DEPARTMENT OF PHILOSOPHY
     
     There are several courses offered each year in philosophy that
     should be of interest to undergraduates who have strong interests
     outside philosophy. In addition to the introductory courses
     (Philosophy 301, 304, 305, and 310) and the basic sequence in the
     history of philosophy (Philosophy 329K and 329L), the courses
     listed below are of particular relevance to students who are
     interested in the indicated areas.
     
     Business: Philosophy 312, 322, and 325L.
     
     Communications: Philosophy 312, 313, 332, and 336K.
     
     Computer sciences: Philosophy 313K, 333K, 344K, 363, and 363L.
     
     Law: Philosophy 312, 313, 318, 324C, 325K, 342, and 347.
     
     Linguistics: Philosophy 313K, 332, 344K, and 358.
     
     Literature: Philosophy 346, 348, 349, 356, 361K, and 366K; and,
     for American literature, Philosophy 351.
     
     Mathematics: Philosophy 313K, 344K, and 374K.
     
     Natural sciences: Philosophy 322, 363, and 363L.
     
     Premedicine and predentistry: Philosophy 312, 318, 322, 325M, and
     363.
     
     Social sciences: Philosophy 322, 363, and 363L.
     
     Unless otherwise stated in the description below, each class
     meets for three lecture hours a week for one semester.


Philosophy: PHL
     
     Lower-Division Courses
     
     PHL 301. Introduction to Philosophy.
     Philosophy 301 and 610QA may not both be counted. Primarily for
     lower-division students. A survey of principal topics and
     problems in areas such as ethics, theory of knowledge, and
     philosophy of religion.
     
     
     PHL 302. World Philosophy.
     Primarily for lower-division students. Basic issues of philosophy
     in Western and non-Western traditions, such as the nature of
     philosophy, its relation to religion and science, the self,
     knowledge, and virtue.
     
     
     PHL 304. Contemporary Moral Problems.
     Primarily for lower-division students. Philosophical examination
     of selected moral problems arising out of contemporary society
     and culture.
     
     
     PHL 305. Introduction to Philosophy of Religion.
     Primarily for lower-division students. A critical examination of
     various conceptions of God and of the relationship of the human
     and the divine.
     
     
     PHL 310. Knowledge and Reality.
     Philosophy 310 and 610QA may not both be counted. An introduction
     to basic issues in epistemology and metaphysics. Prerequisite:
     Some sections are restricted to philosophy majors, some to
     students with a University grade point average of at least 3.00
     or consent of instructor; these sections are identified in the
     Course Schedule.
     
     
     PHL 610Q. Problems of Knowledge and Valuation.
     Philosophy 301 and 610QA may not both be counted; Philosophy 310
     and 610QA may not both be counted; Philosophy 610QB and 318 may
     not both be counted. Restricted to students in the Plan II Honors
     Program. Methods and aims of selected sciences, arts, and
     philosophy in the attainment of knowledge and in providing the
     basis for valuation. Prerequisite: For 610QA, admission to the
     Plan II Honors Program; for 610QB, Philosophy 610QA. Three
     lecture hours and one discussion hour a week for two semesters.
     
     
     PHL 311. Argument.
     Philosophy 311 and 312 may not both be counted; Philosophy 311
     may not be counted by students with credit for Philosophy 313,
     313K, or 313Q. Argument as a kind of discourse: deductive and
     inductive arguments; principles of reasoning; fallacies;
     practical applications.
     
     
     PHL 312. Introduction to Logic.
     Philosophy 311 and 312 may not both be counted; Philosophy 312
     may not be counted by students with credit for Philosophy 313,
     313K, 313Q, 324C, or 344K. Logical structure of sentences and
     arguments; elementary symbolic methods; applications.
     
     
     PHL 313. Introductory Symbolic Logic.
     Only one of the following may be counted: Philosophy 313, 313K,
     313Q. Introduction to symbolic logic (through first-order
     predicate logic); interpretations; formal proofs, consistency;
     some practical applications. Three lecture hours and one
     discussion hour a week for one semester.
     
     
     PHL 313K. Logic, Sets, and Functions.
     Only one of the following may be counted: Philosophy 313, 313K,
     313Q. Sets, relations, functions, sentential and predicate logic,
     proof techniques, algorithms, and elementary metatheory.
     Mathematically oriented. Prerequisite: Three years of high school
     mathematics. Three lecture hours and one laboratory hour a week
     for one semester.
     
     
     PHL 313Q. Logic and Scientific Reasoning.
     Only one of the following may be counted: Philosophy 313, 313K,
     313Q. Introduction to formal proofs, semantics, quantities,
     inductive methods, decision theory, and scientific reasoning.
     Prerequisite: Admission to the Plan II Honors Program. Three
     lecture hours and one laboratory hour a week for one semester.
     
     
     PHL 317K. Introduction to the Philosophy of the Arts.
     Classic issues in the philosophy of art and beauty, illustrated
     from the fine arts and contemporary media: literature, drama,
     music, painting, film, and television.
     
     
     PHL 318. Introduction to Ethics.
     Philosophy 610QB and 318 may not both be counted. Study of basic
     principles of the moral life, with critical examination of
     traditional and contemporary theories of the nature of goodness,
     happiness, duty, and freedom. Prerequisite: Some sections are
     restricted to philosophy majors, some to students with a
     University grade point average of at least 3.00 or consent of
     instructor; these sections are identified in the Course Schedule.
     
     
     PHL 318K. Introduction to Political Philosophy.
     Views of major political philosophers on humanity, nature, and
     society; discussions of contemporary political ideologies.
     
     
     PHL 319K. Introduction to the Philosophy of Education.
     Same as Curriculum and Instruction 350 (Topic 1: Introduction to
     the Philosophy of Education). Introduction to some main
     philosophical theories of education, such as those of Plato,
     Rousseau, and Dewey; topics include learning, teaching, freedom,
     equality, and reason.
     
     
     PHL 119S, 219S, 319S, 419S, 519S, 619S, 719S, 819S, 919S. Topics
     in Philosophy.
     May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. This course is
     used to record credit the student earns while enrolled at another
     institution in a program administered by the University's Study
     Abroad Office. Credit is recorded as assigned by the study abroad
     adviser in the Department of Philosophy. University credit is
     awarded for work in an exchange program; it may be counted as
     coursework taken in residence. Transfer credit is awarded for
     work in an affiliated studies program.
     
     
     Upper-Division Courses
     
     PHL 320K. Philosophy of Culture.
     Philosophical reflection on the essence and significance of
     culture; morphology of culture; dynamics of culture; interaction
     of cultures. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing or consent of
     instructor or the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 321K. Theory of Knowledge.
     Systematic and detailed study of major issues in the theory of
     knowledge, such as the distinction between knowledge and belief,
     the criteria of knowledge, the justification of knowledge-claims,
     and perception. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing or consent
     of instructor or the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 322. Science and the Modern World.
     May be used to fulfill the Area C requirement for the Bachelor of
     Arts, Plan I, only if preceded by six semester hours of
     biological or physical science. The impact of modern science and
     technology on society and culture. Prerequisite: Upper-division
     standing or consent of instructor or the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 322K. History of Ethics.
     Survey of ethical theories from ancient times through the
     nineteenth century. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing or
     consent of instructor or the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 323K. Introduction to Metaphysics.
     Problems of substance, change, categories of being, mind, body,
     space and time, approached either systematically or historically.
     Prerequisite: Upper-division standing or consent of instructor or
     the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 324C. Applied Logic.
     May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Extensions and
     revisions of classical logic, with applications to other fields.
     Typical topics are moral, legal, and common sense reasoning,
     probability and decision theory. Prerequisite: Upper-division
     standing and Philosophy 313, 313K, or 313Q; or consent of
     instructor.
     
     
     PHL 325K. Ethical Theories.
     Major traditional and contemporary ethical theories discussed and
     critically examined. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing or
     consent of instructor or the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 325L. Business, Ethics, and Public Policy.
     Issues in ethics and politics that are relevant to the
     organization of business and industry and the distribution of
     power in society; topics include the role of industry; concepts
     of profit, property, and moral responsibility. Prerequisite:
     Upper-division standing or consent of instructor or the
     undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 325M. Medicine, Ethics, and Society.
     Moral, legal, religious, and political implications of
     developments in medicine; topics include abortion, euthanasia,
     sterilization, psychosurgery, genetic engineering; concepts of
     health, cure, insanity, and death. Prerequisite: Upper-division
     standing or consent of instructor or the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 327. Contemporary Philosophy.
     May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Currents of
     contemporary thought; past topics have included pragmatism,
     logical positivism, existentialism, and Marxism. Prerequisite:
     Upper-division standing or consent of instructor or the
     undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 328. Nineteenth-Century Philosophy.
     Major figures in nineteenth-century European philosophy,
     including Hegel, Schopenhauer, Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, and Mill.
     Prerequisite: Upper-division standing or consent of instructor or
     the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 329K. History of Ancient Philosophy.
     Development of Western philosophy from the pre-Socratics to the
     early Christian era; emphasis on Plato and Aristotle.
     Prerequisite: Upper-division standing or consent of instructor or
     the undergraduate adviser. Three lecture hours and one discussion
     hour a week for one semester.
     
     
     PHL 329L. Early Modern Philosophy: Descartes to Kant.
     Prerequisite: Upper-division standing or consent of instructor or
     the undergraduate adviser. Three lecture hours and one discussion
     hour a week for one semester.
     
     
     PHL 129S, 229S, 329S, 429S, 529S, 629S, 729S, 829S, 929S. Topics
     in Philosophy.
     May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. This course is
     used to record credit the student earns while enrolled at another
     institution in a program administered by the University's Study
     Abroad Office. Credit is recorded as assigned by the study abroad
     adviser in the Department of Philosophy. University credit is
     awarded for work in an exchange program; it may be counted as
     coursework taken in residence. Transfer credit is awarded for
     work in an affiliated studies program.
     
     
     PHL 330K. Ancient Philosophy after Aristotle.
     Same as Classical Civilization 330K. Epicureans, Stoics,
     Skeptics, Plotinus and the Neoplatonist tradition. Prerequisite:
     Philosophy 329K or consent of instructor or the undergraduate
     adviser. Three class hours a week for one semester.
     
     
     PHL 332. Philosophy of Language.
     Contemporary theories of meaning and linguistic structure, and
     their relationships to epistemology, metaphysics, and ethics.
     Prerequisite: Upper-division standing or consent of instructor or
     the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 333K. Humans and the Computer.
     Philosophical issues raised by aspects of computer science: human
     and computer intelligence; human-machine confrontation and
     symbiosis. Ethical problems involving computers: privacy,
     creativity, responsibility. Prerequisite: Upper-division
     standing.
     
     
     PHL 334K. Modern Thinkers.
     May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Critical study
     of the philosophical implications of the works of selected modern
     thinkers; for example, Nietzsche, Sartre, Camus, and Freud.
     Prerequisite: Upper-division standing or consent of instructor or
     the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 336K. Communication and Culture.
     Philosophical inquiry into the role of communication in everyday
     life; examination of various forms of popular culture like film,
     music, newspapers, and television. Prerequisite: Upper-division
     standing or consent of instructor or the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 342. Political Philosophy.
     May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Critical
     examination of leading theories of the state, including analysis
     of such concepts as sovereignty, obligation, rights, and freedom.
     Prerequisite: Upper-division standing or consent of instructor or
     the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 344K. Intermediate Symbolic Logic.
     A second-semester course in symbolic logic: formal syntax and
     semantics, basic metatheory (soundness, completeness,
     compactness, and Lowenheim-Skolem theorems), and further topics
     in logic. Prerequisite: Philosophy 313, 313K, 313Q, or consent of
     instructor.
     
     
     PHL 345. Recent Ethical Theories.
     Contemporary ethical and metaethical concepts and theories, with
     readings in such writers as Moore, Stevenson, Hare, Rawls,
     Frankena, and Nozick. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing; and
     one of the following: Philosophy 301, 310, 610QA, 610QB, 318, an
     upper-division philosophy course, or consent of instructor.
     
     
     PHL 346. Aesthetics.
     May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Study of
     selected topics in the philosophy of art; may be restricted to
     one or several specific art forms or media: literature, painting,
     music, film, television, or theatre. Prerequisite: Upper-division
     standing or consent of instructor or the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 347. Philosophy of Law.
     The significance and function of law in political and ethical
     contexts; comparison of common and statutory to scientific and
     moral law; readings from among Plato, Kant, Hegel, Bentham,
     Austin, Hart, Dworkin, Feinberg, and others. Prerequisite: Upper-
     division standing or consent of instructor or the undergraduate
     adviser.
     
     
     PHL 348. Oriental Philosophy.
     May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Comparative and
     historical studies in the philosophical and religious traditions
     of the East, with emphasis on India and China. Prerequisite:
     Upper-division standing or consent of instructor or the
     undergraduate adviser.
     
     Topic 1: Islamic Philosophy.
     Same as Asian Studies 372 (Topic 1: Islamic Philosophy) and
     Oriental and African Languages and Literatures 372 (Topic 35:
     Islamic Philosophy).
     
     Topic 2: Indian Philosophies.
     Same as Asian Studies 372 (Topic 2: Indian Philosophies) and
     Oriental and African Languages and Literatures 372 (Topic 10:
     Indian Philosophies).
     
     
     PHL 349. History of Medieval and Renaissance Philosophy.
     Philosophical thought from Augustine through Cusanus and Vico,
     with emphasis on its cultural bearing. Prerequisite: Upper-
     division standing and Philosophy 329K, or consent of instructor
     or the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 351. American Philosophy: The Puritans through the
     Transcendentalists.
     Main currents of American thought in its first two centuries,
     with readings in Edwards, Adams, Jefferson, Emerson, and others.
     Prerequisite: Upper-division standing or consent of instructor or
     the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 352. American Philosophy: The Pragmatist Movement.
     Late nineteenth century to the present, with emphasis on Peirce,
     James, and Dewey. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing or
     consent of instructor or the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 356. Philosophy of Religion.
     May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Meaning and
     function of religion; religious belief and its validity;
     religious values in the modern world. Prerequisite: Upper-
     division standing or consent of instructor or the undergraduate
     adviser.
     
     
     PHL 358. Philosophical Logic.
     Issues in philosophical logic and its applications, such as
     theories of meaning, logical paradoxes, epistemic logic, deontic
     logic, modal logic, existence, and identity. Prerequisite:
     Philosophy 313, 313K, 313Q, or consent of instructor.
     
     
     PHL 360. Metaphysics.
     May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Past topics
     include metaphysics of persons, concepts of freedom in
     contemporary philosophy, philosophy of mind. Prerequisite: Upper-
     division standing; and one of the following: Philosophy 301, 310,
     610QA, 610QB, 318, an upper-division philosophy course, or
     consent of instructor.
     
     
     PHL 360K. Marxist Philosophy.
     Study of the origin and development of Marxist philosophy from
     Hegel to the present. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing or
     consent of instructor or the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 361K. Philosophy in Literature.
     Formulation, analysis, and criticism of philosophical ideas in
     selected literary works. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing or
     consent of instructor or the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 363. Scientific Method.
     May be used to fulfill the Area C requirement for the Bachelor of
     Arts, Plan I, degree only if preceded by six semester hours of
     biological or physical science. May be counted as psychology if
     preceded by six semester hours of upper-division psychology.
     History, exposition, and analysis of such fundamental concepts in
     the natural and social sciences as explanation, prediction,
     discovery, confirmation, laws, hypotheses, theories.
     Prerequisite: Upper-division standing or consent of instructor or
     the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 363L. Philosophy of Science.
     May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. May be used to
     fulfill the Area C requirement for the Bachelor of Arts, Plan I,
     degree only if preceded by six semester hours of biological or
     physical science. Past topics include the philosophy of space and
     time, of quantum mechanics, and of evolutionary biology.
     Prerequisite: Upper-division standing or consent of instructor or
     the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 365. Selected Problems in Philosophy.
     May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Past topics
     include psycholinguistics, philosophy of nature, symbolism and
     the modes of experience. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing or
     consent of instructor or the undergraduate adviser. The
     equivalent of three lecture hours a week for one semester.
     
     
     PHL 366K. Existentialism.
     Existentialism and its relationship to literature,
     psychoanalysis, and Marxism. Prerequisite: Upper-division
     standing or consent of instructor or the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 371H. Philosophy Honors.
     Close study of major works of philosophy. Prerequisite: Upper-
     division standing, a Plan I major in the College of Liberal Arts,
     and consent of instructor. Three lecture hours and one discussion
     hour a week for one semester.
     
     
     PHL 371K. History of Philosophy.
     May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. A detailed,
     critical study of one or more works of great importance in the
     history of philosophy. Prerequisite: Upper-division standing or
     consent of instructor or the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 374K. Logical Theory.
     May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Topics include
     philosophy of mathematics, constructivist logic, systems of
     logic, advanced symbolic logic. Prerequisite: Upper-division
     standing or consent of instructor or the undergraduate adviser.
     
     
     PHL 375M. Major Seminar.
     May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Philosophy 375M
     and 379L may not both be counted unless the topics vary.
     Prerequisite: A major in philosophy or humanities or admission to
     the Plan II Honors Program, Philosophy 313, 313K, or 313Q,
     and Philosophy 329K and 329L; or consent of the undergraduate
     adviser.
     
     
     PHL 679H. Honors Tutorial Course.
     Supervised individual reading for one semester, followed by
     research and writing to produce a substantial paper on a special
     topic in philosophy, to be completed during the second semester.
     Prerequisite: For 679HA, admission to the Philosophy Honors
     Program; for 679HB, Philosophy 679HA. Conference course for two
     semesters.
     
     
     PHL 379K. Conference Course.
     May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Intensive
     tutorial study of selected problems in philosophy. Prerequisite:
     Nine semester hours of upper-division philosophy and consent of
     instructor and the undergraduate adviser in philosophy.
     Conference course.
     
     
     PHL 379W. Conference Course.
     May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Intensive
     tutorial study of selected problems in philosophy. Prerequisite:
     Nine semester hours of upper-division philosophy and consent of
     instructor and the undergraduate adviser in philosophy.
     Conference course.