondary sources will appear in the October issue of The Record.

Keeping Current with Texas Legislation—Printed Data Sources

Texas legislative sources, while in some instances paralleling those of the federal government, are generally neither as complete nor as authoritative as those sources recording procedure, history, or intent of Congressionally issued legislation. As a result, legislative histories of Texas state laws are prepared more infrequently and with greater difficulty in searching of original and secondary source documents; and, consequently, the "legislative intent" of particularly nebulous statutory provisions is less influential in the state courts' interpretation of Texas statutes than in the federal courts' interpretation of U.S. statutes.

Legal Sources

Despite paucity of data, however, official and certified sources exist which allow at least the partial retracing of legislative proceedings, which record the official version of the enacted statute, and which codify and interrelate it with existing law.

The official Senate and House Journals of the Texas Legislature, issued daily and cumulated into bound volumes at the end of regular and called sessions, provide the researcher with basic procedural information. The volumes, reasonably well indexed, reprint many of the bills, resolutions, and amendments considered on the floors of the two houses; list legislation by principal author; record individual votes diagramatically and specify voice votes upon request by the membership; announce legislative appointments, meetings, and messages; and include brief legislative histories of all bills and resolutions introduced during the session. These histories, valuable as official recordings of legislative action, are useless in the construction and interpretation of "legislative intent."

Upon passage, the original enrolled bill is filed in the Office of the Secretary of State, who in turn publishes the General and Special Laws of the State of Texas passed during the regular and called sessions of the Legislature. These bound volumes, indexed by session, reprint the text of the laws as authenticated by the Secretary, and are arranged both chronologically by statute approval or filing date and in numerical order by chapter number; joint and concurrent resolutions follow the text of the laws; and constitutional amendments (adopted and proposed) respectively precede the statutes and follow the resolutions. Footnotes to the acts indicate their place of incorporation into Vernon's Texas Statutes and Codes Annotated. An important feature of the bound volumes of the session laws are tables appearing at the end of the volumes which list (1) bills and resolutions vetoed by the Governor during the current session, (2) votes on proposed amendments to the Texas Constitution from 1875 to the present, (3) acts and codified statutes amended or repealed during the session, and (4) bills and resolutions approved by the existing Legislature. A subject and name index and an alphabetical table of laws and resolutions provide access to the recorded statutes. Prior to publication of the session laws by the Secretary of State, access to recently enacted statutes is afforded by Vernon's Texas Session Law Service.

The public and permanent acts of the State Legislature are codified by West Publishing Company in Vernon's Texas Codes Annotated; these published volumes are certified by the Secretary of State as representing "a true and correct copy of the Code as adopted and amended...on record in this Office." These volumes, kept current by annual pocket parts, cumulative supplements, replacement volumes, and pamphlet supplements, codify (arrange) the law currently in force according to subject categories and are recognized as the official version of Texas State laws. Unlike the session laws issued by the Secretary of State, Vernon's contains historical notes and annotations which trace the passage of legislation and digest judicial decisions interpreting specific statutes.

The State of Texas generally does not publish its legislative debates, committee reports, or transcripts of hearings of legislative committees. Therefore, in the absence of documents recording the intent of the Legislature during the enactment of law, court decisions become the chief basis for constructing Texas statutes. Cases heard in the Texas court system are reported in the Southwestern Reporter and are indexed in the Texas Digest by key word. Shepard's Texas Citations permits additional access to both cases and constitutional and statutory law by recording all known instances of their citations in Texas and federal court cases, in articles in legal periodicals, or in annotations of the Lawyer's Edition, United States Supreme Court Reports and in the "Southwestern Reporter" divisions of the American Law Reports. These sections recording citing sources of the Texas statutes and codes are invaluable to the construction and interpretation of Texas legislation. Two additional features which enhance the use of Shepard's in the study of legislation are (1) its "Tables of Texas Acts by Popular Names or Short Titles," which permits the researcher to locate an act in both the General and Special Session Laws and in Vernon's Texas Statutes and Codes Annotated; and (2) its indexes to charters and ordinances, which record citing sources of Texas municipal documents. As local government derives its authority from the state, these citations can lead to increased understanding of Texas statutory and constitutional law.

The Texas Register, prepared by the Office of the Secretary of State, is an official document paralleling the Federal Register of the U.S. government and containing executive orders of the Governor; summaries of Attorney General's opinions and requests for opinions; emergency, adopted, and proposed rules of Texas state agencies deemed necessary for the implementation of laws; notices of open meetings and hearings scheduled by the agencies; and, during the legislative sessions, a section detailing the status of major bills under consideration. While all features of the Register are somewhat useful for understanding and interpreting legislation, the last mentioned is most relevant to those researchers seeking current information on Texas session laws. Issued twice weekly, the Register summarizes pending legislation and capsulizes current legislative activity in a fashion somewhat similar to the Daily Digest published by the federal government.

An important commercial source of information pertinent to the study of Texas legislation is Shepard's Texas Law Locator. This is a ten-volume set, updated by annual pocket parts, which is comprised of five volumes of indexes to the sources of Texas law and five volumes of practice oriented summaries, with forms and tables. The sources of law include the Texas Constitution, statutes, court rules, administrative regulations, Texas cases, Attorney General's opinions, and law reviews published in Texas. The five volumes of index entries, arranged by significant word or phrase, permit ready access to all of the stated law sources. The text of Texas Law Locator selectively summarizes Texas law and citing sources. Arranged by broad subject categories, the text serves as an encyclopedia, synopsizing salient features of the law and referring the researcher to additional sources for greater detail.

Line Items

1. The CQ Weekly Reports and the National Journals sent to the bindery in June have been returned and are now available for general use.

2. The Librarian participated in an orientation program for social work students and conducted a session on public affairs legislative sources on September 21.

3. In October, the Library will begin to distribute a weekly accessions list of selected titles.

4. Reserves are now up-to-date. (Ole!) Any difficulties experienced in obtaining reserve readings should be reported immediately to the Librarian.

AUGUST COMMENT EXAMINES INVESTMENT POOLS

The August issue of the Public Affairs Comment takes a look at local government investment pools as a means of improving idle funds management in Texas.

The article, entitled "Local Government Investment Pools: Potential Benefits for Texas Local Governments," is adapted from an Independent Research Report by Harley T. Duncan, a 1978 graduate of the LBJ School. The report on idle funds management in Texas, a co-winner of the Emmette S. Redford Award for Outstanding Research, will be published by the School later this fall.

In assessing the advisability of establishing a local government investment pool in Texas, Duncan reviews the characteristics and operating results of existing pools in other states.

Among the benefits he lists as being attributable to these investment pools are: sophisticated management of funds through a centralized, professionally trained investment staff; higher yields as a result of combined denominations and longer maturities; improved liquidity of funds,. as participants may deposit and withdraw funds daily; and greater convenience due to the increased liquidity of funds and centralization of staff.

In all states for which data were available, the interest earnings on idle funds invested through LGIPs were consistently higher than those earned by all U.S. state and local governments as well as those earned by nonparticipating local governments in the states studied.

To emphasize the extent of the earnings potential in Texas, Duncan notes that in 1976, local governments in this state held about $3.8 billion in idle funds, with a 4.97 percent effective yield, or about $190 million.

By comparison, the average interest yield of the Connecticut, Oregon, and Wisconsin pools was 6.8 percent in 1976. If the $3.8 billion in idle funds in Texas had earned this higher rate, the interest would have been $260.2 million—an additional $70.2 million.

Duncan maintains that all but the largest local governments in Texas would benefit from participation in an investment pool. This alternative, he feels, "should be made available to those local governments unable to develop effective individual cash management and investment systems." To ignore this nontaxable revenue resource is, he feels, "a waste of public funds, one as real and unnecessary as an overpriced procurement contract or an uncollected tax obligation."

Individual copies of the Comment are available from the Office of Publications at no cost.

1978 PRESIDENTIAL MANAGEMENT INTERN INTERVIEWED

Mary K. Stack, 1978 graduate of the LBJ School, was one of five Presidential Management Interns interviewed in a recent issue of the Civil Service Journal (vol. 19, no. 1, July/September 1978).

The article explains the background and objectives of the program in general, and describes five of the 250 interns to give an idea of the range of qualifications and geographical areas represented.

Ms. Stack is quoted as saying of the program: "I view participation in PMIP as an excellent opportunity to initiate a permanent career in public management. My desire to shape public policies at the federal level has been long-standing. Undergraduate and graduate studies in political science and public policy analysis all have been directed toward this goal."

The Presidential Management Intern Program was established by Executive Order 12008, signed by President Carter on August 25, 1977. Last year the LBJ School was allowed to recommend eight candidates for participation in the first program, and five were selected from among 1100 applicants.

The program offers two-year appointments to developmental positions in the federal executive branch. Ms. Stack is working in the Department of Justice, Division of Administration, Office of Management and Finance, in Washington, D.C.

The other Presidential Management Interns from the LBJ School are Kenneth Apfel, John Hall, Lee Solsbery, and Bonnie Fisher. All have appointments in Washington, D.C.

TOLO PURSUES ASSIGNMENTS WITH COMMERCE, LABOR, AND SLOAN

Professor Kenneth Tolo has been engaged in a number of activities in recent months.

During June he worked with the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Policy in the U.S. Department of Commerce, conducting a short study on the Economic Development Administration's Business Development Loan and Loan Guarantee Programs.

In July and August he worked with the executive director and other senior officials of the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation of the U.S. Department of Labor in establishing the Office of Policy and Planning, and in implementing an intra-agency policy committee and policy formulation system.

Currently, Dr. Tolo is participating in a national study on the relationships and conflicts between government and higher education. The study, under the sponsorship of the Sloan Commission on Government and Higher Education, will assess the impact of state government on higher education in nine states: California, Florida, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Nebraska, New York, Texas, Washington, and Wisconsin.

Dr. Tolo is responsible for studying and reporting on Texas, with particular focus on the areas of student financial aid and governance.

BERMAN RETURNS FROM ALASKA

Professor Matthew Berman returned to the LBJ School this fall after spending eight months in Alaska as a post-doctorate fellow in a Rockefeller Foundation program in environmental affairs.

Dr. Berman conducted research on several major issues while in Anchorage, the reports of which in some cases created considerable political controversy.

As the "d-2 lands" issue, named after Section 17(d)(2) of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act of 1971, was a dominant environmental issue in Alaska in recent months, Dr. Berman chose to direct his research toward certain aspects of this issue. In a forty-eight page report completed in July, he assessed the potential impact of proposed large conservation withdrawals of federal land in Alaska on the development of each of the state's basic industries.

The main conclusion of the report was that there was no evidence to show that Alaska's energy resources—oil and gas, coal and hydroelectric power—would be seriously impacted by the bill, and that curtailment of development of other resources such as timber and minerals would have minimal economic repercussions.

The conclusions did not surprise Alaskan economists or government resource managers, but the report ran contrary to prevailing public opinion. Consequently, the "Berman Report" received widespread press coverage in Alaska and became an element of political controversy.

Dr. Berman also conducted technical research on the issue of unemployment mitigation in Alaska. He has been invited to present a paper on his research findings at a symposium to be sponsored by the Alaska Legislative Affairs Agency in Anchorage on October 19-21.

In addition to these research activities, Dr. Berman participated in a number of public involvement activities while in Alaska, including the submission of written testimony to the Alaska Legislature on bills related to the Alaska Power Authority, the Alaska Highway Natural Gas Pipeline project, and oil-field regulation at Prudhoe Bay.

He also submitted testimony on the Tongass National Forest Land Management Plan. As he later discussed this testimony at a public meeting in Juneau with a visiting Senatorial delegation led by Alaska's Senator Ted Stevens, this work also received press coverage and became controversial.

As Dr. Berman has four months remaining in his fellowship award, he plans to return to Alaska next May to complete his research over the summer.

CASE OF THE PURLOINED PAPER

A paper describing the results of the Safe Drinking Water Policy Research Project over the past two years had the unusual honor of being purloined by a professional engineering journal and published without permission of any of the authors or the commissioning agency.

The paper, entitled "How to Cope with the Safe Drinking Water Act," was a draft of a presentation given at a conference of Resources for the Future in Washington, D.C. in March 1978. The paper explores the problems of moving from the passage of a law, the Safe Drinking Water Act, to its implementation.

The journal, Water and Wastes Engineering, obtained a copy of the draft, edited it, and published it. Although they included the names of the authors, they failed to secure the permission of Professors David Eaton, Gerard Rohlich, or Barry Lovelace, or of any of the twenty-two students involved—or even Resources for the Future. The editor of the journal told Professor Eaton that he had received all twelve papers given at the conference, but that this was the most publishable.

Portions of this article will appear with permission of Resources for the Future and the authors in the November issue of Public Affairs Comment, the quarterly publication of the LBJ School.

NEW AIKEN SCHOLARSHIP AWARDED

UT NEWS—A $600 scholarship honoring a retiring Texas senator has been presented to the LBJ School by the Texas State Agency Business Administrators' Association (TSABAA).

The Senator A.M. Aikin Scholarship honors Senator Aikin of Paris, the "dean" of the Texas Senate, who will retire in January after many years of public service.

Named to receive the Aikin Scholarship is Janet West of Cypress, Texas, a first-year student in the LBJ School. She is a 1977 political science graduate of East Texas State University, where she was first recipient of the Sam Rayburn Public Affairs Scholarship and was named a Rotary International Graduate Fellow to France. This year she received a merit fellowship from the LBJ School.

The TSABAA is composed of business administrators from 118 state agencies. Its purpose is to encourage cooperation between the agencies and to establish high standards of efficiency and conduct in state accounting budgetary practices.

Henry J. Johnson Jr., director of special projects for the Texas Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation and president of TSABAA, says the scholarship enables the association to express its "heartfelt appreciation" to Senator Aikin and "to promote and encourage graduate studies in the field of public administration."