Books

1. Brick, J. and Erickson, C.K., Drugs, The Brain, and Behavior: The Pharmacology of Abuse  
    and Dependence. Haworth Press, Binghamton, NY (1999).

2. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision
    (DSM-IV-TR), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C. (2000).

3.  Brick, J., Ed., Handbook of the Medical Consequences of Alcohol and Drug Abuse, Second Edition. The Haworth Press, New York (2008).

4.  Kuhn, C., Swartzwelder, S., and Wilson, W., Buzzed. W.W. Norton & Co., New York, NY
     (2003).

5. Erickson, C.K., The Science of Addiction: From Neurobiology to Treatment. W.W. Norton & Co., New York, NY (2007).

1.   Anthony, J.C., Warner, L.A., Kessler, R.C., Comparative epidemiology of dependence on tobacco, alcohol, controlled substances, and inhalants:  Basic findings from the national comorbidity survey.  Exp. Clin. Psychopharm.2: 244-68 (1994).

2.   Chen, C.Y., Anthony, J.C., Epidemiological estimates of risk in the process of becoming dependent upon cocaine: cocaine hydrochloride powder versus crack cocaine.  Psychopharmacol. 172: 78-86 (2004).

3.   Grant, B.F., Dawson, D.A., Age at onset of alcohol use and its association with DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence:  Results from the National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiologic Survey.  J. Subst. Abuse 9: 103-10 (1997).

4.   Hasin, D.S., Hatzenbueler, M., Smith, S., Grant, B.F., Co-occurring DSM-IV drug abuse in DSM-IV drug dependence:  Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions.  Drug Alc. Depend.  80: 117-123 (2005).

5.  Hughes, J. R., Helzer, J.E., Lindberg, S.A., Prevalence of DSM/ICD-defined nicotine dependence. Drug Alc. Depend. 85: 91-102 (2006).

6.   Ridenour, T.A., Maldonado-Molina, M., Compton, W.M., Spitznagel, E.L., Cottler, L.B., Factors associated with the transition from abuse to dependence among substance abusers: Implications for a measure of addictive liability.  Drug Alc. Depend. 80: 1-14 (2005).

7.   Stinson, F.S., Grant, B.F., Dawson, D.A., Ruan, W.J., Huang, B., Saha, T., Comorbidity between DSM-IV alcohol and specific drug use disorders in the United States:  Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions.  Drug Alc. Depend.  80: 105-16 (2005).

Terminology and Diagnosis

1.   Erickson, C.K., In defense of "dependence".  Alc. Clin. Exp. Res. 32: 1-3 (2008).

2.   Grant, B.F., Harford, T.C., Muthen, B.O., Yi, H., Hasin, D.S., Stinson, F.S., DSM-IV alcohol dependence and abuse: Further evidence of validity in the general population.  Drug Alc. Depend. 86: 154-66 (2007).

2.   Hasin, D., Hatzenbuehler, M.L., Keyes, K., Ogburn, E., Substance use disorders: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV) and International Classification of Diseases, tenth edition (ICD-10).  Addiction 101: 59-75 (2006).

2.   Hasin, D. S., Liu, X., Alderson, D., Grant, B. F., DSM-IV alcohol dependence: A categorical or dimensional phenotype?  Psychol. Med.  36: 1695-705 (2006).

3.   Helser, J. E., Van den Brink, W., Guth, S.E., Should there be both categorical and dimensional criteria for the substance use disorders in DSM-V?  Addiction 101: 17-22 (2006).

4.   Martin, C.S., Chung, T., Langenbucher, J.W., How should we revise diagnostic criteria for substance use disorders in the DSM-V?  J. Abn. Psych.  117: 561-75 (2008).

Causes of Addictions

1.   Cami, J., Farre, M., Drug addiction.  New Engl. J. Med.  349: 975-86 (2003).

2.   DiFranza, J.R., Hooked from the first cigarette.  Sci. Amer. 82-7 (May, 2008).

3.   George, D.T., Gilman, J., Hersh, J., Thorsell, A., Herion, D. et al., Neurokinin 1 receptor antagonism as a possible therapy for alcoholism.  Science 319: 1536-9 (2008).

4.   Koob, G.F., Ahmed, S.H., Boutrel, B., Chen, S.A., Kenny, P.J., Markou, A., O’Dell, L.E., Parsons, L.H., Sanna, P.P., Neurobiological mechanisms in the transition from drug use to drug dependence.  Neurosci. Biobeh. Rev. 27: 739-49 (2004).

5.   Leshner, A.I., Addiction is a brain disease.  Science 278: 45-7 (1997).

6.   McAuliffe, P.F., Gold, M.S., Bajpai, L., Merves, M.L., Frost-Pineda, K., Pomm, R.M., Goldberger, B.A., Melker, R.J., Cendan, J.C., Second-hand exposure to aerosolized intravenous anesthetics propofol and fentanyl may cause sensitization and subsequent opiate addiction among anesthesiologists and surgeons.  Med. Hypoth. 66: 874-82 (2006).

7.   McLellan, A.T., Lewis, D.C., O’Brien, C.P., Kleber, H.D., Drug dependence, a chronic
      medical illness.  J. Am. Med. Assoc. 284: 1689-95 (2000).

8.   Renthal, W., Nestler, E.J., Epigenetic mechanisms in drug addiction.  Tr. Mol. Med. 14:
       341-50 (2008).

9.   Norman, S.B., Tate, S.R., Anderson, K.G., Brown, S.A., Do trauma history and PTSD
      symptoms influence addiction relapse context?  Drug Alc. Depend. 90: 89-96 (2007).

10.   Reuter, J., Raedler, T., Rose, M., Hand, I., Glascher, J., Buchel, C., Pathological gambling is linked to reduced activation of the mesolimbic reward system.   Nature Neurosci. 8: 147-8 (2005).

11.   Robinson, T.E., Berridge, R.C., The psychology and neurobiology of addiction: an
      incentive-sensitization view.  Addiction 95 (Suppl. 2): S91-S117 (2000).

12.  Sanchis-Segura, C., Borchardt, T., Vengeliene, V., Zghoul, T., Bachteler, D., Gass, P., Sprengel, R., Spanagel, R., Involvement of the AMPA receptor GluR-C subunit in alcohol-seeking behavior and relapse.  J. Neurosci. 26: 1231-8 (2006).

13. Wagner, F.A., Anthony, J.C., From first drug use to drug dependence: Developmental   periods of risk for dependence upon marijuana, cocaine, and alcohol.  Neuropsychopharm.
      26: 479-88 (2002).

14. Vanderschuren, L.J.M.J., Everitt, B.J., Drug seeking becomes compulsive after prolonged cocaine self-administration.  Science 305: 1017-19 (2004).

1.   Dackis, C.A., Kampman, K.M., Lynch, K.G., Pettinati, H.M., O’Brien, C.P., A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of modafinil for cocaine dependence.   Neuropsychopharm. 30: 205-11 (2005).

2.   Hays, J.T., Ebbert, J.O., Varenicline for tobacco dependence.  New Eng. J. Med. 359: 2018 - 24 (2008).

3.   Hollander, E., Pallanti, S., Allen, A., Sood, E., Rossi, N.B., Does sustained-release lithium reduce impulsive gambling and affective instability versus placebo in pathological gamblers with bipolar spectrum disorders?  Amer. J. Psychiat. 162: 137-45 (2005).

4.   Jayaram-Lindstrom, N., Hammarberg, A., Beck, O., Franck, J., Naltrexone for the treatment of amphetamine dependence: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial.  Am. J. Psychiat. 165: 1442-8 (2008).

5.   Johnson, B.A., Swift, R.M., Ait-Doud, N., DiClemente, C.C., Javors, M.A., Malcom, R.J., Development of novel pharmacotherapies for the treatment of alcohol dependence: Focus on antiepileptics. Alc. Clin. Exp. Res.  28: 295-301 (2004).

6.   Kranzler, H.R., Koob, G., Gastfriend, D.R., Swift, R.M., Willenbring, M.L., Advances in the pharmacotherapy of alcoholism:  Challenging misconceptions.   Alc. Clin. Exp. Res., 30: 272-81 (2006).

7.   Madras, B.K., Compton, W.M., Avula, D., Stegbauer, T., Stein, J.B., Clark, H.W., Screening, brief interventions, referral to treatment (SBIRT) for illicit drug and alcohol use at multiple healthcare sites: Comparison at intake and 6 months later.  Drug Alc. Depend. 99: 280-95 (2009).

8.   O’Malley, S.S., Rounsaville, B.J., Farren, C., Namkoong, K., Wu, R., Robinson, J., O’Connor, P.G., Initial and maintenance naltrexone treatment for alcohol dependence using primary care vs. specialty care.  Arch. Intern. Med.  163: 1695-704 (2003).

9.   Saitz, R., Unhealthy alcohol use.  New Eng. J. Med. 352: 596-606 (2005).

1.  Alcohol Health and Research World, Alcohol and development in youth: A multidisciplinary overview.  28 (3) (2004/2005), and Focus on young adult drinking 28 (4), (2004/2005).
2.   Alati, R., Al Mamum, A., Williams, G.M., O’Callaghan, M., Najman, J.M., Bor, W., In utero alcohol exposure and prediction of alcohol disorders in early adulthood: a birth cohort study.  Archiv. Gen. Psychiat.  63: 1009-16 (2006).

3.   Bookstein, F.L., Streissguth, A.P., Connor, P.D., Sampson, P.D., Damage to the human cerebellum from prenatal alcohol exposure: The anatomy of a simple biometrical explanation.  Anat. Rec. B New Anat.  289: 195-209 (2006).

4.   Chambers, R.A., Taylor, J.R., Potenza, M.N., Developmental neurocircuitry of motivation in adolescence: A critical period of addiction vulnerability. Am. J. Psychiat. 160: 1041-52 (2003).

5.   De Bellis, M.D., Narasimhan, A., Thatcher, D.L., Keshavan, M.S., Soloff, P., Clark, D.B., Prefrontal cortex, thalamus, and cerebellar volumes in adolescents and young adults with adolescent-onset alcohol use disorders and comorbid mental disorders. Alc. Clin. Exp. Res. 29: 1590-1600 (2005).

6.   Ehlers, C.L., Phillips, E., Finnerman, G., Gilder, D., Lau, P., Criado, J., P3 components and adolescent binge drinking in Southwest California Indians.  Neurotoxicol. Teratol. 29: 153-63 (2007).

7.   Heffernan, T.M., Bartholomew, J., Does excessive alcohol use in teenagers affect their everyday prospective memory?  J. Adolesc. Health 39: 138-40 (2006).

8.   Hingson, R.W., Heeren, T., Winter, M.R., Age at drinking onset and alcohol dependence: Age at onset, duration, and severity.  Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med.  160: 739-46 (2006).

9.   Kuperman, S., Schlosser, S.S., Kramer, J.R., Bucholz, K., Hesselbrock, V., Reich, T., Reich, W., Developmental sequence from disruptive behavior diagnosis to adolescent alcohol dependence. Am. J. Psychiat. 158: 2022-6 (2001).

10. Sher, L., Functional magnetic resonance imaging in studies of neurocognitive effects of alcohol use on adolescents and young adults.  Int. J. Adolesc. Med. Health 18: 3-7 (2006).

11.  Tarter, R.E., Kirisci, L., Mezzich, A., Cornelius, J.R., Pajer, K., Vanyukov, M., Gardner, W., Blackson. T., Clark, D., Neurobiological disinhibition in childhood predicts early age at onset of substance use disorder. Am. J. Psychiat. 160: 1078-85 (2003).

12.   Willens, T.E., Faraone, S.V., Biederman, J., Gunawardene, S., Does stimulant therapy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder beget later substance abuse?  A meta-analytic review of the literature.  Pediatr.  111: 179-85 (2003).

13.  White, A.M., Swartzwelder, H.S., Hippocampal function during adolescence: A unique target of ethanol effects.  Ann. NY Acad. Sci.  1021: 206-20 (2004).

14.  Winqvist, S., Jokelainen, J., Luukinen, H., Hillbom, M., Adolescents’ drinking habits predict later occurrence of traumatic brain injury: 35-year follow-up of the northern Finland 1966 birth cohort.  J. Adolesc. Health 39: 275-7 (2006).

15.  Zeigler, D.W., Wang, C.C., Yoast, R.A., Dickinson, B.D., McCaffree, M.A., Robinowitz, C.B., Sterling, M.L., Council on Scientific Affairs, American Medical Association, The neurocognitive effects of alcohol on adolescents and college students.  Prev. Med 40: 23-32 (2005).

1.  Buchert, R., Thomasius, R., Wilke, F., Petersen, K., Nebeling, B., Obrocki, J., Schulze, O., Schmidt, U., Clausen, M., A voxel-based PET investigation of the long-term effects of “ecstasy” consumption on brain serotonin transporters.  Am. J. Psychiat.   161: 1181-1189 (2004).

2.   Furmark, T., Tillfors, M., Marteinsdottir, I., Fischer, H., Pissiota, A., Langstrom, B., Fredrikson, M., Common changes in cerebral blood flow in patients with social phobia treated with citalopram or cognitive-behavioral therapy.  Arch. Gen. Psychiat.  59: 425-433 (2002).

3.   Goldapple, K., Segal, Z., Garson, C., Lau, M., Bieling, P., Kennedy, S., Mayberg, H., Modulation of cortical-limbic pathways in major depression: Treatment-specific cognitive behavior therapy.  Arch. Gen. Psychiat.  61: 34-41 (2004).

4.  Paquette, V., Levesque, J., Mensour, B., Leroux, J. -M., Beaudoin, G., Bourgouin, P., Beauregard, M., “Change the mind and you change the brain”: Effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the neural correlates of spider phobia.  NeuroImage 18: 401-409 (2003).

5.  Penades, R., Boget, T., Lomena, F., Mateos, J.J., Catalan, R., Gasto, C., Salamero, M., Could the hypofrontality pattern in schizophrenia be modified through neuropsychological rehabilitation?  Acta Psychiat. Scand.  105: 202-208 (2002).

6.  Volkow, N.D., Expectation and brain function in drug abuse.  Am. J.  Psychiat. 161:621 (2004).